Kutatás közben
Az önkéntes munkanélküli biztosítás szerepe a szakszervezeti mozgalomban
Megjelent:
2017-12-15
https://doi.org/10.21845/comp/2017/2/3
Szerző
Megtekintés
Kulcsszavak
Hogyan hivatkozzuk
Kiválasztott formátum:
APA
Elek, N. I. (2017). Az önkéntes munkanélküli biztosítás szerepe a szakszervezeti mozgalomban. Competitio, 16(2), 43-70. https://doi.org/10.21845/comp/2017/2/3
Absztrakt
A tanulmány célja, hogy a szakirodalom alapján feltérképezze a szakszervezet által kezelt, állami támogatással működő, országos szintű, önkéntes munkanélküli biztosítási rendszer, az ún. Ghent-rendszer, szelektív ösztönzést befolyásoló intézményi környezetét. További cél, hogy klaszterelemzés alkalmazásával megvizsgálja, hogy e környezet alapján a Ghent-rendszerű országok – Dánia, Finnország és Svédország – különböznek-e más országoktól. Az elemzés Olson (1965) melléktermék-elméletének koncepciójából indul ki. Ennek lényege, hogy a nagy csoportok az egyes egyénekre ható ösztönzők alkalmazásával képesek csak a tagságuk növelésére, fenntartására és így lobbitevékenységük megvalósítására. A szakszervezetek esetében az önkéntes munkanélküli biztosítás elérhetősége lényeges ösztönző. A szakszervezeti mozgalomra gyakorolt hatását dummy változóként szokták vizsgálni, jelen írás azonban a Ghent-rendszer szempontjából fontos intézményekre fókuszál.
Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) kód: J51
Hivatkozások
Berg, J. – Salerno, M. (2008): The Origins of Unemployment Insurance: Lessons for Developing Countries. In: Berg, J. – Kucera, D. (eds.): In Defence of Labour Market Institutions: Cultivating Justice in the Developing World. The International Labour Organization. Palgrave Macmillan, London:80–99. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230584204_5
Blaschke, S. (2000): Union Density and European Integration: Diverging Convergence. European Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 6, No. 2:217–236. https://doi.org/10.1177/095968010062006
Boeri, T. – Brugiavini, A. – Calmfors, L. (eds.) (2001): The Role of Unions in the Twenty-First Century: a report for the Fondazione Rodolfo Debenedetti. Oxford University Press, Oxford. https://doi.org/10.1093/0199246580.001.0001
Botero, J. C. – Djankov, S. – La Porta, R. – Lopez-de-Silanes, F. – Shleifer, A. (2004): The Regulation of Labor. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 119, No 4:1339–1382. https://doi.org/10.1162/0033553042476215
Brady, D. (2007): Institutional, Economic or Solidaristic? Assessing Explanations for Unionizations Across Affluent Democracies. Work and Occupations, Vol. 34, No. 1:67–101. https://doi.org/10.1177/0730888406295332
Bryson, A. – Ebbinghaus, B. – Visser, J. (2011): Introduction: Causes, consequences and cures of union decline. European Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 17, No. 2:97–105. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680111400893
Böckerman, P. – Uusitalo, R. (2006): Erosion of the Ghent System and Union Membership Decline: Lessons from Finland. British Journal of
Industrial Relations, Vol. 44, No. 2:283–303. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8543.2006.00498.x
Checchi, D. – Lucifora, C. (2002): Unions and labour market institutions in Europe. Economic Policy, Vol. 17, No. 35:361–408. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0327.00092
Checchi, D. – Visser, J. (2005): Pattern Persistence in European Trade Union Density: A longitudinal analysis 1950-1996. European Sociological Review, Vol. 21, No. 1:1–21. https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jci001
Clasen, J. – Viebrock, E. (2008): Voluntary Unemployment Insurance and Trade Union Membership: Investigating the Connections in Denmark and Sweden. Journal of Social Policy, Vol. 37, No. 3:433–451. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047279408001980
Dimick, M. (2011): Labor Law, New Governance, and the Ghent System. North Carolina Law Review, Vol. 90, No. 2:1–55.
