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THE EXAMINATION OF EXPLOSIVE LEG STRENGTH IN VOLLEYBALL
Views:281The goal of the volleyball game is for players to get the ball over the net to the opposite side, which they do by jumping up to score. The effectiveness of the jumps is mainly a function of the leg's acceleration. This ability also appears in executing tasks following a deep center of gravity defense. Our study primarily aims to collect tests to measure the rapid strength of legs and predict expected performance. Furthermore, we evaluate the reliability of the tests by reviewing studies analyzing the vertical jump of volleyball players. We grouped the tests into two main categories. We have processed laboratory tests (e.g., force plate, contact mat) and their associated motion analysis software and court tests (e.g., standing long jump, wall touch method). Combining the two groups of tests is essential to obtain relevant results.
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EFFECTS OF THE MULTISPORT ACTIVITY PROGRAM ON YOUTH FOOTBALL PLAYERS’ MOTOR SKILL DEVELOPMENT
Views:377Objective: Our study aimed to compare the dynamic leg strength, acceleration, running speed, agility, and ball-handling skills of young football players.
Material and method: Forty-two players members of the Szeged-Csanád Grosics Academy participated in the so-called "Multisport Activity Program" (SG) (nsg=42), whereas the control group (CG) involved players from the academy's partner clubs (ncg=109). Our testing procedure included: standing long jump, 10 m, and 30 m run, COD 505, and T-Test with ball dribbling.
Results: We found that the dynamic leg power of the SG players was significantly improved. The means of the T-tests demonstrated (p<0.001) improved ball dribbling skills in the SG group. We found no significant difference in the COD 505 test results. The results of the standing long jump, 10 m, 30 m, COD 505, and ball control tests are strongly correlated; however, none explain the minor COD difference.
Conclusion: It is beneficial for players to participate in multisport sessions involving various agility and ball control tasks. The COD 505 test results demonstrated smaller differences between dominant and non-dominant sides in SG participants. We suggest they are less likely to develop unilateral movement patterns that lead to overtraining injuries. The results indicate that implementing a "Multisport activity program" benefits youth athlete.
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THE EXAMINATION OF JOINT TEMPERATURES AND PREVENTIVE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG PARTICIPANTS IN E-SPORT- A PILOT STUDY
Views:323Our research aimed to determine what temperature changes occur along with the spinal segments during seated exercise and in which direction these temperature values change due to a preventive exercise program. This thesis aims to develop a thermographic analysis procedure to monitor the loads generated in and along the spine of mainly e-athletes and to investigate the effect of a preventive exercise program designed by the research team on the temperature values generated by the load. During our research, we conducted a study with three university students over several months. After an acclimatization period, the research subjects performed e-sport activities in a standardized temperature room while their back temperatures were monitored. The resulting thermograms were analyzed using ImageJ free-use image analysis software. The RGB-type thermograms were converted to 8-bit color depth, and the pixel intensity of the ROI (Range of interest) areas was measured. The following ROI areas were isolated during measurements: neck (C-cervical), back (T-thoracic), lumbar (L-lumbar), and muscle groups to the left (S-sinistrum) and right (D-dextrum) of these areas. Results were obtained at five-minute intervals. Our results showed that the intervention did not produce apparent changes. In two out of three subjects, the cervical section was the hottest, followed by the thoracic and lumbar areas. In general, surfaces to the left of the spinal regions were warmer than surfaces to the right.
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THE EXAMINATION OF BALL SKILL DEVELOPMENT IN YOUTH FOOTBALL PLAYERS
Views:461In modern football, in addition to advanced physical and mental abilities, players must have excellent technical skills. Coaches must emphasize the development of ball skills during youth training that will enable athletes to execute technical elements accurately and precisely, even at a fast game pace. The present research investigated the significance and effects of ball skill development among youth football players. The study focuses on the role and importance of technical elements in football, implementing the Coerver training method.
Material and methods: The U11, U13, and U14 youth teams of Loki Focisuli Debrecen KSE participated in the study. We examined the effect of a 14-week training program on ball skills. We implemented sport-specific tests to assess these technical skills. Fourteen weeks later, we conducted the second measurement under the same conditions.
Results and conclusion: The study confirmed that youth football players may improve ball skills with the help of a 14-week training program based on Coerver's training method. The most significant improvement was measured in the U11 age group.
