Articles
Relationship between zinc and cadmium contents and cultivating conditions of gourmet and medicinal mushroom Agaricus subrufescens
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December 19, 2019
https://doi.org/10.31421/IJHS/25/3-4/3096
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Copyright (c) 2020 International Journal of Horticultural Science
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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Jasinska, A., Wojciechowska, E., Stoknes, K., Siwulski, M., Mleczek, M., & Niedzielski , P. (2019). Relationship between zinc and cadmium contents and cultivating conditions of gourmet and medicinal mushroom Agaricus subrufescens. International Journal of Horticultural Science, 25(3-4), 21-27. https://doi.org/10.31421/IJHS/25/3-4/3096
Abstract
Almoust half of the world’s population is at risk for inadequate zinc (Zn) intake, a strategic trace element that is necessary for a healthy immune system. A lack of zinc can make a person more susceptible to disease and illness. There is a need of defining additional sources of zinc in diet. Cadmium (Cd), however, and its toxicity in food chain receives considerable public and scientific attention. Cd is primarily toxic to kidney and can cause bone demineralization. In many areas in the EU, intake of Cd is not far from maximum tolerable. Mushrooms are well known for accumulating metal ions such as zinc and cadmium. Objective of this study was to define relationship between cultivation systems and conditions on zinc and cadmium content in fruit bodies of Agaricus subrufescens grown on different substrates. Cultivation was performed on mushroom composts based on increasing amount of digestate from anaerobic digestion treatment processes mixed with wheat straw and paper. The Zn and Cd concentration was defined in fruiting bodies, correlated with yield, flush and element concentration in substrates. Results showed percentage of food waste digestate and other components used in experiment had influence on concentration of Zn and Cd in mushroom compost and in A. subrufescens. Zn accumulated in collected mushrooms in amounts reaching from 42.8 to 126.9 mg kg-1 Cd content ranged 2.6 to 17.9 mg kg-1. Significant correlations for Zn concentration between mushrooms and substrates showed increase of Zn in mushrooms when cultivated on substrates with higher amount of digestate.
References
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Endo, M., Beppu, H., Akiyama, H., Wakamatsu, K., Ito, S., Kawamoto, Y., Shimpo, T., Koike, T., Matsui, T. (2010): Agaritine purified from Agaricus blazei Murrill exerts antitumor activity against leukemic cells. BBA-General Subjects: 1800(7):669-673.
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Fan, Q.S., Wei, H., Xie, J.J. (1995) : Effect of Flamulina velutipes cultured in zinc enriched medium on the learning ability and immunological function of mice. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica: 17; 89–91.
Govasmark, E., Stäb, J., Holen, B., Hoornstra, D., Nesbakk, T., Salkinoja-Salonen, M. (2011): Chemical and microbiological hazards associated with recycling of anaerobic digested residue intended for agricultural use. Waste Management: 31(12):2577-2583.
Gyorfi, J., Geosel, A., Vetter, J. (2010): Mineral Composition of different strains of edible medicinal mushroom Agaricus subrufescens Peck. Journal of Medicinal Food: 13(6):1510–1514
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Huang, J.C., Li, K.B., Yu, Y.R., Wu, H.W., Liu, D.L. (2008): Cadmium accumulation in Agaricus blazei Murrill. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture: 88:1369–1375.
Işıloğlu, M., Yılmaz, F., Merdivan, M. (2001) : Concentrations of trace elements in wild edible mushrooms. Food Chemistry: 73:163–175.
Ishii, P.L., Prado, C.K., Mauro, M.D., Carreira, C.M., Mantovani, M.S., Ribeiro, L.R, Dichi, J.B., Oliviera, R.J. (2011): Evaluation of Agaricus blazei in vivo for antigenotoxic, anticarcinogenic, phagocytic and immunomodulatory activities. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology: 59:412-422.
Kalac, P. (2010): Trace element contents in European species of wild growing edible mushrooms: a review for the period 2000–2009. Food Chemistry: 122:2–15
Kalač, P., Svoboda, L., Havlíčková, B. (2004): Contents of cadmium and mercury in edible mushrooms. Journal of Applied Biomedicine: 2:15-20.
Kaur, K., Gupta, R., Saraf, S.A., Saraf, S.K. (2014): Zinc: the metal of life. Comprehensive Reviews. Food Science and Food Safety. 13(4): 358-376.
Jasińska, A.J., Wojciechowska, E., Stoknes, K., Krzesiński, W., Spiżewski, T., Krajewska, K. (2016) : Mushroom cultivation on substrates with addition of anaerobically digested food waste. International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS), Leuven, Belgium. 199-206.
