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• GÉZA JUHÁSZ, PROFESSOR OF PHILOSOPHY, THE RECTOR MAGNIFICUS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN DURING THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1950/51.

  22-35

  Endre Bakó

  Views:

  112

  . In the 1920s and the 1930s, Géza Juhász, a secondary-school teacher, was one of the leading spokesmen of the literary culture of Debrecen. He caught the attention of an interested group of followers and admirers through a considerable output of poetic material, as well as through creating and publishing a body of and the organization of literary projects. His challenging attitude to the political elite of the day made him a supporter of a left-wing ideology. In was primarily due to this latter fact that very soon (November 1945) after the termination of World War Two he was appointed full professor of Hungarian Literature, then in 1950 – sometimes even circumventing standing rules – he was made Rector of the university. His activities as Rector were overshadowed by the tragic events of the communist takeover, in which his leadership was determined by strict regulations and also well-defined expectations – the constant voicing of the justification of power and the glorification of political leaders. Géza Juhász tried to fulfill these tasks as expected, thus becoming an active participant in the elimination of university traditions and overshadowing the reputation of his former laudable literary organizer.

• Illyefalvi Vitéz Géza jogászprofesszor, a Debreceni M. Kir. Tisza István Tudományegyetem 1926/27. tanévi rector magnificusa

  5-16

  Mihály Fónai

  Views:

  116

  Géza Illyefalvi Vitéz Law Professor, the Rector Magnificus of István Tisza Hungarian Royal University in Debrecen During the Academic Year of 1926/27. Illyefalvi Vitéz Géza (1871–1931) studied at a university in Budapest, where he obtained a doctorate in law and political sciences. At the end of 1896 he was elected public ordinary professor of the judicial academy in Sárospatak, where he taught administrative law and statistics. He was a professor of the University of Debrecen after its establishment in 1914. In
  1921 he was appointed Dean of the Law Faculty and he was re-elected in 1931. Illyefalvi Vitéz Géza was Rector of the Hungarian Royal Tisza István University of Debrecen in 1926/27, the year when the clinic site was inaugurated, and the laying of the foundation stone of the main building took place. We can say that he was a rector at a destiny-shaping period of the University. He effectively represented the interests of the University, with the help of his contemporary higher education policy and the university development plans of Minister of Education Kunó Klebersberg. Illyefalvi wrote fourteen books and monographs, as well as numerous journal articles. These works are grouped in the two major fields of his interests, statistics and public finance. He also wrote university and judicial academy notes and textbooks.

• PORTRAIT OF DEZSŐ SZABÓ, PROFESSOR OF HISTORY

  38-53

  Attila Marosvári

  Views:

  61

  Dezső Szabó was professor of history at the University of Debrecen for 35 years from 1924 to 1959. He graduated from the University of Budapest with a degree in History and Latin. It was at the instigation of his patron, Henrik Marczali, that he began his research on the Hungarian assemblies of the pre-Mohács period. He also wrote his doctoral dissertation on this topic. Thanks to his excellent academic achievements, he graduated from the university with a royal gold ring of honour (sub auspiciis regis). He taught for many years in secondary schools and in 1912 became a privatdocent at the Budapest University of Science. In February 1924, Governor Miklós Horthy appointed him full professor of medieval and modern (universal) history at the University of Debrecen. At that time, his research was already focused on the Urbarium of Maria Theresa. In 1931 he was elected a corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He published relatively little and concentrated his activities on secondary school teacher training. He was the dean of the Faculty of Humanities for four academic years. He made an invaluable contribution to the reorganisation of university education in 1944. Despite this, he was repeatedly persecuted under the new regime and was only able to retain his chair thanks to the intervention of his influential students. He retired at the age of 77. The second and third volumes of his work, A magyarországi úrbérrendezés története Mária Terézia korában, which is considered the major work of his life, are still awaiting publication.

