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A Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Hajdú-Bihar Megyei Levéltára
35-51Views:1The State Archives of Debrecen – the predecessor of the National Archives of
Hungary's Hajdú-Bihar County Archives – was established in 1952 by the integration of
the three municipality's archives: Debrecen city, Bihar and Hajdú counties. In 1968,
after a 17-year-old state history, the archives were returned to the counties, and after
that, the State Archives of Debrecen has functioned as the Hajdu-Bihar County
Archives. In 1981, a branch archive was established in Hajdúböszörmény where the
Hajdú district's documents were returned to. In effect from 1st January 2012, the
Archives returned to state maintenance, and the National Archives of Hungary was created on 1st October of the same year. Thereby, the institutional autonomy of the
county archives ceased, but the contents of public service provision have not changed.
The documentary materials of the Archives allow an insight to the history of
Debrecen city and the former counties of Hajdú and Bihar since 1950, Hajdú-Bihar
county and its settlements.
The Archives maintains a research service at three places. The researchers have the
opportunity to get photo- and digital copies, or to take photos of the documents.
The Archives, operating also as a scientific institution since 1969, takes care of
several series besides the special publications; and since 1973, it organizes the Archives
Day of Hajdú-Bihar County Archives, as well as numerous conferences and smaller
events associated with the institute. Within and outside the borderlines of the county,
the Archives regularly appears with travelling- and temporary exhibitions. -
Database of the Lord Lieutenants of Bihar County, 1920–1944
58-69Views:11During Miklós Horthy’s regency, the administrative structures of the counties and municipally
autonomous cities retained the structures established during the Dualist period, headed by lord
lieutenants. This structure remained in place until the introduction of the Soviet-style council system
in 1950. In the case of Bihar County, attempts have previously been made to identify the lord
lieutenants who held office between 1920 and 1944. However, the studies published to date have
not yielded satisfactory and comprehensive results. The present paper therefore draws on official,
state-published sources to identify the individuals who held this position during this period. In
addition, supplementary biographical and administrative data suitable for comparison are also
provided: the lord lieutenants’ dates and places of birth, religious affiliations, dates of appointment
and resignation, as well as their previous and subsequent administrative or political roles. -
Adalékok a szélsőjobboldal Bihar vármegyei történetéhez
83-96Views:1We know very little about the history of the extreme right in Bihar, the literature has never dealt with it, just like what the case was with other areas. Bihar county never belonged to the nests of the extreme right (unlike Zala, Szabolcs, or the not very far-off city of Debrecen). Nevertheless, three important events can be emphasized. One is that the main delegate of the Scythe Cross movement was from Bihar and wanted to clear theground for their ’military’ putsch in Bihar. The second event was that here was the first time that a candidate with a National Socialist programme ran for office at an interim parliamentary election. And last, the last open election of the Hungarian history took place here: it was an interim election in 1939, less than 4 months before the first and at the same time last secret parliamentary election of the era, at which one of the candidates was a National Socialist candidate. I aim to deal with these topics, enumerating a couple of pieces of data first as an introduction about the extreme right embedded nature of the county. Next, I introduce the sued Lajos Hatvani, who lived through the lawsuits against scythe crossers as the mainaccused person. In the third section, I review the interim elections of September 1933 and 2nd February 1939. In 1933, Zoltán Böszörmény himself, the leader of the scythe crossers, ran inefficiently, and in 1939, there were two challengers of the ruling party: a yeoman and an arrow-crosser also ran. The day of the latter election, as it turns out from the press of the period, was rather eventful, and it provides a great report on the political arrangement of the Horthy Era. -
A Hajdú-Bihar Megyei és Debreceni Honismereti Egyesület tudományos és közművelődési tevékenysége
53-57Views:1Our organization performs and supports researches about the present-day Hajdú-Bihar, the old Hajdú and Bihar counties and Partium. The biharkutatas.hu website is one of the two essential enterprises which collect the Bihar related knowledge and make it available together. The other one is Új Nézőpont (New Perspective), an online quarterly periodical which uses and publishes multidisciplinary studies. The events happening until now let us hope that both will work as highly sought and useful forums in the future, too. -
A Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Hajdú-Bihar Megyei Levéltára adatbázisai
61-81Views:1The National Archives of Hungary’s Hajdú-Bihar County Archives, the Méliusz Ju-
hász Péter Library and Oradea’s Mayor’s Office won a 110 million HUF tender in the
framework of the Hungarian-Romanian cooperation (HURO) in 2009. The work
started on 1st May 2010 and lasted for a year, and the sustainability of the undertaken
work must be granted for five more years. Besides the devices, the institutes have spent
the amount on events, publications, data digitization and on the construction of
databases.
