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EFFECT OF ELDERLY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON THEIR COGNITIVE SKILLS DANCE AND DEMENTIA
Views:1333For the analysis, we used a review of English and Hungarian theories and systematic studies focusing on aging activity, dementia, successful aging, movement therapies, and its effects from the PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Research Gate databases.
Results: Today, a significant problem is a decline in aging's cognitive abilities and untreated nature. Thus, many studies report that positive change in life quality can be achieved through physical activity. Studies show that dance exercise programs (either in pairs or solos) do not impair patients' health with dementia.
Conclusions: Physical activity positively affects the decline of cognitive functions; indeed, it does not impair brain function activation during aging. For the elderly with dementia and its variants, music and dance therapy have beneficial consequences, especially memory and reaction speed. Regular physical activity enhances physical and psychological well-being, resulting in an improved quality of life.
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THE ANALYTICAL TOOLS OF DEMENTIA, THE RELATIONSIP BETWEEN DEMENTIA AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY – A METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Views:1168Introduction: Dementia has now grown to become a "folk disease", making it a very important area of research. After reviewing several studies, it is also accepted that regular physical activity (MAKRA - BALOGH, 2018) (DONKA - BALOGH, 2018) tends to have a positive effect on cognitive abilities and neurodegenerative disorders rather than neutrally or negatively. Because this disease involves a decline in cognitive abilities, it is imperative that special attention be given to improving the number of years of life and the quality of treatment.Objective: We would like to get a comprehensive picture of the methods and tools used to measure dementia.Method: Reviewing and summarizing the related articles in the literature according to the criteria we have defined (type of measurement, relation of measurement methods, number of measurements). Review.Results: In our research, we found many measuring tools that are suitable for measuring and testing dementia. Most measurements are made using two or more measuring devices combined to provide more accurate and complex results for dementia. It can also be stated that more practical forms of measurement are used today, and in this topic, paper-pencil tests are only used as accompanying measurements, as a confirmation in most studies.Conclusions: There are many measuring tools available for testing dementia. We have to choose the one that suits us best.
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NEW POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS FOR MENTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS
Views:985The Hungarian Educational System, the Higher Education also Teacher Education have been constantly changing over the past decades. According to the results of international and domestic examinations, there is an increasing need for new standards and approaches, in the entire Public Education, especially Teacher Education sector.
The purpose of our study was to examine the key aspects of the mentoring process in physical education. We were trying to identify those special factors and identify new trends in the area of physical education. What is the role of these factors in the process of professional development of a teacher.
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEMENTIA AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Views:1335Introduction: Many studies have already shown that, there is connection between physical actitity and cognitive functions. Therefore, the aim of our research is to examine the relationship between cognitive decline (dementia) and physical activity.
Method: The research genre was a secondary method analysis. The literature review was primarily collected from articles published on international scientific sites.
Results: A total of 11 reviews were examined, examining the relationship between dementia and physical activity, which included 217 articles. Research has supported our hypothesis, that regular exercise has a positive effect on the prevention of dementia by reducing the risk of dementia.
Conclusion: It would be worthwhile to further investigate, which types of exercise at what repetition rate and what intensity achieve the best results in reducing the risk of dementia, or slowing the process of dementia.
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THE ROLE OF THE LEADER, MENTOR TEACHER AND PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN THE BIPOLAR MENTOR RELATIONSHIP
Views:456During the mentoring work, the question often arises as to how much the mentor becomes a model for the student or intern. What could be the reason why some people reflect the values and models that they represent and thus the students follow and respect them, just by their activities, by the manifestation of their personality, by their existence within the entire school? How can the mentoring task be made more effective? Answering these questions motivated me to prepare the research, the purpose of which is to determine the role of the mentor teacher in the mentoring process and to demonstrate the criteria for the success and efficiency of the mentor-student relationship. To answer the research questions, we conducted a questionnaire survey. In the study, we interviewed teachers and mentor teachers (n=30), of whom 63% were women, 36.7% were men (average age 51, minimum: 38, maximum: 65). 66.7% have more than 20 years of teaching experience. 11.9% of the respondents teach in the field of physical education and sports literacy. Our results showed that the lead and mentor teacher has a decisive role in the mentoring process and his personal influence can be an important factor in the retention of teacher candidates. In the mentoring process, openness to the new, mutual respect and critical, empathetic mentoring behavior are the most encouraging in the bipolar mentoring relationship. Students' self-confidence is increased most by the teacher's encouraging behavior based on professional knowledge. In terms of their own development, mentors are mostly inspired by students with a cooperative, positive attitude, but they are at least as motivated by the student's interest in teaching and becoming a teacher. It is interesting that it is not the powerful managerial control, but the developmental mentoring control that assumes reflexivity that appears during the teachings.