• ADDITIONAL FEES IN THE ISTVÁN TISZA UNIVERSITY. THE CHANGES OF THE STUDY COSTS ABOVE THE TUTION FEE IN DEBRECEN BETWEEN THE TWO WORLD WARS

  151-174

  Sándor Király

  Views:

  81

  There were two types of study costs in the universities between the two World Wars, one of them was the tution fee, and the other one was the additional fee. The tution fee had been part of the Hungarian educational system since the middle of the 19th century. Those university students whose parents were in low social status with low income could get tution fee discount or exemption because of their financial situation. But in the case of the different kind of additional fees, there were not any discount or excemption because these fees required for the maintenance of several university institution, like university canteen, patient care fund, or the provision fund of the University Council. The system of these additional fees was different in the Hungarian universities, some additional fees were the same, some not. There were difference in the amount of the additional fees too. In this study, we can see the changes of the additional fee system in Debrecen between the two World Wars. All of the additional fees will be presented, for example canteen fee, patient care fund, and the two type of maintenance surcharges which were made due to the influence of the great economic crisis.

• The HISTORY OF THE CLINIC OF NEUROLOGY

  234-252

  László Oláh

  Views:

  107

  The medical training at the Faculty of Medicine of the Debrecen Hungarian Royal University started in 1921. The Department of Mental and Neurological Diseases began its operation in 1921 at the Magoss György Square (current Bem square) under the leadership of László Benedek. The clinic moved to its new building at the Nagyerdő in 1927. László Benedek was succeeded by István Somogyi in 1937, and by Kálmán Sántha in 1938. Sántha’s main merit was the introduction of neurosurgery procedures and the establishment of the neurosurgery unit in Debrecen. He was convicted with fictional political accusations, and exiled to Balassagyarmat in 1951. Although rehabilitated in 1956, he was unable to return to the clinic in Debrecen. While Sántha worked at Balassagyarmat, the clinic was run by Sándor Rusz. Between 1957 and 1967 Pál Juhász had been the director of the clinic, who established a neurosis unit and EEG laboratory. After a two-year transitional period, László Molnár was appointed to be head of the clinic in 1969. Realizing that stroke is a public health issue, he was among the first who established a cerebrovascular unit in Europe. He was succeeded by László Csiba, who led the clinic between 1992 and 2017. The separation of the Department of Neurology and Department of Psychiaty in 1992, as well as the relocation of the Department of Neurology to the Auguszta area took place during his leadership. Professor Csiba established an excellent stroke center, and introduced reperfusion therapies in Debrecen. Currently, the Department of Neurology is headed by László Oláh.

• THE DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY, HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN WAS FOUNDED 100 YEARS AGO.

  175-202

  Miklós Antal

  Views:

  131

  The Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology in collaboration with the Committee for Neuroscience, Cell and Developmental Biology of the Regional Committee of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Debrecen organized a festive symposium celebrating the 100 anniversaries of the Department’s foundation. The symposium was held in the auditorium of the Regional Committee of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Debrecen on the 14^th of October 2021 at 2 PM. Following the opening remarks of László Mátyus, dean of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen and Dóra Reglődi, president of the Hungarian Anatomical Society, present and former staff members of the Department made presentations about the history of the Department and recollected their joyful memories about the everyday life and the stimulating scientific environment of the Department. The former members talked also about the way how their scientific carrier and personal life have been going after living the Department. In this article we make a short summary of the lectures presented on the symposium in the order of the original program.

• Tóth Lajos akadémikus, a polgári jog professzora, a Debreceni m. kir. Tisza István-Tudományegyetem 1934/35. évi Rector Magnificusa

  3 - 22

  Judit Balogh

  Views:

  163

  Lajos Tóth, Professor of Civil Law, the Rector Magnificus of the Hungarian Royal István Tisza University of Debrecen during the academic year 1933/1934. Prof. Dr. Lajos Tóth (1876–1936), Member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, was a professor strongly bound to Debrecen. He was born in Debrecen, he completed his schools there too, and (after studying law in Budapest) he worked at he Faculty of Law from its opening in 1914 until the end of his life. The study gives a summary of his life and professional results as a professor of civil law, but focuses on his role in the administration of the university. His most active period of leadership was the academic year of 1919–20, when in fact he was the leader of the university as vice rector because of the illness of Rector Gyula Kenézy. In addition, he succeeded in completing the justification procedures during the revolutions. Although, he was ill, he was trying to solve his activities as the rector of the university in the academic year of 1934–35. Beside his academic work, he took part in the social politics of Debrecen, too. He was a member of the municipal committee of the city; he was office-holder of the Transtibiscan Reformed Church District for decades. From 1930, he was Senator in the upper house of the Hungarian Parliament, as a representative of the University of Debrecen.