In the National Archives of Hungary’s Hajdú-Bihar County Archives, the staff made
five detached databases, in which the documents of the historical Bihar County’s past
have been processed: diplomas, manuscript maps, rule regulations, hydrological records
and church registers. The data and/or attachment upload is still in progress.
One of the partner institutions: Oradea’s Mayor’s Office created a database for
those Council Proceedings that were created before the unification of the four sections
of the town in 1850.
In the Méliusz Juhász Péter Library, more than 450 local history-themed books,
journals, school year books and school-records, etc. were digitized into database that is
assigned to a search engine and a browser. -
A Bihar vármegyéből származó debreceni polgárok beköltözési év, lakóhely és foglalkozás szerinti megoszlása (1733–1867)
5-22Views:1In 1715, Debrecen was awarded with the free royal city title, the local citizenship was appreciated. Not surprisingly, the bourgeoise recruited primarily locally. However, numerous inmoving were successfully integrated and even became citizens. The Matricula Civium is the best resource to analyze the inmoving and naturalized inhabitants between 1733 and 1867. According to the available data, most of the settlers came from the Northern-Tiszántúl region. Among the counties from which most people moved, Bihar possessed the first place: 423 Biharian won civil rights, that is, Bihar was a stable base of the recruitment of Debrecen’s inhabitants. The majority of settlers had practiced some form of industry: Debrecen meant a suction force on the craftsmen of surrounding settlements, thereby strengthening its market position, and, at the same time, weakening the smaller settlements. Although individual motivational factors can also be revealed, it were basically the reformed, industrialist people of Hungarian ethnicity, living in the agglomeration, who ensured the replenishment of Debrecen’s population from the Bihar area. -
Berettyóújfalu vármegyeszékhellyé alakulása 1920–1928
30-55Views:1This study is intended to present the biggest challenge in the history of Berettyóújfalu in the 20th century: the period of the settlement's transformation into a county seat after 1920. As a result of the catastrophic Trianon peace treaty for Hungary, a decisive part of Bihar County, including its ancient seat in Oradea, was annexed to Romania. Berettyóújfalu could then play a leading role in the recovery of the remaining Csonka-Bihar. The town, which cherished ambitions to become a city since the beginning of the period of dualism, achieved its goal, even if not in accordance with the original idea: although it remained a town in its status, mainly due to a forced trajectory due to a tragedy, it could become the centre of 61 settlements in the remaining Bihar County. The eight years immediately following the change of empire are presented, 1920–1928, which counted as the most eventful period in the history of the county centre, starting from the loss of Bihar through the reorganization of public administration to the handover of the public hospital. -
A Miskolczy család iratai (adatbázis-ismertető)
59-64Views:0The database about the Miskolczy family’s writings summarizes the legacy documents of the Miskolczy family of Mezőtelegd generated between 1569 and 1940 which are kept in the Museum of Bihar. In addition to basic data of the writing of the papers, it provides comments referring to the content of the documents to assist the scientific research of the family which played a historical role in Bihar county. The database, together with the general information attached to it is available in the Database menu of the Bihar research site (http://biharkutatas.hu). -
Beszámoló a Hajdú-Bihar Vármegyei Levéltári Napokról
70-73Views:12Az 53. Hajdú-Bihar Vármegyei Levéltári Napokat 2026. május 19–20-án rendezték
meg Debrecenben. Az eseményt az MNL Hajdú-Bihar Vármegyei Levéltára, valamint a
Debreceni Egyetem Egyetemi és Nemzeti Könyvtára szervezte. A rendezvény központi
témája a levéltári innovációk, a mesterséges intelligencia alkalmazása, valamint a kvantitatív
történetírás új lehetőségei voltak, de a történelem anyagiságának tapasztalata is viszsza-
visszatérő eleme volt az előadásoknak. -
Kísérlet a porta és a ház adózási alapként való vizsgálatára Bihar vármegyében