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PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS MONITORING USING INVASIVE AND NON-INVASIVE METHODS IN ATHLETES
Views:821Introduction: The quality of performance is essential both in everyday life and in competition. In sports science (also), we have to think of the man in a complex way as a bio-psycho-social unit. In addition to changes in ECG HR and blood cortisol levels, gastrointestinal tract movements are also associated with stress management (FUKUNAGA et al., 2000) (VIANNA - TRANEL, 2006), which plays a crucial role in determining the quality of performance. Several preclinical trials have formed the basis of our research (SZŰCS et al., 2018).
Objective: Based on our earlier research and literature reviews, we would like to test and participate in validating a new method that can monitor the effects of stress on humans in real-time, in a non-invasive way, with quantitative results. In addition to GI monitoring, cortisol levels are measured invasively in the subjects, so we hope to obtain complex results.
Methods: n = 13, athletes, male = 11, female = 2, mean age 22 +/- 1,031 years. Our protocol was 115 minutes, in which we distinguished four stages (rest, stress, latency 1, latency 2). We use two methods to measure stress. One is the blood cortisol level (ELISA), and the other is the MDE Heidelberg Stress Holter (EGG), which is an innovative measurement tool capable of simultaneously examining several parameters (Small Intestine, Colon, Stomach, ECG HR). The VTS DT package was used as a stressor.
Result: Based on the complex results of the EGG, we can conclude that the Small Intestine, Colon, and Stomach motility, as assessed by the Power Spectrum (PS) Fold Change (FC) calculation, increased together under stress, and then latency decreased together over time. However, the rate of change in cortisol levels showed that most participants adapted the stressor as eustress so that its value decreased linearly.
Conclusions: Innovative measurement and evaluation methods are well utilized, as they can communicate many measurement data in a valid, real-time, non-invasive way, with a parallel display. These data and results will be used in athlete selection, mental training, elite sports, neuro-biofeedback, and health preservation.
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INVESTIGATION OF FACTORS DETERMINING PERFORMANCE AMONG COMPETITIVE SWIMMERS AND THEIR COACHES
Views:534In our country, swimming is one of the most successful sports. The question arises as to what might be the key to success. What are the factors that determine effectiveness? We sought the answer to this in our research. We examined the opinions of competitive swimmers (N=63) and swimming coaches (N=27) in the Eastern Hungary region. We used a questionnaire method during the survey. We focused separately on inherited and acquired skills and the importance of the coach-athlete relationship, relying on previous literature. Based on our results, the five most important factors for success are competition and training stress tolerance, performance motivation, the ability to learn competition technique, the coach-athlete relationship, as well as parents' moral support. Based on the athletes' opinion, the most decisive factor in their success is the coach's expertise, diligence, internal motivation, and parents' support.
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INVESTIGATION OF STABILITY OF THE TRUNK AND LOWER LIMBS AMONG BALL PLAYERS
Views:941The technical background of the various ball games is determined by its lower endpoint and ultimately provides a coordinated functional assurance of its muscles. The activity of the superficial and deep abdominal muscles is a function of the moving, kicking, jumping limbs, and the supporting, limiting and stabilizing functions of the supporting limb. A basic element of injury prevention is the operation of stabilizers. During the health check, routine testing options should be checked and a targeted intervention program developed.
The aim of the research program was to measure the core and lower final stabilization functions of ballplayers - basketball players, water polo players, and soccer players - by classifying and analyzing the various technical knowledge into three groups, as well as statistical classification and analysis of the target groups.
We tested U16 water polo, basketball and soccer players. A musculoskeletal comparative study was performed specifically with an examination of the stability of the torso and the lower limb, with special tests. Internationally Used Standard Tests: Single Leg Squat test (sec.), Single Leg Squat on TOGU test (sec.), Single leg wall-sit test (sec.) Single leg wall-sit with a ball (sec.), do a standard test with different results.
The results are known because of their full scope, the development of muscle synergism needs in a given sport. Developing and launching a unified intervention program for further goals and then compiling, with the subsequent involvement, a statistical element to end the friendship.
Developing the results and considering the technical background, determine the effectiveness of the exercise program, that is, a functional approach-based exercise program that needs to be introduced into the body and the final determination of the synergistic function from a special test position bank.