• LAJOS SZODORAY PROFESSOR OF DERMATOLOGY AND DEAN OF THE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN IN 1952-1953

  3-24

  Andrea Szegedi

  Views:

  144

  In the 1952-1953 academic year, Professor Lajos Szodoray managed the independent Medical University of Debrecen as a dean with rectoral powers, then in 1954-1955 he was the academic vice-dean of the University, while between 1961-1964 he was the academic deputy rector. In his young years, he purposefully prepared himself for the task that fate had indeed chosen for him to organize one of the country's leading Dermatology Department, and to develop the necessary conditions of the excellent clinical patient care based on broad theoretical foundations in the institute, as well as the high-level teaching and research work. Lajos Szodoray is the founding figure of the Hungarian dermatology, an internationally renowned scientist, a colourful, warm-hearted individual. He is credited with the first detection and communication of numerous dermatological diseases in Hungary, and had extraordinary merits in the field of textbook writing. Fate gifted Lajos Szodoray with a long creative life for the benefit of Hungarian medicine, matchless work ethic, dynamism, unrelenting diligence, and perseverance throughout his life. In addition to his several decades of activity as a department head and teacher, he completed his professional life by holding leading positions at the University.

• The HISTORY OF THE DECORATIVE BADGES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN

  265-268

  Zsuzsa Béres

  Views:

  144

  This piece of writing looks back to the symbols of the University of Debrecen which are also in use today, emphasizing that the finials on top of the ”gerundiums”, the chains and medals of the dean and rector were made more than 100 years ago: they were made of bronze of cannon which were taken for loot in World War I, recalling that several students and educators of the university fought and died to defend the homeland.

• 85 YEARS OF ENGLISH STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN: ROUND-TABLE DISCUSSION WITH THE PREVIOUS DIRECTORS

  227-248

  Balázs Venkovits

  Views:

  347

  In 2023 the University of Debrecen's Institute of English and American Studies celebrates the 85^th anniversary of the founding of the Department of English and thus the launching of an English studies degree program at the University of Debrecen. The history of the institute and the careers and achievements of its prominent figures have been the subject of a dedicated volume and a number of studies. The aim of the present roundtable is to explore, with the involvement of some of the former directors of the Institute, the less known aspects of its past that are of relevance for the history of the university as well, nuanced by personal recollections, linking the past with the present and the future. The discussion was initiated and moderated by Balázs Venkovits, the current director of the Institute, and involved four former directors, Zoltán Abádi Nagy, István Rácz, Péter Szaffkó and Zsolt Virágos.

• A kolozsvári példa dokumentumok a kolozsvári egyetemi menza működéséről és debreceni kapcsolatáról

  77-92

  Sándor Király

  Views:

  232

  In the Footsteps of Kolozsvár. Documents on Students Work at the University of Debrecen and its Connection with the University of Kolozsvár. It’s a well-known historical fact that the foundation of the students’ canteen in the University of Debrecen was one of the first steps to establish a welfare organization in a hope to support hundreds of students in their studies between the two World Wars in Debrecen. Also widely known that under the guidance of Nándor Láng this students’ canteen gained prosperity. At the
  same time, far less attention has been given to networks and relations in higher education underpinning this initiative. Láng asked assistance and information from the University of Kolozsvár which was the only provincial university in Hungary. The letter of Béla Posta which was written to Nándor Láng in December 20, 1916 and all of the attached documents are very rare and valuable sources of the history in both universities. The paper therefore can be considered as a novelty by giving an insight into the partnership of the University of Debrecen and Kolozsvár.

