Articles

Mitigating the negative effects of suburbanisation in debrecen with a new form of public transport, the tram-train

Published:
2025-12-31
Authors
View
Keywords
License

Copyright (c) 2025 Márton Zsombor Havasi, Andrea Karcagi-Kováts

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How To Cite
Selected Style: APA
Havasi, M. Z., & Karcagi-Kováts, A. (2025). Mitigating the negative effects of suburbanisation in debrecen with a new form of public transport, the tram-train. Economica, 16(3-4), 125-138. https://doi.org/10.47282/economica/2025/16/3-4/16114
Abstract

Debrecen has an extensive agglomeration area due to suburbanisation and ongoing developments, which is creating increasing road traffic problems. The need to improve transport infrastructure is unquestionable. The tram-train is a modern form of public transport, which would serve both the city and the suburbs of Debrecen, by providing transport within the city and between settlements. The objective of my research is to assess - from an ecological point of view only - whether it is worthwhile to build a tram-train system in Debrecen. Therefore, I had to study the traffic in the suburbs of Debrecen, which I determined using cross-sectional traffic counts and the staining method.

References
  1. [1] Bajmócy, P. – Györki, A. (2012): A szuburbanizáció virágkora és hanyatlása Magyarországon. Településföldrajzi Tanulmányok. Issue 1. Volume 2. pp. 1-17.
  2. [2] Bartus G. – Szalai Á. (2014): Környezet, jog, közgazdaságtan. Pázmány Press, Budapest, 375p
  3. [3] Boray, T. – Hegazi, M. – Hoffrichter, A. – Lovegrove, G. (2024): Technical Feasibility of a Hydrail Tram–Train in NA: Okanagan Valley Electric Regional Passenger Rail (OVER PR). Sustainability. Issue 16. Volume 3042. pp 1-18.
  4. [4] Calthrope, P. (1993): The Next American Metropolis: Ecology, Community, and the American Dream, Princton Architectural Press, New York, 175p
  5. [5] Cervero, R. (2006): Office Development, Rail Transit, and Commuting Choices. Journal of Public Transportation. Volume 9. Issue 5. pp. 41-55.
  6. [6] Crosbee, D. – Allen, P. (2015): Development of a Tram-Train wheel profile for dual-operation running. pp. 1-16. In: I. International IMechE Stephenson Conference. University of Huddersfield Repository, London, április 21-23.
  7. [7] Debrecen Megyei Jogú Város – Teqtos Kft. (2023): Debrecen Fenntartható Városi Mobilitási Terve (2024), https://felho10.debrecen.hu/index.php/s/gCPN77ddqgjadgw?dir=undefined&openfile=960649, (letöltve: 2024.10.03)
  8. [8] Debrecen Megyei Jogú Város (2023): DEBRECEN SMART CITY STRATÉGIÁJA, Debrecen Megyei Jogú Város, Debrecen 64p
  9. [9] EDC Debrecen Nonprofit (2023): do Fenntartható Városfejlesztési Stratégiája 2021-2027 Megalapozó vizsgálata, https://www.debrecen.hu/assets/media/file/hu/46592/debrecen_megyei_jogu_varos_onkormanyzatanak_fenntarthato_varosfejlesztesi_strategiaja_2021-2027_megalapozo_munkaresz.pdf, (letöltve: 2024.10.03)
  10. [10] Enyedi, Gy. (2011): A városnövekedésszakaszai – újragondolva. Tér és Társadalom. Volume 25. Issue 1. pp 5-19.
  11. [11] Erdős F. (2004): Európa közlekedése és a regionális fejlődés. Dialóg Campus Kiadó, Budapest, Pécs, 640p
  12. [12] European Commisson, CORDIS EU research results (2022): Transit Oriented Development (TOD) for Inclusive and Sustainable Rural-Urban Regions. https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/956030 (letöltve:2024.01.26.)
  13. [13] Eurostat (2024): Passenger mobility statistics, Passenger car occupancy, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Passenger_mobility_statistics#Passenger_car_occupancy, (letöltve: 2024.10.07)
  14. [14] Feudo, F.L. – Festa, C.D. (2012): A tram-train system to connect the urban area of Cosenza to its province: A simulation model of transport demand modal split and a territorial analysis to idenetify adapted transit oriented development prospects. Building the urban future and transit oriented development. HAL open science (hal-00734634). https://hal.science/hal-00734634/document, (letöltve:2023.09.17.)
  15. [15] Feudo, F.L. (2014): How to build an alternative to sprawl and auto-centric development model through a TOD scenario for the North-Pas-de-Calais region? Lessons from an integrated transportation-land use modelling. Transportation Research Procedia. Volume 4. pp. 154-177.