5-19Views:1A county which had continuously been exposed to Turkish incursions lying between the Kingdom of Hungary and Transylvania, and in which there were far-reaching fights for its possession provides an excellent research opportunity. The reason for this is that inthe second half of the 16th century, not only the Principality of Transylvania was beingformed, but Partium was also emerged by the name of Tiszántúl Parts largest region ofwhich was Bihar County. In the present study, I examined the site censuses of the 16th Century Bihar County preserved between 1552 and 1597, and the house censuses between 1598 and 1599. Most importantly, I would like to show – by using unpublished, primary sources and merging the results of the literature up to the present day – howimportant data can be retrieved by examining the site- and house censuses. My future goal is to map the society of holders, based on the censuses. -
Bihari fazekasközpontok termékei a bihari református egyházközségekben
101-124Views:0There were several pottery centres in the historical Bihar county region, all of which look back at a long line of history. However, it is difficult to create a valid picture of the pottery of former centuries, since very few dishes remained in the collections of museums, the place and time of preparation of which is known. Therefore, the vessels of the Lord’s table play a crucial role regarding the research of ceramics, because as they are unique decorative pots, in most cases, their makers left their name, date and place of making on them. These pieces of data might mean a starting point to determine the origins of other pottery without a date, such as the products of the so far little researched pottery centres of Bihar with a long history. In my study, I analyse the vessels of the Lord’s table that were made for the parishes of Bihar in the olden pottery centres of Bihar: Belényes, Mezőtelegd, Oradea, Marghita and Salonta. -
Bihari vonatkozások az önkéntes néprajzi gyűjtők és a honismereti mozgalom történetében
22-45Views:1In her study, the author presents the major turning points and several Bihar connections of the voluntary ethnographic collection in Hungary. In recent years, several pieces of history of science research works have been published on certain related topics and periods, and we can use these to briefly outline the historical development and institutionalization of voluntary collections. Such major movements and organizations were the following: at the beginning of the 20th century, the Hungarian class of Folklore Fellows; after World War II, the Landscape and Folklore Research; from 1952, the National Ethnographic and Linguistic Collection Tender; from 1968, the Native Land-Presenter Movement; also from 1990, the National Heritage Association; and finally, from 2013, the Tradition Ethnography Collection Tender. With regards to the Hajdú-Bihar County, mention the Cultural Movement ‘Korunk Valósága’ (The Reality of our Time) needs to be mentioned, which had been operating since 1969; and the Cultural Movement from Hortobágy to Sárrét since 1976, as well as the Hajdú-Bihar County and Debrecen Native Land-Presenter Association, which has been operating since 1991. -
Fellélegzés és illúziók – Nagy Imre első miniszterelnökségének visszhangja Hajdú-Biharban az MDP iratainak tükrében
5-20Views:1Both the power struggles after Stalin’s death, and the new course of Soviet leadership in the Cold War lead to a turn in the Hungarian government, as well. The Stalinist Rákosi was succeeded by Prime Minister Imre Nagy, and his reign started off with a huge wave of reform declarations. The whole country was relieved as a result of the measures that somewhat mitigated the repression of the system and slightly raised living standards. The reforms met also in Hajdú-Bihar an almost unanimous sympathy: from the cooperative owners through the individual peasants, from the working class through the intelligentsia, every social layer in the county found the parts they liked in the government program. However, several people wanted to see more in the reforms than what they indeed meant, at some places, people saw even the complete retirement of the system behind these measures. The party apparat took the measures facilitating everyday life (the “new period”) uncomprehendingly nation-wide, thus even in Hajdú-Bihar, and therefore they moved sluggishly to realize those measures, finding them too much. When the evolution of foreign policy of the Cold War created unfavourable conditions, the Soviet government also drew back from Imre Nagy. Therefore, the reform era – that was happily welcomed and that compelled further hopes, and at some places, illusions – ended. -
„Most pedig Biharról!” Raisz György jószágigazgató levelei a 19. század elejéről