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A STUDY ON WORD ASSOCIATION WHEN TEACHING THE THEORETICAL RULES OF VOLLEYBALL IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Views:773Physical Education as a subject – much like other subjects – has its own literary and educational content and the primary goal is the transference of that knowledge. In this respect, it is but one subject. At the same time it is unique, being the only subject dedicated to improving the body and the physique, yet “when we talk about the internal values of physical education, we only refer to its own literary and educational content. The meaning of this phrase includes the system of movement-based activities as well as the related intellectual knowledge” (RÉTSÁGI, 2011). During a Physical Education lesson students learn and practice movement-based activities, the importance of which is to improve their motor abilities, physical fitness (MÜLLER et al., 2013. MÜLLER et al., 2017) and mental health (BORBÉLY – MÜLLER, 2008). It may facilitate the prevention of numerous deformities or ailments, thus contributing to the preserving and of one’s health (MOSONYI et al., 2013., MÜLLER, 2015). For the past few years, multinational food companies (e.g. Danone and Nestlé) have also realized this, as they began to promote various programmes to support the regular physical activities of schoolchildren (RÁTHONYI – ODOR – RÁTHONYI, 2016). Physical Education in schools can only be considered effective if students come to appreciate and begin to feel the need for regular physical activities. For that purpose PE lessons are needed to be filled with content that is serious, requires effort (i.e. it should be a challenge that inspires improvement), but at the same time, it provides every student with feelings of success and enjoyment. This work, which at many times adapts to vastly different students (i.e. differentiates), is the duty of sports specialists and PE teachers (H. EKLER, 2013).
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AROUSAL ZONE, ANXIETY, STRESS AND SPORTS PERFORMANCE
Views:3622This study aimed to examine the relationship between optimal functioning zone, anxiety, stress, and athletic performance. We conducted a systematic review of the available scientific articles and publications. Related literature was analyzed, relevant, or helpful in understanding the psychological aspects of athletic performance. It discusses the method and validity of hypotheses and approaches that have already appeared scientifically. We examined multidimensional approaches, which discuss the suitability and implications of some recent and more complex models of stress and performance. We may conclude that the relationship between stress and athletic performance is multidimensional. We also examined several factors, such as the interaction between the nature of the stressor, the cognitive needs of the task, and the individuals' psychological characteristics. Both physical and mental preparation is critical to successful sports performance. This way, the level of physical skills, mental preparedness significantly determine overall athletic performance. The article aims to provide a historical overview of the implementation, testing, and measurement of IZOF and other applied models.
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THE IMPACT OF EUROPEAN YOUTH BASKETBALL LEAGUE (EYBL) ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE U16 MEN’S BASKETBALL TEAMS
Views:822The main focus of our research was the U16 age group since it is one of the most significant in terms of the young athlete’s future - probably professional - career. It was very helpful in research that this age group was a priority in the Basketball Academy of Debrecen’s program and they were competing in an international basketball league, in the European Youth Basketball League (EYBL). Thanks to the EYBL tournaments we have got a chance to analyze this youth category completely. For primer research we have chosen three teams, two Hungarian, and one Italian, to get an impression why is so important to play basketball at the international level in this age. We have made interviews with the coaches, organizers and the manager of the league to have an international comparison of this age group.
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THE EXAMINATION OF EXPLOSIVE LEG STRENGTH IN VOLLEYBALL
Views:413The goal of the volleyball game is for players to get the ball over the net to the opposite side, which they do by jumping up to score. The effectiveness of the jumps is mainly a function of the leg's acceleration. This ability also appears in executing tasks following a deep center of gravity defense. Our study primarily aims to collect tests to measure the rapid strength of legs and predict expected performance. Furthermore, we evaluate the reliability of the tests by reviewing studies analyzing the vertical jump of volleyball players. We grouped the tests into two main categories. We have processed laboratory tests (e.g., force plate, contact mat) and their associated motion analysis software and court tests (e.g., standing long jump, wall touch method). Combining the two groups of tests is essential to obtain relevant results.
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NIGHT-TIME DYSPNEA EPISODES AND HEART RATE VARIABILITY
Views:916Purpose: We wanted to assess the values of expected night-time and day-time variability of the heart rate, in the presence of dyspnea episodes during night-time, recorded by a Holter monitor.
Objective: Our aim was to investigate whether nocturnal breathing disorders affect the HRV indexes.
