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• Modern Guidelines for Nutrition in Old Age: The Role of Preventive Diets in the Prevention of Chronic Diseases

  Brigitta Horváth

  Attila Péter Szabó

  Orsolya Savella

  Views:

  46

  Increased life expectancy, coupled with declining fertility rates, is leading to a global demographic shift towards an ageing population. The number of older people (aged 60 and over) is expected to more than double by 2050 and more than triple by 2100. From an individual perspective, this is a positive development, but at the societal level it poses a number of challenges in terms of managing people's health, quality of life, and economic circumstances. Although life expectancy is increasing, for many people the quality of life is declining, which can have a negative impact on both health and social institutions. The nutritional needs of older people differ from those of younger people, mainly due to age-related physiological changes. Their calorie requirements may decrease due to slower metabolism and reduced physical activity, but their requirements for certain macro- and micronutrients may increase. With advancing age, the risk of chronic diseases such as cancer, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases increas, as does the risk of osteoporosis, cognitive decline, and disability. In order to maintain health in old age and prevent the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, it is important to reduce the intake of simple carbohydrates (to a maximum of 10% of total carbohydrate intake) and saturated fatty acids (to a maximum of 20–25 g per day), while ensuring adequate protein intake (1.0–1.2 g per kg of body weight) and consuming at least 400 g of fruit and vegetables per day. The salt intake of Hungarian seniors also significantly exceeds the recommended level (instead of 2 g per day, men over 65 consume 6.2 g and women consume 4.7 g), and fluid intake is insufficient, too (the recommended amount is 35 ml per kg of body weight). Among preventive strategies, nutrition is critical, yet it is currently underrepresented in the healthcare system and does not receive sufficient emphasis in care processes. A personalized healthy diet has significant benefits for older adults and can prevent, modify, or improve many age-related diseases and conditions. This review focuses on issues related to the nutrition and nutritional needs of older adults based on the latest guidelines. It also presents the most common complications resulting from poor nutrition and the possibilities for diet therapy.

• The presence of health consciousness in women in relation to menopause

  53-67

  Orsolya Savella

  Attila Czabaji Horváth

  Views:

  155

  The research looked at women's health awareness of a health factor such as menopause. This factor is important because it affects all women and increases their risk of developing diseases that are common in the national population. The questions of the pilot study were: How does health awareness about menopause appear in women? How does health awareness in the study area affect the intention to change behaviour? The two lectures on this topic provided the framework for the questionnaire survey. The responses of 18 volunteers were processed using simple descriptive statistical calculations. The results obtained indicate that exposure to the topic has a positive influence on both health awareness and health-conscious behaviour change intention in informal learning.

• Egészségügyi érintettség, mint tanulási motiváció a menopauza témájában

  169-170

  Orsolya Savella

  Attila Czabaji Horváth

  Views:

  135

  Nők esetében az idősödés folyamatának kezdetével - az áthajlás korával 50 éves kortól - átlagosan szinte egyidőben jelenik meg a menopauza - 51,2 év - is. Az emberi szervezet elöregedése, valamint a menopauza általános egészségi állapotot befolyásoló tényezők. Külön - külön is növelhetik a rizikóját egyes betegségek kialakulási esélyének, együttes hatásuk esetén pedig meglévő betegségek tüneteit is fokozhatják.