• ISTVAN CSŰRY, EPOCH-MAKING DIRECTOR OF THE UNIVERSITY AND NATIONAL LIBRARY OF DEBRECEN (1921-1980)

  106-132

  Márta Virágos

  Views:

  335

  István Csűry was one of the most educated people in Hungarian library affairs, with an extensive professional experience, sensitivity towards problems, and also an initiating worker with an unprecedented receptivity to new endeavors. István Csűry’s first and only workplace was the University Library of Debrecen, where after about a decade of working as a librarian, served as director from 1956 until his death, and elevated the institution to a second national library. The study reflects on the library areas where István Csűry has achieved essentially new results.

• Glass Windows of Art Nouveau by Miksa Róth at the Department of reumatology of the University of Debrecen

  Zoltán Szekanecz

  Views:

  234

  Miksa Róth (1865-1944) glass strainer and mosaic artist significantly contributed to the beautiful buildings of the University of Debrecen in the first part of the 20^th century. It is regarded that his most famous work here is the five big glass windows in the Hall of the university that were reconstructed in 2012. Furthermore, he left the result of his artistic work in other buildings of the university. Nevertheless, these works were destroyed nearly without exception. The only exception is the three glass windows, which were discovered in the basement of the Surgery Clinic. They were taken out from there in 2018 and the following study introduces the history of the reconstruction.

• KÁROLY ERDŐS, PROFESSOR OF THEOLOGY THE RECTOR MAGNIFICUS OF THE HUNGARIAN ROYAL ISTVÁN TISZA UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN DURING THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1945/46.

  4-13

  János Csohány

  Views:

  141

  Károly Erdős (1887-1971) began his teaching and research career as a teacher of church history at the Reformed College in Debrecen. After the Faculty of Reformed Theology became part of the university, which began to function in 1914, Erdős became a teacher and later director of the Institute for the Training of Ministers of the Reformed Church. In 1929 he was appointed professor in the New Testament Department of the Tisza István University. As an university professor and pastor, he rendered great service to the city and the Church, both as a teacher and as a scholar. After 1949 he became a professor at the Reformed Theological Academy in Debrecen.

• Bernolák Nándor (1880–1951), a Debreceni M. Kir. Tudományegyetem második rektora

  13-31

  Béla P. Szabó

  Views:

  95

  Nándor Bernolák (1880–1951), the Second Rector of the Hungarian Royal University of Arts and Sciences in Debrecen. As second rector of the Hungarian Royal University of Arts and Sciences, Debrecen, which was launched in 1914, Nándor Bernolák played an important role in shaping the events of the first years. He was a nationally recognized theoretical criminal jurist when he was invited to chair the department of penal law in Debrecen. In addition to an outline of his brief, seven-year, university career, a discussion of his previous professional activities is offered, and the events of his life pertaining both to the early history of the university and to his subsequent political and legal career are highlighted. Professor Bernolák’s reformist initiatives pertaining to criminal law as well as his attempts aimed at the renewal of law training are likewise reviewed. In summary it is stated that Nándor Bernolák excelled both as a criminal jurist and as a university manager. As regards his political career, it turned out to be rather brief and controversial. In view of the fact that he turned his back to his university commitments, we are obliged to consider him as one of those university professors who was lost for Hungarian higher education when they assumed political commitments.

• UNIVERSITY PUBLISHERS TODAY AND YESTERDAY

  154-186

  Erika Mária Soós

  Views:

  174

  The regime change brought about significant changes in the field of book publishing, particularly in the publishing of textbooks and lecture notes. However, even from the 1990s, it is still not easy to find readily available statistical data on the emerging university publishers, their activities, and operations. The work in this direction at domestic universities is far from uniform, both in terms of organization and economic structure, as well as the completed task groups. In this study, I present the environment influencing the currently operating university publishing workshops and publishers, and begin to take stock of them, while also providing a detailed introduction to the Debrecen University Press.