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Lisiecka, J., Sobieralski, K., Siwulski, M., Jasinska, A. (2013): Almond mushroom Agaricus brasiliensis (Wasser et al.) –properties and culture conditions. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Hortorum Cultus: 12(1):27-40.
Melgar, M.J., Alonso, J., García, M.A. (2016): Cadmium in edible mushrooms from NW Spain: bioconcentration factors and consumer health implications. Food and Chemical Toxicology: 88, 13-20.
Mattilsynet m. Rapport Juli (2008): Rester av plantevernmidler i vegetabilske næringsmidler (English Summary). Available:.
Oliveira Lima, C.U.J., de Almeida Cordova, C.O., de Toledo, N.O., Funghetto, S.S., de Oliveira, G., Karnikowski, M. (2011): Does the Agaricus blazei Murill mushroom have properties that affect the immune system? An Integrative Review. Journal of Medicinal Food: 14:2–8
Osis, D., Kramer, L., Wiatrowski, E., Spencer, H. (1972): Dietary zinc intake in man. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 25(6): 582-588.
Ouzouni, P.K., Petridis, D., Koller, W.D., Riganakos, K.A. (2009): Nutritional value and metal content of wild edible mushrooms collected from west Macedonia and Epirus, Greece. Food Chemistry. 115:1575–1580
Roohani, N., Hurrell, R., Kelishadi, R., Schulin, R. (2013) : Zinc and its importance for human health: an integrative review. Journal of Research Medical Sciences: The Official Journal of Isfahan University Of Medical Sciences : 18(2):144.
Rzymski, P., Mleczek, M., Siwulski, M., Jasińska, A., Budka, A., Niedzielski, P., Kalac, P., Gąsecka, M., Budzyńska, S. (2017) : Multielemental analysis of fruit bodies of three cultivated commercial Agaricus species. Journal of Composition and Analysis : 59:170-178.
Stoknes, K., Beyer, D.M., Norgaard, E. (2013): Anaerobically Digested food waste in compost for Agaricus bisporus and Agaricus subrufescens and its effect on mushroom productivity. Journal of the Science and Food Agriculture: 93:2188–2200.
Stoknes, K., Scholwin, F., Krzesiński, W., Wojciechowska, E., Jasińska, A. (2016): Efficiency of a novel ‘‘Food to Waste to Food” system including anaerobic digestion of food waste and cultivation of vegetables on digestate in a bubble-insulated greenhouse. Waste Management: 56:466-476, Doi: 10.1016/J.Wasman.2016.06.027
Stoknes, K., Scholwin, F., Jasińska, A., Wojciechowska, E., Mleczek, M., Hanc, A., Niedzielski, P. (2019): Cadmium mobility in a circular food-to-waste-to-food system and the use of a cultivated mushroom (Agaricus subrufescens) as a remediation agent. Journal of Environmental Management: 245: 48-54.
Straatsma, G., Gerrits, J.P.G., Thissen, J.T.N.M., Amsing, J.G.M., Loeffen, H., Van Griensven, L.J.L.D (2000): Adjustment of the composting process for mushroom cultivation based on initial substrate composition. Bioresource Technology: 72:67–74.
Sun, L., Liu, G., Yang, M., Zhuang, Y. (2012): Bioaccessibility of cadmium in fresh and cooked Agaricus blazei Murill assessed by in vitro biomimetic digestion system. Food and Chemical Toxicology: 50(5):1729–1733, Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Fct.2012.02.044.
Thomet, U., Vogel, E., Krähenbühl, U. (1999): The uptake of cadmium and zinc by mycelia and their accumulation in mycelia and fruiting bodies of edible mushrooms. European Food Research and Technology: 209(5):317-324.
Wasser, S.P., Didukh, M.Y., Amazonas, M.A.L, Nevo, E., Stamets, P., Eira, A.F. (2002): Is a widely cultivated culinary-medicinal royal sun Agaricus (The Himematsutake Mushroom) indeed Agaricus Blazei Murrill? International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms: 4:267–290.
World Health Organization (1982): Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants. 26th report of the Joint of FAO/WHO Expert Committee of Food Additives. WHO Technical Report Series. 683. Geneva.
Zhou, J.L. (2002): Zn biosorption by Rhizopus arrhizus and other fungi. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology: 51:686–693.
Zou, X. (2005): Effects of Zn supplementation on the growth, amino acid composition, polysaccharide yields and anti-tumour activity of Agaricus brasiliensis. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology: 21(3):261-264.