  16. [16] Fontaras, G. – Zacharof, N-K. – Ciuffo, B. (2017): Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions from passenger cars in Europe – Laboratory versus real-world emissions. Pregress in Enregy and Combustion Science. Volume 60. pp. 97-131.
  17. [17] Gruyter, D. C. – Currie G. – Rose, G. (2017): Sustainability Measures of Urban Public Transport in Cities: A World Review and Focus on the Asia/Middle East Region. Sustainability. Volume 9. Issue 1. Article 43.
  18. [18] King, D. (2011): Developing densely: Estimating the effect of subway growth on New York City land uses. Journal of Transport and Land Use. Volume 4. Issue 2. pp. 19-32.
  19. [19] KSH (2011): 2011. ÉVI NÉPSZÁMLÁLÁS 3. Területi adatok 3.9. Hajdú-Bihar megye, https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xftp/idoszaki/nepsz2011/nepsz_03_09_2011.pdf, (letöltve: 2024.09.26)
  20. [20] KSH (2014): Magyarország településhálózata 1., Agglomerációk, településegyüttesek, https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xftp/idoszaki/mo_telepuleshalozata/agglomeracio.pdf, (letöltve: 2024.09.26)
  21. [21] KSH (2022): Népszámlálás 2022, https://nepszamlalas2022.ksh.hu/, (letöltve: 2024.09.26)
  22. [22] KSH (2024): A közúti gépjárművek száma vármegye és régió szerint, https://www.ksh.hu/stadat_files/sza/hu/sza0040.html, (letöltve: 2024.09.26.)
  23. [23] KSH (2024): A személygépkocsi-állomány átlagos kora gyártmányok szerint, https://www.ksh.hu/stadat_files/sza/hu/sza0026.html, (letöltve: 2024.09.26)
  24. [24] KSH (2024): A személygépkocsi-állomány gyártmány és üzemanyag-felhasználás szerint, https://www.ksh.hu/stadat_files/sza/hu/sza0025.html, (letöltve: 2024.09.26)
  25. [25] Lenzsér L. – Reider L. (2017): Közlekedés-Gazdaságtan és Marketing Ismeretek. Műszaki könyvkiadó, Budapest, 215p
  26. [26] Lenzsér L. – Reider L. (2017): Közlekedési Alapismeretek. Műszaki könyvkiadó, Piliscsév, Budapest, 392p
  27. [27] Levinson, D. (2008): Density and dispersion: the co-development of land use and rail in London. Journal of Economic Geography. Volume 8. pp. 55-77.
  28. [28] Makarova, I. – Pashkevich, A. – Shubenkova, K. (2017): Ensuring Sustainability of Public Transport System through Rational Management. Procedia Engineering. Volume 178. pp. 137-164.
  29. [29] Metelka, S. – Janoš, V. (2021): PREREQUISITES OF THE SUCCESSFUL TRAM-TRAIN SYSTEM AS A PART OF THE REGIONAL RAILWAY NETWOR. pp. 431-439. In: VI. International Conferenceon Road and Rail Infrastructure, Zágráb, május 20-21.
  30. [30] Nagy, Gy. – Hegedűs,T. (2016): Urban sprawl or/and suburbanisation? The case of Zalaegerszeg. Belvedere Meridionale. Volume 28. pp 106–119.
  31. [31] Nemzetközi Energia Ügynökség (IEA) – Vasutak Nemzetközi Szövetsége (UIC) (2017): Railway Handbook 2017, IEA, Párizs, 119p
  32. [32] Noussan. M, – Campisi, E, – Jarre. M, (2022): Carbon Intensity of Passenger Transport Modes: A Review of Emission Factors, Their Variability and the Main Drivers. Sustainability. Volume 16. Issue 17. Article 10652. pp. 1-16.
  33. [33] Padeiro, M. – Louro, A. – Costa, N. M. d. (2019): Transit-oriented development and gentrification: a systematic review. Transport Reviews. Volume 39. Issue 6. pp 733-754.
  34. [34] Pengjun, Z. – Shengxiao, L. (2018): Suburbanization, land use of TOD and lifestyle mobility in the suburbs: An examination of passengers' choice to live, shop and entertain in the metro station areas of Beijing. Journal of Transport and Land Use. Volume 11. Issue 1. pp. 195-215.
  35. [35] Potěšil, T. – Moloková, T. (2006): The tram-train system application in Olomouc region. Scientific papers of the University of Pardubice, Series B, The Jan Perner Transport Faculty. Issue 12. pp. 91-102.
  36. [36] Ritchie, H. (2023): Which form of transport has the smallest carbon footprint?, OurWorldinData.org., https://ourworldindata.org/travel-carbon-footprint#article-citation, (letöltve: 2024.10.)
  37. [37] Thomas, R. – Pojani, D. – Lenferink S. – Bertolini, L. – Stead, D. – Krabben, E. v. d. (2018): Is transit-oriented development (TOD) an internationally transferable policy concept?. Regional Studies. Volume 52. Issue 9. pp 1201-1213.
  38. [38] Wang, Z. – Chena, F. – Fujiyamac, T. (2015): Carbon emission from urban passenger transportation in Beijing. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. Volume 41. pp. 217-227.