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CHANGES IN THE REPLENISHMENT EDUCATION SYSTEM OF THE HANDBALL SPORT IN HUNGARY
Views:793Development of talents care systems plays an important role in handball today. The goal of the Hungarian Handball Association is to ensure that all children of the same age receive the same training throughout the country. The Association recently introduced a standard feed-back education system. The aim of this research was to demonstrate the evolution of the talent care system, especially the innovations introduced by the Association.
The research method was interviewing handball experts. Five experts answered our questions, former elite players, currently coaches. Based on their responses, it was possible to compare the old and the current status of the training programmes. We may conclude, that the structure of handball training has significantly developed both technically and tactically. Professionals agree, that there are a number of changes have occurred in the theory and methodology of handball. The newly introduced regional, electronic control system – described in the Age Handbook were considered to be useful by the interviewees. According to the results of our pilot study, the new unified educational training system may result in a more successful international presence in the long term.
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INFLUENCING FACTORS OF SPORT VOLUNTEERING AMONG EU CITIZENS
Views:258If there were a ‘country of volunteers,’ it would be one of the most populous countries in the world, with almost 1 billion people involved in some form of volunteering worldwide. Volunteers play an essential role in the smooth running and operation of sports associations and the performance of the assigned tasks. Our research examines the extent to which they contribute to volunteering along with different socio-demographic variables. For our analysis, we used data from the European Commission in December 2017 in 28 European Member States (28,031 people). We used ten independent factors that may influence participation in volunteering. We examined by chi-square test whether there was a relationship with the performance of sports volunteering for the selected variables. Subsequently, incorporating all these variables into a logistic regression model, we estimated how much it contributes to volunteering. The significance level was p <0.05. Based on the results of the bivariate correlation study, gender, age, life satisfaction, frequency of sports, education, type of residence, and social status, social status significantly influences participation in sports volunteering (p <0.001). Based on a multivariate correlation study, demographic, quality of life, sports, socio-cultural, and socioeconomic variables significantly influence volunteering (p <0.001). Our research has demonstrated that participation in sports volunteering is affected by several factors. Our research did not cover the study of motivational factors of athletes.
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INVESTIGATION OF STABILITY OF THE TRUNK AND LOWER LIMBS AMONG BALL PLAYERS
Views:798The technical background of the various ball games is determined by its lower endpoint and ultimately provides a coordinated functional assurance of its muscles. The activity of the superficial and deep abdominal muscles is a function of the moving, kicking, jumping limbs, and the supporting, limiting and stabilizing functions of the supporting limb. A basic element of injury prevention is the operation of stabilizers. During the health check, routine testing options should be checked and a targeted intervention program developed.
The aim of the research program was to measure the core and lower final stabilization functions of ballplayers - basketball players, water polo players, and soccer players - by classifying and analyzing the various technical knowledge into three groups, as well as statistical classification and analysis of the target groups.
We tested U16 water polo, basketball and soccer players. A musculoskeletal comparative study was performed specifically with an examination of the stability of the torso and the lower limb, with special tests. Internationally Used Standard Tests: Single Leg Squat test (sec.), Single Leg Squat on TOGU test (sec.), Single leg wall-sit test (sec.) Single leg wall-sit with a ball (sec.), do a standard test with different results.
The results are known because of their full scope, the development of muscle synergism needs in a given sport. Developing and launching a unified intervention program for further goals and then compiling, with the subsequent involvement, a statistical element to end the friendship.
Developing the results and considering the technical background, determine the effectiveness of the exercise program, that is, a functional approach-based exercise program that needs to be introduced into the body and the final determination of the synergistic function from a special test position bank.