Bano, Z., Nagaraja, K., Vibhakar, S., Kapur, O.P. (1981) : Mineral and the heavy metal contents in the sporophores of Pleurotus species. Mushroom Newsletter Tropics : 2: 3–7
Blume, H.B., Brümmer, G.W., Horn, R. (1992): Scheffer/Schachtschabel: Lehrbuch Der Bodenkunde: Enke, Stuttgart, Germany.
Chiew, Y. L., Spångberg, J., Baky, A., Hansson, P. A., Jönsson, H. (2015): Environmental impact of recycling digested food waste as a fertilizer in agriculture—a case study. Resources, Conservation and Recycling: 95:1-14.
Collin-Hansen, C., Andersen, R.A., Steinnes, E. (2005): Damage to DNA and lipids in Boletus edulis exposed to heavy metals. Mycological Research; 109:1386–1396
Deng, B.W., Chen, W.Q. (2003): Study on accumulation of zinc in Polyporus umbellate in liquid culture. Edible Fungi of China: 22:33–35.
Dèportes, I., Benoit-Guyod, J.L., Zmirou, D. (1995): Hazard to man and the environment posed by the use of urban waste compost: a review. Science of Total Environment:172:197–222.
Endo, M., Beppu, H., Akiyama, H., Wakamatsu, K., Ito, S., Kawamoto, Y., Shimpo, T., Koike, T., Matsui, T. (2010): Agaritine purified from Agaricus blazei Murrill exerts antitumor activity against leukemic cells. BBA-General Subjects: 1800(7):669-673.
Falandysz, J., Borovička, J. (2013): Macro and trace mineral constituents and radionuclides in mushrooms: health benefit and risks. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology: 97:477–501. Doi:10.1007/S00253-012-4552-8
Fan, Q.S., Wei, H., Xie, J.J. (1995) : Effect of Flamulina velutipes cultured in zinc enriched medium on the learning ability and immunological function of mice. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica: 17; 89–91.
Govasmark, E., Stäb, J., Holen, B., Hoornstra, D., Nesbakk, T., Salkinoja-Salonen, M. (2011): Chemical and microbiological hazards associated with recycling of anaerobic digested residue intended for agricultural use. Waste Management: 31(12):2577-2583.
Gyorfi, J., Geosel, A., Vetter, J. (2010): Mineral Composition of different strains of edible medicinal mushroom Agaricus subrufescens Peck. Journal of Medicinal Food: 13(6):1510–1514
Haeflein, K.A., Rasmussen, A.I. (1977): Zinc content of selected foods. Journal of American Dietetic Associacion. 70(6): 610–616.
Huang, J.C., Li, K.B., Yu, Y.R., Wu, H.W., Liu, D.L. (2008): Cadmium accumulation in Agaricus blazei Murrill. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture: 88:1369–1375.
Işıloğlu, M., Yılmaz, F., Merdivan, M. (2001) : Concentrations of trace elements in wild edible mushrooms. Food Chemistry: 73:163–175.
Ishii, P.L., Prado, C.K., Mauro, M.D., Carreira, C.M., Mantovani, M.S., Ribeiro, L.R, Dichi, J.B., Oliviera, R.J. (2011): Evaluation of Agaricus blazei in vivo for antigenotoxic, anticarcinogenic, phagocytic and immunomodulatory activities. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology: 59:412-422.
Kalac, P. (2010): Trace element contents in European species of wild growing edible mushrooms: a review for the period 2000–2009. Food Chemistry: 122:2–15
Kalač, P., Svoboda, L., Havlíčková, B. (2004): Contents of cadmium and mercury in edible mushrooms. Journal of Applied Biomedicine: 2:15-20.
Kaur, K., Gupta, R., Saraf, S.A., Saraf, S.K. (2014): Zinc: the metal of life. Comprehensive Reviews. Food Science and Food Safety. 13(4): 358-376.
Jasińska, A.J., Wojciechowska, E., Stoknes, K., Krzesiński, W., Spiżewski, T., Krajewska, K. (2016) : Mushroom cultivation on substrates with addition of anaerobically digested food waste. International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS), Leuven, Belgium. 199-206.
Lin, C. Y., Guo, H. Y., Chu, C. L., Lee, I. H., Pai, H. L., Shih, H. D. (2010): Factors affecting the amount of cadmium accumulated in culinary-medicinal royal sun agaricus, Agaricus brasiliensis s. Wasser et al. (agaricomycetideae), during cultivation. International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, 12(4).
