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• The probable impact of policies and policy measures on globalisation

  49-72

  Miklós Losoncz

  Views:

  162

  This paper aims to identify the impact of the recent economic and non-economic shocks on the globalisation of trade in terms of trade policy and structural openness, and to take a side in the discussion about the reversal, the slowdown, and the continuation of trade globalisation. The report argues that geopolitical decisions based on pure political priorities and different macro- and micro-policies may
  harm trade globalisation temporarily. Nevertheless, in the long run, underlying
  economic factors, such as decreasing trade costs and expanding services trade remain the critical driving forces of globalisation. The speed of the process is likely
  to be slower than before, and its characteristics are different. With weakening multilateralism and increasing fragmentation, the emerging global world order will be suboptimal from the point of view of economic efficiency. 

  Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes: F01, F02, F13, F60.

• Living memories of the past? The new wave of redistribution at the turn of the millenium

  83-104

  Eva Voszka

  Views:

  110

  Redistribution within the economy and the state owned companies subsidized by the government have become a major field of economics policy. The view of the daily press is misleading: it is not a brand new phenomenon. Redistribution was present during the whole transformation of the economy. The article analyses the distinctive features of a new wave started at the turn of the millennium and the central position of private enterprises showing the various methods, the ideologies providing their background and the driving forces. According to the article the factor and basic motivation of redistribution are independent of the political orientation of the ruling governments, it is only their approaches that vary. The support of domestic private enterprises is a failure concerning the direct political aims. Anf from sociological aspects it supports the old attitudes of the planned economy. We could not show clearly favourable economic effects but their chance depends on the method of redistribution. The conclusion of the article: the best support is the decrease of subsidies and the changing of the general economic possibilities into favourable ones for the players in the economy.

• The Actual Experiences of SME Lending

  70-96

  Zsolt Zsombori

  Views:

  300

  This paper is intended to show the quantitative research results of an actual survey conducted within 82 active SMEs in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County. The sample of participants was selected by a two-step combined sampling method resulting in a nonrepresentative, but still useable data collection. The survey especially focused on identifying and ranking SME pressing factors, identifying and ranking credit prohibiting factors from the viewpoint of SMEs, identifying the actual financial preferences of SMEs with special attention to subsidized credits and non-refundable subsidies. It gives actuality to most of the aforementioned questions that currently even the Central Bank of Hungary pays attention to boost the crediting activity by its Funding for Growth Schemes (FGS).

  Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes: G30, G32, G39