40-53Views:1The Bihar estates of the Csáky family were still received from Sigmund of Luxembourg, and they became the ancient, shared estates. When their headquarters were transferred from the Principality of Transylvania to the Kingdom of Hungary in the 17th century, the estates in the Uplands and Transdanubia gained more importance. In the middle of the 17th century, Count László Csáky returned to Transylvania and established the so-called a Transylvanian branch that possessed the Bihar properties undisturbed until the middle of the 18th century. Then, during the bishopric of Miklós Csáky in Oradea, the members of the upland branch regained the manors, and after a short time, those manors were pledged again to the Transylvanian landowners. However, from 1784 they were finally taken into their hands, and from the first years of the 19th century, the members of the upland branch shared them among themselves, trying out joint possession. The family correspondence contains writings from the trustee contacting his widow after the death of János Csáky, the principal representative of the upland branch, the director of the family. From this, we can get additions about the intention and plans on the division of the estate. And also, on the basis of the three letters published here, about how the best manors got into the hands of Mrs. János Csáky (Jozefa Zichy), and what the role of the property manager was in this. -
A Berettyó Kulturális Központ – Bihari Múzeum létrejötte, működése és szakmai gyűjteményei
57-66Views:1The Bihar Museum in Berettyóújfalu is the Bihar area’s regional museum with four decades of history. It opened in the former residence of the Fényes family in October 1974. In 2001, it moved to the Main Square, into the first floor of the former village hall. From 1 February 2016, it has been the member institution of the newly formed Berettyó Cultural Center. The museum performs research and collection work on Bihar’s history, ethnography, folklore and literary history. The temporary exhibition hall organizes 4-6 exhibitions in a year, partly based on its own collection, and partly from the works of local artists, objects of collectors, and partly by presenting traveling exhibitions. It also carries out a wide-ranging public education task, and it has several decades history in museum educational work. The implementation of its programs are helped by non-governmental organizations, local enterpretours and volunteers. On the Museum of the Year national competition, it was rewarded twice (2004, 2011) with the ministerial special prize; and on the Museums’ 2015 Picnic, the institute was awarded with the „Museum of the Year 2014” honourable title. -
A Bihar megyei nemzetőrség szerepe Erdély szabadságharcában (1848–49)
22-35Views:1The national guards established in Hungary, including in Bihar County, Nagyvárad, and Debrecen, were local law enforcement forces. However, the difficult situation of the country required the mobilization of the national guards and their deployment to various battlefields (Southern Hungary, Transylvania, Zaránd County). This study presents the operations of the national guards of the aforementioned authorities in Transylvania. -
A történelmi Bihar településföldrajzának alapjai
71-103Views:1In my study, I examine 564 settlements of the historical Bihar, using database analysis and cartographic method. Among the analysed traits of the settlements appear the following: nature conditions (terrain model, altitude and the presence of considerable watercourse), administrative traits (council status, historical-administrative characteristics and territorial extension), settlement geography traits (layout and historical character), and population geography traits (maximum population [population/year]; population in 2011, population change between 1900 and 2011, population change between 2002 and 2011, linguistic and religious composition).The examined traits of the settlements are represented on a map in order to reveal territorial correlations.Besides presenting the past and present states, the study also aims to find answers to the“Why?-s”. -
Levéltári gyűjtemények Hajdú-Bihar megye szocializmus kori agrártörténetírásához
23-39Views:1This study focuses on the local (county) archival sources of the cooperative farms of Hajdú-Bihar county, and examines the possibilities of how to use them, besides some basic questions of the socialist era’s public- and social history. Within this, the thesis intends to enumerate the essential sources for the collective farms- and post-World War II agriculture research by highlighting the importance and utilization practice of the archival writings and collections (data warehouse, archival reference library, and oral history resources). -
Bihar megye román megszállása, 1919–1920
93-109Views:1In our study, we concentrate on the Romanian occupation of the area of Bihar county. For this topic, we have used documents of deputy-lieutenants, and death records from the settlements of the county, the press data from Oradea and Salonta in Hungary, as well as the local history literature. For the time being, we have not been able to examine Romanian resources, so the occupation can only be described on the basis of Hungarian archival documents. We briefly discuss the conflicts in the region and their consequences, and we present everyday life. -
