In my study, I examine 564 settlements of the historical Bihar, using database analysis and cartographic method. Among the analysed traits of the settlements appear the following: nature conditions (terrain model, altitude and the presence of considerable watercourse), administrative traits (council status, historical-administrative characteristics and territorial extension), settlement geography traits (layout and historical character), and population geography traits (maximum population [population/year]; population in 2011, population change between 1900 and 2011, population change between 2002 and 2011, linguistic and religious composition).The examined traits of the settlements are represented on a map in order to reveal territorial correlations.Besides presenting the past and present states, the study also aims to find answers to the“Why?-s”.