Methods: 40 patients participated in our survey. 20 of them experienced episodes of night-time breathing difficulty, and the control group consisted of 20 participants in whose case there were no episodes of night-time breathing difficulty. We were examining the domains of time and frequency of heart rate variability, using day-time and night-time values recorded by a 24-hour Schiller Medilog Holter monitor. We evaluated the distribution of the parameters with a continuous codomain, their typical distribution and expected values on histograms, and summarized them in a table. For the examination of the difference in averages the Two-Sample T- Test was used, where p<0.05.
Results: The vegetative equilibrium ratio and the standard deviation of the R-R intervals showed a significant difference between the apnea patients and the healthy group at night. Examining the severity of apnea, we didn't find significant difference between the two groups in the mean of the time and frequency indices, however, a decrease in the values of the apnea group was observed compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Night differences in the vegetative equilibrium rate and time parameters of the apnea patients and the control group, as well as differences in the HRV index recorded by the change in the severity of the disease, draw attention to the importance of the HRV indicators with HOLTER monitors.
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THE EFFECT OF GOALS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE YOUTH BASKETBALL PLAYERS’ CONTROL PLACE AND THE SOURCE OF MOTIVATION
Views:654Our study conducted research on the motivation of the basketball players of the Debrecen Basketball Academy (U11 - 76 basketball players) and on which factors play and define it, especially the control sites and their goals are related to the assessment of performance development. For this purpose, the target studies were based on such a follow-up procedure, which performs monitoring, and target studies on the development of physical endurance could be detected. Our results show that both the quality of choice (how complex tasks are undertaken with athletes in the study) and the evolution of the control site and the source of motivation are among the factors in developing athletes ’goals. The result showed that many objective measurement tools and test procedures are available to coaches and sport-psychologists to assess and evolve athletes’ peak performance. At the same time, further practical improvements can be made by changing training methods and introducing additional motivating factors.
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CONSUMER MOTIVATIONAL RESEARCH AMONG DVSC SOCCER CLUB’S SEASON TICKET OWNERS
Views:742In this research, we investigated socio-demographic attributes and structure of DVSC Soccer Club’s season ticket owners and measured the motivational factors determining the sports consumption of Debrecen’s audience. After the literature review, we developed a tool for the measurement of the following factors: socio-demographic and match visiting habits, facilities and service, tickets and prices. We collected the data of the 49 samples online and through personal meetings. By evaluating the results, it became clear that fans of DVSC with season tickets experience the team’s success and failure as their own. Overall, it can be stated that those who have permanent entrants are surely visiting the matches. The growth of the season ticket owners is a key question for the club, which is determined by the creation and improvement of the club-fan bond.
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EFFECTS OF THE MULTISPORT ACTIVITY PROGRAM ON YOUTH FOOTBALL PLAYERS’ MOTOR SKILL DEVELOPMENT
Views:502Objective: Our study aimed to compare the dynamic leg strength, acceleration, running speed, agility, and ball-handling skills of young football players.
Material and method: Forty-two players members of the Szeged-Csanád Grosics Academy participated in the so-called "Multisport Activity Program" (SG) (nsg=42), whereas the control group (CG) involved players from the academy's partner clubs (ncg=109). Our testing procedure included: standing long jump, 10 m, and 30 m run, COD 505, and T-Test with ball dribbling.
Results: We found that the dynamic leg power of the SG players was significantly improved. The means of the T-tests demonstrated (p<0.001) improved ball dribbling skills in the SG group. We found no significant difference in the COD 505 test results. The results of the standing long jump, 10 m, 30 m, COD 505, and ball control tests are strongly correlated; however, none explain the minor COD difference.
Conclusion: It is beneficial for players to participate in multisport sessions involving various agility and ball control tasks. The COD 505 test results demonstrated smaller differences between dominant and non-dominant sides in SG participants. We suggest they are less likely to develop unilateral movement patterns that lead to overtraining injuries. The results indicate that implementing a "Multisport activity program" benefits youth athlete.
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THE EXAMINATION OF BALL SKILL DEVELOPMENT IN YOUTH FOOTBALL PLAYERS
Views:626In modern football, in addition to advanced physical and mental abilities, players must have excellent technical skills. Coaches must emphasize the development of ball skills during youth training that will enable athletes to execute technical elements accurately and precisely, even at a fast game pace. The present research investigated the significance and effects of ball skill development among youth football players. The study focuses on the role and importance of technical elements in football, implementing the Coerver training method.