A Méliusz Juhász Péter Könyvtár Helytörténeti Gyűjtemény és Fotótára
41-60Views:1The Méliusz Juhász Péter Library was created by the incorporation of the Debrecen City Library and the Méliusz Juhász Péter County Library in 2013, although it has already been performing local history activities via its legal predecessors for more than sixty years. The Local History- and Photo Collection, operating inside the new building, serves the research needs related to settlements of Bihar county and Hajdú-Bihar county. It collects and processes the county- and settlement monographs, local history bibliographies, volume studies, yearbooks, maps, newspapers, photographs, small prints. It performs local knowledge media monitoring, and builds electronic database from its material. The library organizes local-related exhibitions, book presentations, local history lectures and gives opportunities for local history researchers to present their research. During its activities, it diversely cooperates with educational and cultural institutions in Hajdú-Bihar County. The collection’s material can be used locally by registered and daily reader’s ticket owners. -
A Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Hajdú-Bihar Megyei Levéltára Oral History Gyűjteményének 1956-os interjúi
41-50Views:1The 1956 material contained in the Oral History Collection of the Hajdú-Bihar County Archives of the Hungarian National Archives might become an important resource for the researchers of the topic. The collection does not contain topic interviews, but it tries to present the antecedent lives of the participants, their roles during the revolution, and the time periods afterwards via complete life course interviews. By the latter, that is, through the passion of people struck by retaliation, the life of lawsuits and prison life also comes alive. The number of the ’56 interviews contained in the collection is 38, which is more than half of the complete assortment of interviews. Of course, most interviews are connected to Debrecen (19 interviews), the second most related is Hajdúnánás (8 interviews), followed by Berettyóújfalu (3 interviews), and then the material of the individual county settlements with one interview each. The interviews were prepared by Tibor Valuch (27 interviews) and Zoltán Völgyesi (11 interviews) in the years after the change of regime. The ranking of interviews in the collection follows the order of the date of entry. -
Hajdú vármegye kialakítása, közigazgatási változásai 1876–1950
28-48Views:1At the beginning of the last quarter of the 19th century, the administrative system in Hungary underwent significant changes, as the laws of 1876 (XXXIII) and 1877 (I) dissolved the historically outdated privileged territories that had existed for centuries – including the Hajdú district – and incorporated them into the county system, resulting in the establishment of Hajdú County based in Debrecen. The idea of this had already emerged after the suppression of the 1848–49 revolution and war of independence – during which North and South Bihar counties were created – but after multiple reorganizations, by the end of 1860 and early 1861, the previous county system was restored, including the privileged territories. Following the Compromise of 1867, the demand for administrative reform intensified: in 1871, settlements were categorized into orderly council cities, large villages, and small villages. From 1872, the separation of administration and justice was introduced within counties and districts, district courts were established, large districts were dissolved and replaced with subdivisions/districts. The final step was the dissolution of various sized privileged territories in 1876–1877. The definitive formation of Hajdú County was preceded by more than three years of "struggle", beginning in 1873, during which Debrecen emerged victoriously with the support of Hajdúszoboszló, as the city became the seat of the county, to which six hajdú towns from Szabolcs and several villages from Bihar and Szabolcs were attached. Its territory remained unchanged until 1945, when two large villages (Nyírábrány and Nyírmártonfalva) were annexed from Szabolcs County, and then, in parallel with the establishment of the council system, Hajdú-Bihar County was created on March 16, 1950. -
Berettyóújfalui és Bihar vármegyei választások a két világháború között
7-19Views:1The historian profession has, by now, clarified that the so-called Horthy-regime was an
authoritarian political structure where one-party dominance prevailed but other political
trends could also organize themselves with relative freedom.