Ebbinghaus, B. – Göbel, C. – Koos, S. (2011): Social Capital, ‘Ghent’ and Workplace Contexts Matter: Comparing Union Membership in Europe. European Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 17, No. 2:107–124. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680111400894
Ebbinghaus, B. – Visser, J. (1999): When Institutions Matter – Union Growth and Decline in Western Europe, 1950-1995. European Sociological Review, Vol. 15, No. 2:135–158. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.esr.a018257
ECHR (1950): European Convention on Human Rights. Article 11. European Court of Human Rights, Council of Europe, Strasbourg.
Edling, N. (2006): Limited Universalism: Unemployment Insurance in Northern Europe 1900-2000. In Edling, N. – Christiansen, N. F. – Haave, P. – Petersen, K. (eds.): The Nordic Model of Welfare (Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press):99–143.
Hofstede, G. – Hofstede, G. J. – Minkov, M. (2010): Cultures and Organizations. Software of the Mind. Intercultural Cooperation and Its Importance for Survival. Third Edition. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Hofstede, G. (2015): Dimension data matrix. 6 dimensions for website 2015 12 08. http://geerthofstede.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/6-dimensions-forwebsite-2015-12-08-0-100.xls. Letöltés dátuma: 2018.01.20.
Høgedahl, L. (2014): The Ghent effect for whom? Mapping the variations of the Ghent effect across different trade unions in Denmark. Industrial Relations Journal, Vol. 45, No. 6:469–485. https://doi.org/10.1111/irj.12072
Holmlund, B. – Lundborg, P. (1999): Wage Bargaining, Union Membership, and the Organization of Unemployment Insurance. Labour Economics, Vol. 6, No. 3:397–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-5371(99)00010-X
Kjellberg, A. (2006): The Swedish Unemployment Insurance will the Ghent System Survive? Transfer: Quarterly of the European Trade Union Institute for Research, Education, and Health and Safety, Vol. 12, No. 1:87–98. https://doi.org/10.1177/102425890601200109
Kjellberg, A. (2009): The Swedish Ghent system and trade unions under pressure. Transfer – European Review of Labour and Research, Vol. 15, No. 3-4:481–504. https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589090150031601
Kjellberg, A. (2011): The Decline in Swedish Union Density since 2007. Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1:67–93. https://doi.org/10.19154/njwls.v1i1.2336
Lesch, H. (2004): Trade Union Density in International Comparison. CESifo Forum; München, Vol. 5, No. 4 (Winter 2004):12–18.
LIGA Szakszervezetek (2014): A Ghent-rendszer. Független Szakszervezetek Demokratikus Ligája honlapja. http://www.liganet.hu/page/88/artID/7646/html/a-ghent-rendszer.html. Letöltés dátuma: 2018.01.12.
Lind, J. (2009): The End of the Ghent System as Trade Union Recruitment Machinery? Industrial Relations Journal, Vol. 40, No. 6:510–523. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2338.2009.00543.x
Nagy Viktória (2017): Ghent-rendszer – A megoldás minden szakszervezeti problémára? Új Egyenlőség (2017.11.12.). http://ujegyenloseg.hu/ghentrendszer-a-megoldas-minden-szakszervezeti-problemara/ Letöltés dátuma: 2018.01.20.
Nergaard, K. – Stokke, T. A. (2007): The puzzles of union density in Norway. Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, Vol. 13, No. 4:653–670. https://doi.org/10.1177/102425890701300409
Neumann, G. – Pedersen, P. J. – Westergard-Nielsen, N. (1991): Long-run international trends in aggregate unionization. European Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 7, No. 3:249–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/0176-2680(91)90013-S
Olson, M. (1965): The Logic of Collective Action. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
Olson, M. (1982/1987): Nemzetek felemelkedése és hanyatlása. Gazdasági növekedés, stagfláció és társadalmi korlátok. Közgazdasági és Jogi Könyvkiadó, Budapest.
