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A multi-level approach for the research background of subjective health condition in view of social inequalities
13-25Views:646In Hungary, as well as worldwide, one of the main objects of health sociology research is social inequality, focusing mainly on the inequalities stemming from health conditions. The main question is where and how these inequalities appear and evolve during the whole life-history, and how they sustain. In modern societies these differences clearly appear in the markers of health conditions like subjective well-being. The rate of inequalities are defined by essential sociocultural and sociodemographic variables like residual environment, geographical location, age or gender. A very important attribute of social research is to examine these phenomena on different stages and from various aspects. In my study I investigate these stages and aspects using the relevant theoretical literature.
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Gondoskodási tőke, egészség-egyenlőtlenségek - a gondoskodás fogalom szerepe az egészség társadalmi determinánsainak elemzésében
6-31Views:253Care is a key concept in different interpretations of health, illness and cure, and it has a major influence on various fields of research in medical and health sociology. Nevertheless it has yet to evolve into a well-established conceptual framework in these areas. Therefore in this paper we explore how care as a social determinant of health impacts health outcomes, and how concepts of social determinants of care enhance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and pathways. We place TEAM-ECD framework at the centre of our analysis, because care is conceived of neither as a factor of inequality its own right, nor as a source of health inequalities by other frameworks that are in use in this field. We aim to fill these gaps by incorporating few approaches of care inequalities into the above-mentioned framework for the social determinants of healthy early childhood development.
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Lifestyle and socio-economic inequalities in diabetes prevalence in Madadeni Township, South Africa
5-21Views:225Rapid urbanization, social inequalities, sedentary lifestyles, and unhealthy eating habits are contributing factors to the increasing prevalence of diabetes in South Africa. Data was collected from 99 residents in Madadeni, South Africa. The analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) V.29. The sample had a mean age of 67.4±9.4 years, with 73.74% females and 26.26% males. Majority had Grade 10 as their highest level of education (31.31%) and were retired (51.52%). The average number of household members was 6.35±2.57. The average estimated total income was R5681.82±R2585.73 per month, with 2.13±0.92 members contributing to household income. Majority (72.72%) had T2DM, while 27.27% had T1DM. The quantitative results highlight the importance of increasing awareness and providing health education to empower the affected population with self-management knowledge.
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Tudás, hozzáférés, esélyek: Az egészség-információ értelmezésének társadalmi tényezői egy panelkutatás tanulságai alapján
65-82Views:199Introduction: Health literacy is the ability to access, understand, and apply health-related information for informed decision-making.
Methods: Our study, based on data from a Hungarian panel survey, examines health literacy levels with a focus on the impact of age, educational attainment, income, and digital access.
Results: Results show that individuals with lower education, poorer financial status, and limited digital access face greater difficulties in interpreting health information.
Summary: Social inequalities in health literacy underline the need for clear communication and targeted educational interventions to promote health equity and improve individuals' ability to make informed health-related decisions. -
Changes in the main dimensions of quality of life in Nyíregyháza
20-64Views:275The Quality-of-Life Research Group of the University of Debrecen Faculty of Health Sciences has been examining various dimensions of the quality of life of the residents of Nyíregyháza through regular data surveys since 2008. The results from the most recent study completed in 2023/2024 focused on indicators that fundamentally determine the quality of life - economic activity and employment, income situation and income inequalities, housing conditions, social problems and support systems. This approach was taken because the research group interprets the quality of life as a complex concept and considers these indicators to be decisive from a sociological perspective.
Even though the proportion of the employees is very high in the city, significant differences were found based upon education and the perception of working conditions. Employment is a determined factor in income and while the average income has increased in recent years, the values of income inequality indicators also show an increase.
There has been improvement in housing both in quantity and quality for those living in privately owned apartments. On the other hand, those who do not have sufficient resources to purchase a home, have to face increasing rental prices and a decreasing number of municipal rental apartments. One out of five households have household expense burdened by debt.
Regarding support systems, this research shows that the poor and the less educated have smaller and less resource-rich networks than those of the better-off and more educated. Material and relational exclusion are typically intertwined, which can further exacerbate the negative effects of social exclusion. -
A rurális közegben élő szülők IKT-attitűdjei, nevelési stílusai - Az olvasóvá nevelés digitális kihívásai
22-42Views:422The present paper is a continuation of a sociological study on reading - published in 2023 (Néma, 2023c) -, in which I present the results of my research in a rural setting in Transylvania (Parajd, Harghita County), focusing on the challenges of literacy education. The study, conducted in the autumn of 2022, aimed to gain narratives from graduate mothers, using a semi-structured interview method (10 interviews) to approach their children's literacy education in the context of increased digitalisation. In order to get a handle on parental digital literacy, I captured the perception of ICT tools along parenting styles. In parallel to identifying the spatial digitalisation context, I also subjected parents' ICT perceptions by content analysis. From the set of ICT-related statements (232 opinions) extracted from the narrative, I also identify a set of references reflecting on reading to explore the reasons for the passivity towards reading - as a research goal for my PhD dissertation research, too.
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Income situation, income conditions and income inequalities among the inhabitants of those living in settlement conditions
63-75Views:251In the studied impoverished neighborhood, the incomes are significantly lower than the incomes typical of the national and the Northern Great Plain region. The low income is due to unfavorable employment, low educational level and household size. The national average is 2.3 people per household, however, here there are 3.2 per household. A significant part of the population finds it very difficult to live only from their income. In terms of livelihood-related expenditures, expenses related to houseing is the biggest problem for inhabitants. Typically, they are not able to pay their bills and deferring payments usually for rent and utilities is common. At the same time, income inequality exceeding the national average is found int the neigborhood. This is primarily due to the very favorable situation of the top 10%of those living there. this top 10% are characterized not only by the net amount of their income, which is significantly higher than in the neighborhood and also to a lesser extent higher than the national average. Not only are their incomes higher but they have smaller households and are fully employed.
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“Brave enough to remove the shell of a chestnut.” The career path of a resilient teacher
85-101Views:396Being successful at school as a Roma student is a crucial sociological question. Roma teachers’ experience is invaluable when seeking to understand and solve problems that students with similar backgrounds have. Resilience is our academic starting point. In PISA who belong to a lower social class but have higher achievements are called resilient students. Educational sociologists say that a person’s life is resilient when it is successful, notwithstanding the disadvantaged social background (Ceglédi 2018). We have analysed Roma teachers with resilient lives and looked for answers to what kind of possibilities and dangers of a resilient life might hide in the pedagogical career. Given a unique target group, we chose snowball sampling. 6 semistructured interviews were made in eastern Hungary in 2019, in which we emphasized the resilience of their life taken, the pedagogic job, and their connection. We did qualitative analysis of the transcripts. The resilient Roma teachers incorporate their life experience into their pedagogic fields and their coping serves as a model for their students.