• The Neolatin Greeting Poems of the 17th century Professors of the Calvinist College of Debrecen

  Anna Posta

  Views:

  204

  The neolatin greeting poems of the 17th century professors of the Calvinist College of Debrecen. Contemporary occasional poems provide an excellent insight into the literacy of the early modern protestant intellectuals in Debrecen and the relationship between members: for example greetings, wedding greetings and mortal poems. In the 17th century prints connected to certain members of the intellectuals of Debrecen appeared with a nice number in Hungary and abroad, which were also welcomed by the professors of the Calvinist College in Debrecen. Collegial teachers volumes published in Hungary mostly by Hungarian, while polemical treatises printed abroad by Latin greetings accompanied. In my study I undertake to provide insight into the literacy and relationship system of the professors in Debrecen in the 17th century with detailed philological analysis of some neolatin greetings.

• Bognár Rezső szerves kémikus egyetemi tanár, akadémikus, tudománypolitikus (1913-1990)

  235-240

  Pál Herczegh

  Views:

  107

  rezső bognár, Professor of organic cheMistry, MeMber of the hungarian acadeMy of arts and sciences, scientific adviser. Rezső Bognár was one of the most outstanding students of Géza Zemplén, the irst great educator of organic chemistry in Hungary. When the School of Sciences was established in 1949 at the University of Debrecen, Professor Bognár was appointed head of the Department of Organic Chemistry. As a result of this decision, he became the founding father of organic chemistry work in Debrecen. He
  was soon elected member of the Hungarian Academy of Arts and Sciences and he served for two terms as Rector of Lajos Kossuth University of Arts and Sciences. Professor Bognár was founding president of the Debrecen Academic Committee, which position he held until his death. It was as the result of his nationally recognized public activity that the headquarters in Debrecen of DAB (=the Debrecen Academic Committee) and the Chemistry Building on the Debrecen campus were erected. He also organized the Antibio tic Chemical Research Group of the Hungarian Academy. he researchers of the Bognár school have brought out over 400 scientiic publications and submitted a large number of patents pertaining to the themes of the chemistry of carbohydrates, antibiotics, alkaloids, and lavonoids.His activities in the Hungarian National Assembly and the Hungarian Academy of Arts and Sciences have greatly contributed to the numerous successes of our university.

• Pomáztól Princetonig: Alföldi András élete és munkássága

  11-23

  Tamás Gesztelyi

  Views:

  106

  FROM POMÁZ TO PRINCETON: THE LIFE AND WORK OF ANDRÁS ALFÖLDI. András Alföldi was head of the Department of Ancient History, István Tisza University of Debrecen, from 1923 to 1930. Subsequently he joined the Department of Ancient History and Archaeology of Budapest’s Péter Pázmány University of Arts and Sciences. It is owing to his activity in Debrecen that from his estate two suitcasefuls of correspondence and other personal relics have been obtained by the Department of Classical Philology and Ancient History in Debrecen. Despite the fact that Alföldi spent only a short period of his early years in Debrecen, his internationally recognized activity justiies a more detailed discussion of his life career and professional activity. Before 1947, he primarily focussed on the archaeology of the Carpathian Basin. Subsequently he emigrated to Switzerland, where he taught at the University of Bern and the University of Basel. In 1955 he got an invitation to the Institute of Advanced Studies at Princeton, where he continued to work until his death. Cut of from the archaeological materials of Hungary, he initiated new projects overseas, such as the most substantial problems of early or imperial Rome, respectively. Oicially, the representatives of classical studies in Hungary have started to recognize his work since the 1990s; in 1995, on the occasion of the centenary of his birth, several commemorative sessions were held. One of these was hosted by Debrecen.

• The FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD SCIENCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN TURNS 50

  245-257

  László Stündl

  Views:

  131

  The paper reviews the history of agricultural education in Debrecen from the establishment of the University of Agricultural Sciences in Debrecen in 1970 to the present day. The main focus is on the presentation of the educational activities, showing how the range of courses has broadened in the last five decades. It also highlights the main achievements and future objectives of research and innovation.