Oscarsson, S. (2003): Institutional Explanations of Union Strength: An Assessment. Politics & Society, Vol. 31, No. 4:609–635. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032329203256955
Rasmussen, M. B. – Pontusson, J. (2017): Working-Class Strength by Institutional Design? Unionization, Partisan Politics and Unemployment Insurance Systems, 1870-2010. Comparative Political Studies:1–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414017710269
Sajtos László – Mitev Ariel (2007): SPSS kutatási és adatelemzési kézikönyv. Alinea Kiadó, Budapest.
Sandler, T. (2015): Collective action: fifty years later. Public Choice, Vol. 164, No. 3-4:195–216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-015-0252-0
Schnabel, C. (2002): Determinants of Trade Union Membership. Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Lehrstuhl für Arbeitsmarkt- und Regionalpolitik, Discussion Papers, No. 15.
Schnabel, C. (2013): Union membership and density: Some (not so) stylized facts and challenges. European Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 19, No. 3:255–272. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680113493373
Scruggs, L. (2002): The Ghent System and Union Membership in Europe, 1970-1996. Political Research Quarterly, Vol. 55, No. 2:275–297. https://doi.org/10.2307/3088053
Scruggs, L. – Lange, P. (2002): Where Have All the Members Gone? Globalization, Institutions, and Union Density. The Journal of Politics, Vol. 64, No. 1:126–153. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2508.00121
SZEF-ÉSZT Akadémia (2017): Lehet-e a szakszervezet újra társadalmi mozgalom? SZEF-ÉSZT Akadémia. Értékek és érdekek. https://szefakademia.hu/esemenyek/lehet-a-szakszervezet-ujra-tarsadalmi-mozgalom Letöltés dátuma: 2018.01.20.
Vandaele, K. (2006): A Report from the Homeland of the Ghent System: Unemployment and Union Membership in Belgium. Transfer, Vol. 13, No. 4:647–657. https://doi.org/10.1177/102425890601200417
Van Rie, T. – Marx, I. – Horemans, J. (2011): Ghent revisited: Unemployment insurance and union membership in Belgium and the Nordic countries.
European Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 17, No. 2:125–139. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680111400895
Visser, J. (2016a): ICTWSS Database, version 5.1. Amsterdam: Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Labour Studies (AIAS), University of Amsterdam, September 2016, [Online], Open access database at: http://uva-aias.net/en/ictwss, Letöltés dátuma: 2018.01.20.
Visser, J. (2016b): ICTWSS Database Version 5.1 – September 2016 –CODEBOOK, [Online]: https://aias.s3-eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/website/uploads/1475058325774ICTWSS-Codebook_Version-5.1_20160926.pdf, Letöltés dátuma: 2018.01.20.
Williamson, C. R. (2009): Informal institutions rule: institutional arrangements and economic performance. Public Choice, Vol. 39, No. 3-4:371–387. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-009-9399-x
Worker-participation.eu (2016): National Industrial Relations. Compare countries. http://www.worker-participation.eu/National-Industrial-Relations/Compare-Countries?countries%5B%5D=157&countries%5B%5D=262&countries%5B%5D=357&countries%5B%5D=2638&countries%5B%5D=368&fields%5B%5D=6, Letöltés dátuma: 2018. 02.21.
