A területfejlesztés mint tevékenység a történelem folyamán összekapcsolódott az állammal, és az folyamatosan jelen van a gazdaság és a társadalom életében. Egy ország gazdasági teljesítménye, gazdasági stabilitása determinálja annak geopolitikai szerepét és jelentőségét. A 21. század első évtizedében az államok közötti konfliktusok rendezésére alkalmazható eszközök átalakultak, az egyes országok gazdasága lett az a fegyvertár, mely segítségével az államok az új típusú, hagyományos erőszaktól mentes háborúikat, azaz a „gazdasági háborúkat” vívhatják. Ennek következtében a területfejlesztés eszközrendszerével is kibővült a fegyvertár, így e tevékenységnek kétségkívül van geopolitikai és geoökonómiai vonatkozása is. A tanulmány ezeket a területfejlesztés, a geopolitika és a geoökonómia közötti összefüggéseket igyekszik vizsgálni.

JEL kódok: F59, O29

Based on the world's most renowned university rankings, OECD annual reports and Eurostat data, this paper seeks to demonstrate that a competitive economy requires competitive (higher) education and that there is a significant correlation between the quality of higher education and economic development. Furthermore, in this process, the higher education quality assurance organization system has an outstanding task and responsibility through the formation of quality culture, guidelines, helpful research, summary of good practices and making constructive suggestions. Finally, it points out that close collaboration between universities and agencies with stakeholders is a priority area, which could contribute to a much more capability-based output system in the longer term. It also considers it desirable to make the relationship between universities and scientific research networks and research institutes closer and more vibrant (where it is not).

Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes: H52, I22, I23, I25, I26, O15

Abstract: The corporate tax system is easy to manipulate in modern economies, with high explicit and implicit costs of maintaining it. Attempts to reform it have been unsuccessful, with aggressive tax planning and tax evasion gaining ground at the international level. The source of constant conflicts between national tax administrations and companies is also the corporate tax base and tax accounting. Therefore, based on a new paradigm, I have developed a new, globally introduce, corporate value-added tax on corporate adjusted sales. Revenues from this tax would replace general government revenues lost due to the abolition of corporate tax. Based on the GDP of the member states of the European Union, I calculated the rate of the new tax for all member states. In the study, I present in detail, the mechanism of operation of the new tax, then describe the advantages of the introduction of the new tax compared to the corporate tax. Finally, I will thoroughly present how the taxation of dividends from company owners/shareholders would change if the new tax I planned was introduced and operated. This new type of taxation of dividends would, in my view, contribute more fairly to the burden-sharing.

Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes: C 53, E 62, H 24, K 34

Economic actors, in their interactions with each other, certainly make decisions which are able to improve their original situation. In the case of free trade agreements, tariffs have the effect to manipulate countries’ trade and welfare. In this paper, we try to estimate the impacts of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) on the profit level of participating countries in the context of the Cournot duopoly model. More specifically, we elaborate the most traded product (MTP) and determine the profit levels in the equilibrium regarding two scenarios (pre and post situations of the TTIP). The findings suggest that the Cournot model seems suitable since it illustrates the possible options and provides a guideline for the decision-making process. Based on the model, it can be shown at which point the highest benefit can be achieved for the participating economies (EU, US) i.e. how long it is worth for the parties to apply additional automotive tariffs.

Oil and Gas remains the backbone of the Nigerian economy as it constitutes a major revenue source for the government. However, host communities have not felt the effect of carrying the financial burden of the nation. The heavy reliance on the oil sector has crippled instead of enhanced the environmental and social conditions of the host communities. This study examines the nexus between CSR practices and sustainable livelihood in the Nigerian oil and gas production region using secondary data. The study concludes that oil firms have underperformed within the scope of the usage of CSR to mitigate environmental and social concerns. Attention should be drawn to the peaceful coexistence of the oil firms and the community members in the affected region. CSR initiatives, together with government interventions, will greatly improve the livelihoods of the people. It is recommended that oil firms recognize their obligations to all stakeholders, the environment and the expectations of the host communities and establish a relationship that will foster a working partnership for community development and peaceful coexistence.

JEL Code: M14, Q35, Q56