• Hankiss János (1893–1959) professzor, tudományszervező és -népszerűsítő

  41-49

  Tivadar Gorilovics

  Views:

  89

  Professor János Hankiss (1893–1959), Organizer and Popularizer of Scholarship. The lecture from which the written essay has evolved, memorializes János Hankiss, the internationally reputed Professor of French of the University of Debrecen by recalling the most significant stages and achievements of his professional teaching and research career, also including his attainments in the organization of scholarship. He started his academic career at the University of Debrecen in 1920. In the distinguished community of his peers who taught at our university between the two world wars, János Hankiss undubitably belonged to the top professionals. If a university’s academic rank is determined not only by its local or national prestige but also by its international recognition and appreciation, then in this latter frame of reference it was perhaps Professor Hankiss who did most to put Debrecen on the map for Europe and beyond. Indeed, he would share his knowledge not only within the confines of the University: he was a popularizer of scholarship and of the literary culture who was ready to move beyond the narrow limits of his immediate professional field and to address a larger audience. Besides, his name is also associated with the still extant quarterly periodical Debreceni Szemle [Debrecen Review] and Debrecen University’s International Summer School.

• The BEST WORKER OF THE UNIVERSITY’S ESTABLISHMENT - IN HE MARGIN OF AN OBITUARY

  145-149

  György Bazsa

  Views:

  208

  Count József Degenfeld took on a decisive role in the establishment of the University of Debrecen on the one hand as the major of Debrecen and on the other hand as the chief guardian of the Trans-Tisza Reformed Diocese. The state university has already expressed its honour symbolically in his life by providing the solemn address as a church official at the inauguration of the reception building in the presence of the royal couple. When he died it issued a special obituary acknowledging him as ”the best worker of the university’s establishment”.

• ALADÁR KETTESY ARRIVED AT THE DEBRECEN OPHTHALMOLOGY CLINIC A HUNDRED YEARS AGO

  229-232

  Ildikó Süveges

  Views:

  121

  The article commemorates Aladár Kettesy, professor of ophthalmology at the University of Debrecen, on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his taking over the management of the Eye Clinic at the University of Debrecen, initially as a trustee. In addition to the achievements in medical and scientific work, the memoir highlights the personality of the professor and emphasises his great importance in the history of ophthalmology in Hungary.

   

• CONSTANT VALUES IN A CHANGING WORLD- 35 YEARS OF THE SÁNTHA KÁLMÁN FACULTY COLLEGE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

  242-352

  Benjámin Regő Baráth

  László Nagy

  Views:

  298

  Student organisations, clubs and associations are always a distinctive and often dominant feature of universities in Hungary and abroad. Their purpose, and sometimes their function, is to cater to students' needs and areas of professional activity not covered by regular education and/or not covered in an orthodox way. The structure of higher education in Hungary, and in particular medical education, is rigid, partly due to the rules of the discipline, with lectures, seminars and practicals organised within a strictly regulated framework, which many believe does not provide sufficient scope to fully meet the dynamically changing needs of students, and thus the latest professional trends and technologies, as well as societal issues. Furthermore, the pressures of a busy curriculum and lack of time often do not allow for immediate reflection, experience, and processing of the challenges of our rapidly changing world. The organizations promoting students’ participation in research and various student-initiated organizations serve to fill this apparent gap and to meet the needs of students and teachers. The most prominent of these, in our opinion, is the Sántha Kálmán Faculty College of Advanced Studies, which has existed at the University of Debrecen and its predecessors for 35 years in an ever-changing form, constantly reborn like a phoenix. In this reminiscence, we are summarising the history of the founding and activities of the Sántha Kálmán Faculty College of Advanced Studies, relying on our own memories and experiences, archived documents, and the detailed accounts of former and current members.

• The UNIVERSITY THEATRE IN FRENCH

  201-215

  Ádám László Kiss

  Views:

  107

  At the University of Debrecen, French-language student acting began with the drama courses held by Judit Lukovszki at the Department of French Studies. As a result of the growing interest the group, whose members were mainly French major students, was given a name in 1985: École des Bouffons. The Bouffons set at least one play on stage every year, made guest appearances at domestic and foreign theatre festivals, and undertook the organization of four theatre meetings between 1998 and 2002 in Debrecen. The Bouffons, apparently at the height of its success, ceased to exist in 2002, the year of the last theatre meeting, due to the lack of the students’ interest. In addition to an outline of the group's history, this paper intends to commemorate the former players