Lisiecka, J., Sobieralski, K., Siwulski, M., Jasinska, A. (2013): Almond mushroom Agaricus brasiliensis (Wasser et al.) –properties and culture conditions. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Hortorum Cultus: 12(1):27-40.
Melgar, M.J., Alonso, J., García, M.A. (2016): Cadmium in edible mushrooms from NW Spain: bioconcentration factors and consumer health implications. Food and Chemical Toxicology: 88, 13-20.
Mattilsynet m. Rapport Juli (2008): Rester av plantevernmidler i vegetabilske næringsmidler (English Summary). Available:
Oliveira Lima, C.U.J., de Almeida Cordova, C.O., de Toledo, N.O., Funghetto, S.S., de Oliveira, G., Karnikowski, M. (2011): Does the Agaricus blazei Murill mushroom have properties that affect the immune system? An Integrative Review. Journal of Medicinal Food: 14:2–8
Osis, D., Kramer, L., Wiatrowski, E., Spencer, H. (1972): Dietary zinc intake in man. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 25(6): 582-588.
Ouzouni, P.K., Petridis, D., Koller, W.D., Riganakos, K.A. (2009): Nutritional value and metal content of wild edible mushrooms collected from west Macedonia and Epirus, Greece. Food Chemistry. 115:1575–1580
Roohani, N., Hurrell, R., Kelishadi, R., Schulin, R. (2013) : Zinc and its importance for human health: an integrative review. Journal of Research Medical Sciences: The Official Journal of Isfahan University Of Medical Sciences : 18(2):144.
Rzymski, P., Mleczek, M., Siwulski, M., Jasińska, A., Budka, A., Niedzielski, P., Kalac, P., Gąsecka, M., Budzyńska, S. (2017) : Multielemental analysis of fruit bodies of three cultivated commercial Agaricus species. Journal of Composition and Analysis : 59:170-178.
Stoknes, K., Beyer, D.M., Norgaard, E. (2013): Anaerobically Digested food waste in compost for Agaricus bisporus and Agaricus subrufescens and its effect on mushroom productivity. Journal of the Science and Food Agriculture: 93:2188–2200.
Stoknes, K., Scholwin, F., Krzesiński, W., Wojciechowska, E., Jasińska, A. (2016): Efficiency of a novel ‘‘Food to Waste to Food” system including anaerobic digestion of food waste and cultivation of vegetables on digestate in a bubble-insulated greenhouse. Waste Management: 56:466-476, Doi: 10.1016/J.Wasman.2016.06.027
Stoknes, K., Scholwin, F., Jasińska, A., Wojciechowska, E., Mleczek, M., Hanc, A., Niedzielski, P. (2019): Cadmium mobility in a circular food-to-waste-to-food system and the use of a cultivated mushroom (Agaricus subrufescens) as a remediation agent. Journal of Environmental Management: 245: 48-54.
Straatsma, G., Gerrits, J.P.G., Thissen, J.T.N.M., Amsing, J.G.M., Loeffen, H., Van Griensven, L.J.L.D (2000): Adjustment of the composting process for mushroom cultivation based on initial substrate composition. Bioresource Technology: 72:67–74.
Sun, L., Liu, G., Yang, M., Zhuang, Y. (2012): Bioaccessibility of cadmium in fresh and cooked Agaricus blazei Murill assessed by in vitro biomimetic digestion system. Food and Chemical Toxicology: 50(5):1729–1733, Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Fct.2012.02.044.
Thomet, U., Vogel, E., Krähenbühl, U. (1999): The uptake of cadmium and zinc by mycelia and their accumulation in mycelia and fruiting bodies of edible mushrooms. European Food Research and Technology: 209(5):317-324.
Wasser, S.P., Didukh, M.Y., Amazonas, M.A.L, Nevo, E., Stamets, P., Eira, A.F. (2002): Is a widely cultivated culinary-medicinal royal sun Agaricus (The Himematsutake Mushroom) indeed Agaricus Blazei Murrill? International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms: 4:267–290.
World Health Organization (1982): Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants. 26th report of the Joint of FAO/WHO Expert Committee of Food Additives. WHO Technical Report Series. 683. Geneva.
Zhou, J.L. (2002): Zn biosorption by Rhizopus arrhizus and other fungi. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology: 51:686–693.
Zou, X. (2005): Effects of Zn supplementation on the growth, amino acid composition, polysaccharide yields and anti-tumour activity of Agaricus brasiliensis. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology: 21(3):261-264.