One of the most interesting feature of this system was the operation of the limited
parliamentary system, which was provided by the suffrage between 1922 and 1938.
Until 1938/39, all constituencies of Bihar county voted openly, just like in the county
seat town, Berettyóújfalu. The secret ballot was restored in 1938 (1938th XIX. Tc.) and
the last election of the era was held based on this in May 1939. Primarily due to the
open voting, Bihar was considered a ruling party side county, although during the
1930’s, some opposition political movements such as the support of Smallholders and
the far-right (Nazi) party were also in rise here, just like in many other counties of the
Great Plain region. -
Bihari történet a Dunántúlról
40-56Views:1A joint episode of a town in Hajdú-Bihar County and a village in Tolna county was written in Hungarian history of the 20th century. The politicians of the post-war coalition period began to write the story, the completion of which was very much urged by the expectations of the masses, the irresponsible promise of a carefree new life, a feverish campaign, and perhaps a compulsion resulting from being a war loser. In the history of Derecske and Györköny, the common chapter was forced by internal migration processes that started in 1945 resulting from the land reform and the relocation of the Hungarian Germans in close connection with it. I have tried to explore the events so that we could remember, together with the people of the Tiszántúl Region, to what had happened. In quest of finding the truth, I have called not only the press articles of the time and literature for help, but also the memories of those who directly lived through the events. The bitter consequences of the political decisions of that time were shared by settled Hungarians and indigenous Germans. -
Bihari, Debrecen környéki és érmelléki lelkészek társadalmi jellemzői 1942-ben
39-51Views:1The areas Hungary gained back from Czechoslovakia and Romania between 1938 and 1940 considerably expanded the formerly split Reformed Church District of Tiszántúl. This justified the enumeration of the parishes and pastors, which was ordered by the 6712/1941 episcopal circular. By the examination of the source material made available thereby, I undertake to process the autobiographies – mostly from 1942 – of pastors from Debrecen’s neighbourhood, Érmellék, and the dioceses of Bihar from a social historical point of view. I draw conclusions for the history of the ecclesiastical society based on the analysis of altogether 114 autobiographies from the 3 studied dioceses. In the first analytical unit of the study, I examine the age and place of birth of the pastors. Next, starting out from the professions of the fathers, I study which layer of society the pastors might have had come from. In the last section of the study, I analyse the educational areas of the pastors writing the autobiographies. -
Beköszöntő
5-6Views:1A Hajdú-Bihar Megyei és Debreceni Honismereti Egyesület 2014 tavaszán elindított egy teljesen elektronikus kiadású, tudományos és ismeretterjesztő folyóiratot. A tervek szerint negyedévente megjelenő lap táji-térségi szinten, a Biharra, Debrecenre és a Hajdúvidékre irányuló kutatások fórumaként fog működni. A magyarországi kutatók mellett várja a határon túliakat, és biztosítja a lehetőséget az eredmények angol nyelvű bemutatására is. -
A kádári egyházpolitika Biharban
97-115Views:1The supremacy of the church traditionally spread out to the whole life of people till the end of World War II. However, this was straight against the atheist views of the communist leadership that was gradually gaining power after 1945, so the churches like the ’Clerical Reaction’ became the number one ideological rivals and pursued by all means their fight off. The proceedings taking place in several arenas started off with the elimination of the economic power of the churches, the fighting off of their public and political acts and of their educational position. The complete bled out of the denominations continued with the formation of one priestpastor layer that was mostly loyal to and dependent on the realm, until the forceful turn to irreligiousness, which the original aim was, took place in the mid-70s. In the present study, we show the local manifestations of this event in Bihar, comparing them via several examples with country-wide events. -
A debreceni lakatos céh inasságának származási hely szerinti összetétele
