dEjournals Nyitóoldal
Competitio
Online megjelent Aktuális Legtöbbet olvasott Archívum Keresés
Regisztráció Bejelentkezés

Competitio

Évf. 8 szám 1 (2009)
Tanulmányok

Political Economy of Fiscal Reform in Central and Eastern Europe

Megjelent:
2009-06-15
DOI Linkhttps://doi.org/10.21845/comp/2009/1/4
Szerző
Kopits George
Megtekintés
PDF (Angol)
Kulcsszavak
political economy public finance transition economies
Hogyan hivatkozzuk
Kiválasztott formátum: APA
Kopits, G. (2009). Political Economy of Fiscal Reform in Central and Eastern Europe. Competitio, 8(1), 66-75. https://doi.org/10.21845/comp/2009/1/4
Absztrakt

The reform of public finances has been at the centre of the post-socialist transition of Central and Eastern Europe since the early 1990s. At various stages of the transition, the reform process encompassed the entire gamut of public finances: the national budget, sub-national finances, extrabudgetary operations, and state-owned financial and non-financial enterprises. For the most part, fiscal reform was a non-linear stop-and-go process – often characterised by backtracking as well – and was uneven across countries. Moreover, unlike most reform experience in the rest of the world, fiscal reform in this region took place against the backdrop of a radical break, as sovereign countries emerged from a colonial past following the collapse of the Soviet Union. An important milestone was reached in 2004–2007, when all ten countries covered in this article became members of the European Union. The purpose of this article is to discuss fiscal reform in Central and Eastern Europe from the perspective of political economy. Following an overview of basic reform trends, the article focuses on the principal drivers and impediments to reform in the region. To conclude, the ingredients of successful reform are examined. The article does not provide an exhaustive inventory of reform measures, nor does it offer a survey of broad political economy issues prior to or during the transition period. Country references are intended to serve as stylised illustrations of main points, rather than as a comprehensive documentation of reform episodes.

Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) classifications: H1, H3, P2, P52.

Hivatkozások
  1. Aaron, H.J. (1973): Why is Welfare so Hard to Reform?, Chapter 6, Brookings Institution, Washington DC.
  2. Berger, H., G. Kopits and I. Székely (2007): Fiscal Indulgence in Central Europe: Loss of the External Anchor? Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 54, February, pp. 116–135.
  3. Csaba, L. (2005): The New Political Economy of Emerging Europe. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest.
  4. Deroose, S., A. Montanino and I. S. Wold (2006): The EU Approach to Fiscal Sustainability. In: Fiscal Policy and the Road to the Euro. National Bank of Poland, Warsaw, pp. 87–120.
  5. Gladwell, M. (2000): The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference. Back Bay Books, New York, United States.
  6. Gleich, H. and J. von Hagen (2003): The Evolution of Budget Institutions: Evidence from Central and Eastern European Countries. ZEI (Center for European Integration Studies), University of Bonn, Bonn,
  7. Germany.
  8. Haggard, S. and R. Kaufman (1989): Economic Adjustment in New Democracies. Chapter 2 in: J. Nelson (ed.): Fragile Coalitions: The Politics of Economic Adjustment. Overseas Development Council, Washington DC.
  9. Kolodko, G. (2000): From Shock to Therapy: The Political Economy of Postsocialist Transformation. Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom.
  10. Kopits, G. (1991): Fiscal Reform in European Economies in Transition. In: P. Marer and S. Zecchini (eds.): The Transition to a Market Economy: Volume 2 – Special Studies, OECD Publishing, Paris, pp. 359–388.
  11. Kopits, G. (1994a): Midway in the Transition. Acta Oeconomica, Vol. 46(3–4), pp. 267–292.
  12. Kopits, G. (1994b): Monetary and Fiscal Management during the Transformation. In: H.J. Blommestein and B. Steunenberg (eds.): Government and Markets: Establishing a Democratic Order and a Market
  13. Economy in Former Socialist Countries, Kluwer, Dordrecht, Netherlands, pp. 231–246.
  14. Kopits, G. (1994c): Lessons in Fiscal Consolidation. In: H. Siebert (ed.): Overcoming the Transformation Crisis: Lessons for the Successor States of the Soviet Union. Institute of World Economics, Kiel,
  15. Germany, pp. 257–277.
  16. Kopits, G. (2000): Comment on ‘Macroeconomic Policies and Achievements in Transition Economies, 1989-99’ by S. Gomulka. In: Economic Survey of Europe. UNECE, Geneva, Switzerland, pp. 86–88.
  17. Kopits, G. (2006): Fiscal Reform in the New Member States: Prospects and Retrospect. In: Fiscal Policy and the Road to the Euro, National Bank of Poland, Warsaw, pp. 191–203.
  18. Kopits, G., and I. Székely (2003): Fiscal Policy Challenges of EU Accession for the Baltics and Central Europe. In: G. Tumpel-Gugerell and P. Mooslechner (eds.): Structural Challenges for Europe. Edward Elgar,
  19. Cheltenham, United Kingdom, pp. 277–297.
  20. Kornai, J. (1992): The Socialist System: The Political Economy of Communism. Clarendon Press, Oxford, United Kingdom.
  21. Pinera, J. (1994): Chile. In: J. Williamson (ed.): The Political Economy of Policy Reform. Institute for International Economics, Washington DC, pp. 225–231.
  22. Roland, G. (2000): Transition and Economics: Politics, Markets, and Firms. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.
  23. Tanzi, V. (ed.) (1993): Transition to Market: Studies in Fiscal Reform. International Monetary Fund, Washington DC.
  24. Tanzi, V., and G. Tsibouris (2000): Fiscal Reform Over Ten Years of Transition. IMF Working Paper WP/00/113, June, International Monetary Fund, Washington DC.