Blaschke, S. (2000): Union Density and European Integration: Diverging Convergence. European Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 6, No. 2:217–236. https://doi.org/10.1177/095968010062006
Boeri, T. – Brugiavini, A. – Calmfors, L. (eds.) (2001): The Role of Unions in the Twenty-First Century: a report for the Fondazione Rodolfo Debenedetti. Oxford University Press, Oxford. https://doi.org/10.1093/0199246580.001.0001
Botero, J. C. – Djankov, S. – La Porta, R. – Lopez-de-Silanes, F. – Shleifer, A. (2004): The Regulation of Labor. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 119, No 4:1339–1382. https://doi.org/10.1162/0033553042476215
Brady, D. (2007): Institutional, Economic or Solidaristic? Assessing Explanations for Unionizations Across Affluent Democracies. Work and Occupations, Vol. 34, No. 1:67–101. https://doi.org/10.1177/0730888406295332
Bryson, A. – Ebbinghaus, B. – Visser, J. (2011): Introduction: Causes, consequences and cures of union decline. European Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 17, No. 2:97–105. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680111400893
Böckerman, P. – Uusitalo, R. (2006): Erosion of the Ghent System and Union Membership Decline: Lessons from Finland. British Journal of
Industrial Relations, Vol. 44, No. 2:283–303. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8543.2006.00498.x
Checchi, D. – Lucifora, C. (2002): Unions and labour market institutions in Europe. Economic Policy, Vol. 17, No. 35:361–408. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0327.00092
Checchi, D. – Visser, J. (2005): Pattern Persistence in European Trade Union Density: A longitudinal analysis 1950-1996. European Sociological Review, Vol. 21, No. 1:1–21. https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jci001
Clasen, J. – Viebrock, E. (2008): Voluntary Unemployment Insurance and Trade Union Membership: Investigating the Connections in Denmark and Sweden. Journal of Social Policy, Vol. 37, No. 3:433–451. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047279408001980
Dimick, M. (2011): Labor Law, New Governance, and the Ghent System. North Carolina Law Review, Vol. 90, No. 2:1–55.
Ebbinghaus, B. – Göbel, C. – Koos, S. (2011): Social Capital, ‘Ghent’ and Workplace Contexts Matter: Comparing Union Membership in Europe. European Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 17, No. 2:107–124. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680111400894
Ebbinghaus, B. – Visser, J. (1999): When Institutions Matter – Union Growth and Decline in Western Europe, 1950-1995. European Sociological Review, Vol. 15, No. 2:135–158. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.esr.a018257
ECHR (1950): European Convention on Human Rights. Article 11. European Court of Human Rights, Council of Europe, Strasbourg.
Edling, N. (2006): Limited Universalism: Unemployment Insurance in Northern Europe 1900-2000. In Edling, N. – Christiansen, N. F. – Haave, P. – Petersen, K. (eds.): The Nordic Model of Welfare (Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press):99–143.
Hofstede, G. – Hofstede, G. J. – Minkov, M. (2010): Cultures and Organizations. Software of the Mind. Intercultural Cooperation and Its Importance for Survival. Third Edition. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Hofstede, G. (2015): Dimension data matrix. 6 dimensions for website 2015 12 08. http://geerthofstede.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/6-dimensions-forwebsite-2015-12-08-0-100.xls. Letöltés dátuma: 2018.01.20.
Høgedahl, L. (2014): The Ghent effect for whom? Mapping the variations of the Ghent effect across different trade unions in Denmark. Industrial Relations Journal, Vol. 45, No. 6:469–485. https://doi.org/10.1111/irj.12072
Holmlund, B. – Lundborg, P. (1999): Wage Bargaining, Union Membership, and the Organization of Unemployment Insurance. Labour Economics, Vol. 6, No. 3:397–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-5371(99)00010-X
Kjellberg, A. (2006): The Swedish Unemployment Insurance will the Ghent System Survive? Transfer: Quarterly of the European Trade Union Institute for Research, Education, and Health and Safety, Vol. 12, No. 1:87–98. https://doi.org/10.1177/102425890601200109
Kjellberg, A. (2009): The Swedish Ghent system and trade unions under pressure. Transfer – European Review of Labour and Research, Vol. 15, No. 3-4:481–504. https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589090150031601
Kjellberg, A. (2011): The Decline in Swedish Union Density since 2007. Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1:67–93. https://doi.org/10.19154/njwls.v1i1.2336
Lesch, H. (2004): Trade Union Density in International Comparison. CESifo Forum; München, Vol. 5, No. 4 (Winter 2004):12–18.
LIGA Szakszervezetek (2014): A Ghent-rendszer. Független Szakszervezetek Demokratikus Ligája honlapja. http://www.liganet.hu/page/88/artID/7646/html/a-ghent-rendszer.html. Letöltés dátuma: 2018.01.12.
Lind, J. (2009): The End of the Ghent System as Trade Union Recruitment Machinery? Industrial Relations Journal, Vol. 40, No. 6:510–523. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2338.2009.00543.x
Nagy Viktória (2017): Ghent-rendszer – A megoldás minden szakszervezeti problémára? Új Egyenlőség (2017.11.12.). http://ujegyenloseg.hu/ghentrendszer-a-megoldas-minden-szakszervezeti-problemara/ Letöltés dátuma: 2018.01.20.