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A STUDY ON WORD ASSOCIATION WHEN TEACHING THE THEORETICAL RULES OF VOLLEYBALL IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Views:667Physical Education as a subject – much like other subjects – has its own literary and educational content and the primary goal is the transference of that knowledge. In this respect, it is but one subject. At the same time it is unique, being the only subject dedicated to improving the body and the physique, yet “when we talk about the internal values of physical education, we only refer to its own literary and educational content. The meaning of this phrase includes the system of movement-based activities as well as the related intellectual knowledge” (RÉTSÁGI, 2011). During a Physical Education lesson students learn and practice movement-based activities, the importance of which is to improve their motor abilities, physical fitness (MÜLLER et al., 2013. MÜLLER et al., 2017) and mental health (BORBÉLY – MÜLLER, 2008). It may facilitate the prevention of numerous deformities or ailments, thus contributing to the preserving and of one’s health (MOSONYI et al., 2013., MÜLLER, 2015). For the past few years, multinational food companies (e.g. Danone and Nestlé) have also realized this, as they began to promote various programmes to support the regular physical activities of schoolchildren (RÁTHONYI – ODOR – RÁTHONYI, 2016). Physical Education in schools can only be considered effective if students come to appreciate and begin to feel the need for regular physical activities. For that purpose PE lessons are needed to be filled with content that is serious, requires effort (i.e. it should be a challenge that inspires improvement), but at the same time, it provides every student with feelings of success and enjoyment. This work, which at many times adapts to vastly different students (i.e. differentiates), is the duty of sports specialists and PE teachers (H. EKLER, 2013).
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INVESTIGATION OF FACTORS DETERMINING PERFORMANCE AMONG COMPETITIVE SWIMMERS AND THEIR COACHES
Views:384In our country, swimming is one of the most successful sports. The question arises as to what might be the key to success. What are the factors that determine effectiveness? We sought the answer to this in our research. We examined the opinions of competitive swimmers (N=63) and swimming coaches (N=27) in the Eastern Hungary region. We used a questionnaire method during the survey. We focused separately on inherited and acquired skills and the importance of the coach-athlete relationship, relying on previous literature. Based on our results, the five most important factors for success are competition and training stress tolerance, performance motivation, the ability to learn competition technique, the coach-athlete relationship, as well as parents' moral support. Based on the athletes' opinion, the most decisive factor in their success is the coach's expertise, diligence, internal motivation, and parents' support.
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AROUSAL ZONE, ANXIETY, STRESS AND SPORTS PERFORMANCE
Views:3226This study aimed to examine the relationship between optimal functioning zone, anxiety, stress, and athletic performance. We conducted a systematic review of the available scientific articles and publications. Related literature was analyzed, relevant, or helpful in understanding the psychological aspects of athletic performance. It discusses the method and validity of hypotheses and approaches that have already appeared scientifically. We examined multidimensional approaches, which discuss the suitability and implications of some recent and more complex models of stress and performance. We may conclude that the relationship between stress and athletic performance is multidimensional. We also examined several factors, such as the interaction between the nature of the stressor, the cognitive needs of the task, and the individuals' psychological characteristics. Both physical and mental preparation is critical to successful sports performance. This way, the level of physical skills, mental preparedness significantly determine overall athletic performance. The article aims to provide a historical overview of the implementation, testing, and measurement of IZOF and other applied models.
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EXAMINATION OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS AFFECTING SPORTS PERFORMANCE IN THE CONTEXT OF ATHLETE EXPERIENCE
Views:676Introduction: In our research, we investigated the components, executive functions, and cognitive abilities underlying decision-making in sports performance using a computer-based test system. To define the athlete experience, we classified athletes according to an exact, unambiguous definition following international terminology, based on their performance, achievement, playing age, and sport's popularity. We hypothesize that team athlete with significant athletic experience will perform better on the executive function test.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on team athletes N=52. The VTS-DT test was used to measure executive function. The classification of athlete experience was based on an internationally accepted taxonomy defined with scientific precision (SWANNN, 2015).
Results: When classified by athlete experience, the athletes we studied fell into amateur and elite categories. The DT/S2 scores of the two groups were compared based on each factor. We obtained trend-like correlations for the factors 'number of reactions', 'number of stimulations,' and 'number of good responses. Correlation analysis was performed between the factors on a group-by-group basis. When examining the relationship between reaction time, we found that there is a strong relationship with the number of stimulations (amateurs: r = -0.80; elite athletes: r = -0.87) since the faster someone is (i.e., the less reaction time), the more times they can respond to stimulations. Looking at the results for elite athletes, we also observe a moderately strong relationship between reaction time and the number of good responses (r = -0.68). We may suggest that experienced athletes could produce better responses faster than less professional athletes.