24-58Views:1In my study, I examine the distribution by places of origin of the locksmith apprentices joining the guild in Debrecen at the end of the 18th and during the 19th century. The basis of the analysis was the register of the locksmith guild of Debrecen as included in the Hajdú-Bihar County Archives of the Hungarian National Archives, which also contains the contract entries of the apprentices. I have been able to identify the place of origin of nearly 1,100 apprentices between 1780 and 1884, so I have been able to include 92% of the apprentices recorded by the scrivener. Apprentices arrived to Debrecen from 143 settlements, mostly from the villages and market towns of Bihar County. To find out more about the multiplicity of origin composition, I searched for answersto the following questions: Could the rural masters belonging to the Debrecen guild hire apprentices?; Which counties did the apprentices arrive to Debrecen and in what amounts?; Did more apprentices come from rural towns or villages?; Does the agglomeration designated by the places of origin of the apprenticescover the 19th-century market area of Debrecen? -
Bihar vármegye hadi népe 1704-ben – Módszertani összefoglalás egy tervezett kismonográfia kiadása elé
5-19Views:1A posztomusz tanulmány nem tartalmaz rezümét -
A legrégebbi fennmaradt bihari toronyóra története, avagy a belényesi óraper
5-23Views:1The paper discusses the history of the oldest surviving church tower clock of Bihar county. Installed in 1757, the clockwork is one of the earliest products of the Aszalai workshop of Debrecen. The specialty of its history stands in the fact that it used to be the subject of a decade of controversy, even law suit, surrounding the conflicts related to its repairs and maintenance between the Roman Catholic parish and the Calvinist-dominant city administration. -
Bessenyei György második exhumálásának jegyzőkönyve
59-66Views:1Since Bihar County's archival material preserved from the early 18th century therefore it is a real treasure for local history researchers. Its old pages are reporting about the history of the county and several settlements but also about significant, important, and sometimes simply interesting events. An example of the latter are the second exhumation protocol minutes of György Bessenyei, "the hermit of Bihar", who was one of the most dominant personalities of the Enlightenment. The document was lurking for decades and the coffin spike right next to it was also long-forgotten. I present the minutes by the occasion of the poet's 270th birth anniversary as a first stage of an ongoing research. -
Zubán Szávó (Szávó György), II. Rákóczi Ferenc legendás bihari szerb lovashadnagya
28-34Views:1Teacher Klára Papp's main research area is Bihar, the settlement and population history of Bihar. The protagonist of my short article also comes from this region, but he is a special figure. Szávó Zubán, or as it is usually written: György Szávó (or Száva) was actually a Hungarian nobleman of Serbian origin, from Pécska on the bank of Maros in Arad. Despite his origin, he was the first lieutenant of Rákóczi’s War of Independence. We know that he was a Hungarian nobleman from Gálospetri, but he declared himself to be of Rác (Serbian) ethnicity. He fought through the Kuruc freedom struggle, and then in 1717, he went to war against the Crimean Tatars invading from the North-East. Throughout the War of Independence, he was a senior lieutenant in the cavalry regiment of Sándor Károlyi, the commanding general in Tiszántúl. -
Nemesi szerepek a mezőtelegdi Miskolczy család 19. századi történetében
19-33Views:1he members of the Miskolczy family of Mezőtelegd were the key members of the
public life of Bihar county in the 18–20th century. The present study analyzes three roles
related to the 19th century elite counciousness, based on the family's document legacy.
The first example is jr. Lajos Miskolczy, the county's opposition politician, then
through the life of Sándor Miskolczy, we examine a soldier career, finishing with
presenting Károly Miskolczy's decades long history-themed collecting activities. -
A bihari térség templomainak régi toronyóráira és mestereikre vonatkozó újabb adatok. Kutatási eredmények összegzése
5-62Views:1This study presents recent data on old church tower clocks – from the 18th-19th century – and their master craftsmen in the Bihar region, as well as a summary of the results of our research in this topic. We recorded data or a series of data on our field trips, as well as on the basis of archival sources, relating to altogether 62 clockworks, and/or identified still existing clockworks and artefacts. Of these, 49 could be linked to a master-locksmith or workshop, which is the main benefit of our research. Most of the surviving artefacts, as well as the work of some of their masters, were largely unknown to the sparse literature on the topic. Significant additions have been made, first of all, to the work of the locksmiths of Nagyvárad (today Oradea – Romania) and Debrecen, as well as of Pankota (today Pâncota – Romania) and Nagykároly (today Carei – Romania).
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