Nergaard, K. – Stokke, T. A. (2007): The puzzles of union density in Norway. Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, Vol. 13, No. 4:653–670. https://doi.org/10.1177/102425890701300409
Neumann, G. – Pedersen, P. J. – Westergard-Nielsen, N. (1991): Long-run international trends in aggregate unionization. European Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 7, No. 3:249–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/0176-2680(91)90013-S
Olson, M. (1965): The Logic of Collective Action. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
Olson, M. (1982/1987): Nemzetek felemelkedése és hanyatlása. Gazdasági növekedés, stagfláció és társadalmi korlátok. Közgazdasági és Jogi Könyvkiadó, Budapest.
Oscarsson, S. (2003): Institutional Explanations of Union Strength: An Assessment. Politics & Society, Vol. 31, No. 4:609–635. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032329203256955
Rasmussen, M. B. – Pontusson, J. (2017): Working-Class Strength by Institutional Design? Unionization, Partisan Politics and Unemployment Insurance Systems, 1870-2010. Comparative Political Studies:1–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414017710269
Sajtos László – Mitev Ariel (2007): SPSS kutatási és adatelemzési kézikönyv. Alinea Kiadó, Budapest.
Sandler, T. (2015): Collective action: fifty years later. Public Choice, Vol. 164, No. 3-4:195–216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-015-0252-0
Schnabel, C. (2002): Determinants of Trade Union Membership. Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Lehrstuhl für Arbeitsmarkt- und Regionalpolitik, Discussion Papers, No. 15.
Schnabel, C. (2013): Union membership and density: Some (not so) stylized facts and challenges. European Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 19, No. 3:255–272. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680113493373
Scruggs, L. (2002): The Ghent System and Union Membership in Europe, 1970-1996. Political Research Quarterly, Vol. 55, No. 2:275–297. https://doi.org/10.2307/3088053
Scruggs, L. – Lange, P. (2002): Where Have All the Members Gone? Globalization, Institutions, and Union Density. The Journal of Politics, Vol. 64, No. 1:126–153. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2508.00121
SZEF-ÉSZT Akadémia (2017): Lehet-e a szakszervezet újra társadalmi mozgalom? SZEF-ÉSZT Akadémia. Értékek és érdekek. https://szefakademia.hu/esemenyek/lehet-a-szakszervezet-ujra-tarsadalmi-mozgalom Letöltés dátuma: 2018.01.20.
Vandaele, K. (2006): A Report from the Homeland of the Ghent System: Unemployment and Union Membership in Belgium. Transfer, Vol. 13, No. 4:647–657. https://doi.org/10.1177/102425890601200417
Van Rie, T. – Marx, I. – Horemans, J. (2011): Ghent revisited: Unemployment insurance and union membership in Belgium and the Nordic countries.
European Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 17, No. 2:125–139. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959680111400895
Visser, J. (2016a): ICTWSS Database, version 5.1. Amsterdam: Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Labour Studies (AIAS), University of Amsterdam, September 2016, [Online], Open access database at: http://uva-aias.net/en/ictwss, Letöltés dátuma: 2018.01.20.
Visser, J. (2016b): ICTWSS Database Version 5.1 – September 2016 –CODEBOOK, [Online]: https://aias.s3-eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/website/uploads/1475058325774ICTWSS-Codebook_Version-5.1_20160926.pdf, Letöltés dátuma: 2018.01.20.
Williamson, C. R. (2009): Informal institutions rule: institutional arrangements and economic performance. Public Choice, Vol. 39, No. 3-4:371–387. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-009-9399-x
Worker-participation.eu (2016): National Industrial Relations. Compare countries. http://www.worker-participation.eu/National-Industrial-Relations/Compare-Countries?countries%5B%5D=157&countries%5B%5D=262&countries%5B%5D=357&countries%5B%5D=2638&countries%5B%5D=368&fields%5B%5D=6, Letöltés dátuma: 2018. 02.21.