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• RENEWABLE ENERGY USE IN HUNGARY AND IN THE SURROUNDING EU MEMBER STATES

  23-29

  Judit Csizmásné Tóth Judit

  Judit Poór

  Zsolt Hollósy

  Views:

  154

  In our paper, we survey the changes of the last 10 years regarding the use of renewable energy in Hungary and the surrounding EU countries (Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia). In 2015, the share of renewable energy in EU28 is 16.7% of final energy consumption, 28.8% of electricity, 18.6% of heating/cooling and 6.7% of transport. We present the renewable energy targets of Hungary and the surrounding member states and
  their fulfillment in 2015. We also look at the share of the gross domestic energy and renewable energy consumption.

• Community development role of renewable energy projects

  158-167

  Gábor Koncz

  Dóra Nagyné Demeter

  Views:

  192

  The spread of utilization of renewable energy resources is primarily motivated by objectives of energy policy and climate protection. However the rural and community development role of the new investments had got a greater significance in the past years. In the last years or decades the different renewable energy sectors became an important objective of regional policy. In parallel with these changes the renewable energy sources aroused the interest of potential investors. The low population density and relative richness of natural resources in rural areas provide favourable conditions for location of these investments. On the base of local economic development aspects was designated as positive effects that the investments utilize the internal resources of these regions. However in practice it raises different significant questions. What is the role of local financial resources, professional skills and sufficient number of customers in renewable energy investments? We cannot imagine authentic and successful rural development projects without considering the interests and participation of local communities. Our research focuses on requirements of prosperous and long-term sustainable renewable energy based community development solutions following Hungarian and European examples.

• The impact of energy crisis on variance- and Gini-optimized portfolio structures – case of Hungary

  1-13

  Gergő Tömöri

  György Csontos

  Views:

  24

  Crises in the 2020s have shocked global stock markets with unprecedented sud- denness. This has had a particularly strong impact on the Central European countries outside the euro area and exposed to heightened geopolitical conflicts, and within them, Hungary, which has had a particular government response to the crisis. Our research objective was to investigate the impact of the energy crisis on the Hungarian stock market as a consequence of the combination of greening policies, the post-Covid reopening and the EU sanctions policy on Russian energy imports, focusing on the portfolio optimization of the Hungarian blue chips and the stocks of the biggest complex (renewable and non-renewable) energy producer and trader company in the Hungarian market. In this context, our aim is to determine the impact of the turbulent crisis phenomena in the period 2020-2023, with a focus on energy price inflation, on the structure of a portfolio of the 5 stocks mentioned above optimized based on mean-variance and mean-Gini model. Since based on both methods, although differently, significantly increased the portfolio weight of the same energy company stocks in the energy crisis, it can be concluded that the change in the composition of the diversified portfolio reflected the impact of macroeconomic conditions on the stock market.