Conclusions: Our hypotheses were partially confirmed, as we found a trend-like correlation that elite athletes scored higher on the DT test, which examined athletes' executive functions in a complex, adaptive way. Our research demonstrates that, on the one hand, it is worthwhile for coaches to build on experienced athletes when assembling a team, in addition to the momentum of young athletes, and that the development of executive functions and cognitive skills can improve the performance of athletes.
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THE IMPACT OF EUROPEAN YOUTH BASKETBALL LEAGUE (EYBL) ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE U16 MEN’S BASKETBALL TEAMS
Views:706The main focus of our research was the U16 age group since it is one of the most significant in terms of the young athlete’s future - probably professional - career. It was very helpful in research that this age group was a priority in the Basketball Academy of Debrecen’s program and they were competing in an international basketball league, in the European Youth Basketball League (EYBL). Thanks to the EYBL tournaments we have got a chance to analyze this youth category completely. For primer research we have chosen three teams, two Hungarian, and one Italian, to get an impression why is so important to play basketball at the international level in this age. We have made interviews with the coaches, organizers and the manager of the league to have an international comparison of this age group.
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PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AMONG COMPETITIVE ROWERS
Views:470Introduction: Elite rowing athletes participated in anthropometric, psychological and physiological tests.
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relations between the traits of sport-confidence and competitive orientation, as well as to compare state measures of sport-confidence, self-efficacy and anxiety. Furthermore, this study targeted to examine the associations of these state measures with performance, in our case the 2000m rowing ergometer run time.
Material and methods: Rowers (N=15) were subjected to anthropometric, psychological and physiological tests: max 2000 m on Rowing Ergo-test, Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28, Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 and Sport Competition Anxiety Test.
Results: CSAI-self-confidence showed a statistically significant difference between genders with boys having a higher score. Overall, SCAT (anxiety) scores were low (normal anxiety) in the sample for the vast majority (12 rowers), only 3 participants showed high anxiety.
Conclusion: The psychological profile does not contribute significantly performance on 2000m Rowing Ergo-test but affects it. Girls completed the distance in a longer period of time, and cognitive anxiety was relatively greater among girls. Additionally, our study pointed out that if the physical parameters are 'inadequate,' then the psychological profile does not contribute to better performance.
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NIGHT-TIME DYSPNEA EPISODES AND HEART RATE VARIABILITY
Views:732Purpose: We wanted to assess the values of expected night-time and day-time variability of the heart rate, in the presence of dyspnea episodes during night-time, recorded by a Holter monitor.
Objective: Our aim was to investigate whether nocturnal breathing disorders affect the HRV indexes.
Methods: 40 patients participated in our survey. 20 of them experienced episodes of night-time breathing difficulty, and the control group consisted of 20 participants in whose case there were no episodes of night-time breathing difficulty. We were examining the domains of time and frequency of heart rate variability, using day-time and night-time values recorded by a 24-hour Schiller Medilog Holter monitor. We evaluated the distribution of the parameters with a continuous codomain, their typical distribution and expected values on histograms, and summarized them in a table. For the examination of the difference in averages the Two-Sample T- Test was used, where p<0.05.
Results: The vegetative equilibrium ratio and the standard deviation of the R-R intervals showed a significant difference between the apnea patients and the healthy group at night. Examining the severity of apnea, we didn't find significant difference between the two groups in the mean of the time and frequency indices, however, a decrease in the values of the apnea group was observed compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Night differences in the vegetative equilibrium rate and time parameters of the apnea patients and the control group, as well as differences in the HRV index recorded by the change in the severity of the disease, draw attention to the importance of the HRV indicators with HOLTER monitors.
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CONSUMER MOTIVATIONAL RESEARCH AMONG DVSC SOCCER CLUB’S SEASON TICKET OWNERS
Views:637In this research, we investigated socio-demographic attributes and structure of DVSC Soccer Club’s season ticket owners and measured the motivational factors determining the sports consumption of Debrecen’s audience. After the literature review, we developed a tool for the measurement of the following factors: socio-demographic and match visiting habits, facilities and service, tickets and prices. We collected the data of the 49 samples online and through personal meetings. By evaluating the results, it became clear that fans of DVSC with season tickets experience the team’s success and failure as their own. Overall, it can be stated that those who have permanent entrants are surely visiting the matches. The growth of the season ticket owners is a key question for the club, which is determined by the creation and improvement of the club-fan bond.