Material and methods: The U11, U13, and U14 youth teams of Loki Focisuli Debrecen KSE participated in the study. We examined the effect of a 14-week training program on ball skills. We implemented sport-specific tests to assess these technical skills. Fourteen weeks later, we conducted the second measurement under the same conditions.
Results and conclusion: The study confirmed that youth football players may improve ball skills with the help of a 14-week training program based on Coerver's training method. The most significant improvement was measured in the U11 age group.
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INFLUENCING FACTORS OF SPORT VOLUNTEERING AMONG EU CITIZENS
Views:341If there were a ‘country of volunteers,’ it would be one of the most populous countries in the world, with almost 1 billion people involved in some form of volunteering worldwide. Volunteers play an essential role in the smooth running and operation of sports associations and the performance of the assigned tasks. Our research examines the extent to which they contribute to volunteering along with different socio-demographic variables. For our analysis, we used data from the European Commission in December 2017 in 28 European Member States (28,031 people). We used ten independent factors that may influence participation in volunteering. We examined by chi-square test whether there was a relationship with the performance of sports volunteering for the selected variables. Subsequently, incorporating all these variables into a logistic regression model, we estimated how much it contributes to volunteering. The significance level was p <0.05. Based on the results of the bivariate correlation study, gender, age, life satisfaction, frequency of sports, education, type of residence, and social status, social status significantly influences participation in sports volunteering (p <0.001). Based on a multivariate correlation study, demographic, quality of life, sports, socio-cultural, and socioeconomic variables significantly influence volunteering (p <0.001). Our research has demonstrated that participation in sports volunteering is affected by several factors. Our research did not cover the study of motivational factors of athletes.
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Antagonist Muscle Activation During Isometric Elbow Flexion at Varied Joint Angles: A Comparative Neuromuscular Analysis Between Volleyball Players and Sedentary Adults
Views:141Neuromuscular coordination enhances athletic performance and prevents injuries. Antagonist muscle activation during isometric movements, such as elbow flexion, is crucial for joint stability and efficiency. Volleyball-specific training may lead to distinct neuromuscular adaptations that differ from those of sedentary individuals. This study aims to investigate differences in antagonist activation patterns during isometric elbow flexion between volleyball players and sedentary adults, with a focus on neuromuscular control and the effects of co-contraction. Twenty-eight males (14 volleyball players and 14 sedentary individuals; ages 18–25) participated in the study. Surface electromyography (EMG) recorded biceps and triceps activity at 45°, 90°, and 120° elbow angles. Muscle activity, co-contraction indices (CCI), and perceived exertion (RPE) were statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics and two-way repeated measures Analysis of Variance. Bonferroni corrections assessed angle-specific effects. Significance levels (α) were set to 0.05 for all analyses. Athletes exhibited significantly higher biceps activation (mean EMGmax = 0.63 vs. 0.48) and lower triceps activation (mean EMGmax = 0.25 vs. 0.35, p < 0.001). Co-contraction (CCI) was lower among athletes (mean = 0.55 vs. 0.89). RPE scores were consistently lower in athletes (mean = 12.8 ± 1.6) compared to non-athletes (15.7 ± 1.5), indicating superior neuromuscular efficiency. Volleyball players demonstrated enhanced neuromuscular control, as evidenced by higher agonist activation, reduced antagonist activation, and lower co-contraction. The enhanced neuromuscular adaptations of volleyball players, likely resulting from consistent training, suggest improved movement mechanics and a reduced risk of injury. Future longitudinal studies are advised to explore causality and sport-specific neuromuscular changes.
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CHANGES IN THE REPLENISHMENT EDUCATION SYSTEM OF THE HANDBALL SPORT IN HUNGARY
Views:908Development of talents care systems plays an important role in handball today. The goal of the Hungarian Handball Association is to ensure that all children of the same age receive the same training throughout the country. The Association recently introduced a standard feed-back education system. The aim of this research was to demonstrate the evolution of the talent care system, especially the innovations introduced by the Association.
The research method was interviewing handball experts. Five experts answered our questions, former elite players, currently coaches. Based on their responses, it was possible to compare the old and the current status of the training programmes. We may conclude, that the structure of handball training has significantly developed both technically and tactically. Professionals agree, that there are a number of changes have occurred in the theory and methodology of handball. The newly introduced regional, electronic control system – described in the Age Handbook were considered to be useful by the interviewees. According to the results of our pilot study, the new unified educational training system may result in a more successful international presence in the long term.