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Discourses around the Great Hungarian Plain in Early 19th-Century Travelogues
1-25Views:5Through examining Hungarian travel literature from the first half of the 19th century, the present
paper aims to explore the representations of the Great Hungarian Plain and the discursive transformations
surrounding it. Its premise is that travelogues are not merely descriptive sources, but
texts produced at the intersection of contemporary spatial perception, aesthetic norms, and the
formation of national identity, that transform the landscape into a culturally mediated experience.
The paper's central thesis is that the image of the Great Hungarian Plain underwent a significant
discursive transformation from the beginning of the century to the end of the Reform Era: the
plain, initially characterized by negative aesthetic terms (emptiness, monotony, formlessness),
gradually became one of the privileged spatial embodiments of national identity.
The study concludes that travelogues from the early 19th century depict the Great Plain not simply
as a geographical space, but as a complex mental and cultural construct. These texts contribute to
the formation of a national conception of space in which the Great Plain appears both as a periphery
and as a centre, a paradoxical territory of freedom and exposure, familiarity and alienation. -
Városhiányos területek vizualizálása – A térinformatika és a gravitációs modell egy lehetséges alkalmazása a történettudományban a trianoni Alföld példáján (1910–1930)
31-69Views:0The ’digital revolution’ going on in all fields of science in parallel nowadays (in the case of certain disciplines, a ’digital turn’) has opened an interface of interactions in the last few years, which places interdisciplinary topics – among them historical-geographical research – into a new space. The present study attempts to represent through the example of the 19th-20th turn-of-the-century Great Hungarian Plain the economic and social historical opportunities and contexts opening in the mentioned sub-disciplines by the use of GIS, in parallel with the utilization, or deconstruction, of the canonized knowledge. During the research process, it turned out that the gravity potential model can also be used to visualize the results of the calculations in a GIS. The less attracted areas outline the areas, regions lacking cities in a differentiated manner in the resulting map. This method can be used to map 3 regions and 8 areas lacking cities on the Great Hungarian Plain. On the other hand, the results also made it possible to sketch a model of economic structure, which is hoped to draw attention in writing social history. -
A trianoni Alföld újraértelmezése. Lehetséges regionális történeti földrajzi, gazdaság- és társadalomtörténeti kontextusok a táj múltjának történelmiesítéséhez (1910–1930)
5-29Views:0There is a clear trend in recent years that historians are moving closer to more and more disciplines in the natural sciences, and that they are adopting methods in these disciplines or developing new ones for their own research projects. For this, I believe that the common language will be created by the digital revolution, quantification, which is still ongoing. Through “technological uniformization”, there is a growing need for the mass processing of data, building and interconnecting databases, and developing quantitative procedures for which, in time, a parallel narrative can be built alongside well-known master narratives. In my study, I attempt to historicalize the past of the Great Hungarian Plain for the first third of the 20th century in a different way than before, by concatenating several databases (GHA, ATTA, MÉTA) and using GIS (Esri GIS). A new result is that in addition to the construction of the railway network and water management infrastructures, the adaptation (!) of the settlement network also played a decisive role in the modernization of the Great Plain in the 19th century. The basis of modernization and economic structural transformation in the economic sense was the formation and spread of homesteads. The regions of the Great Hungarian Plain, where, instead of the city-village connection, the city-farm connection became the dominant, formed into highly developed centre areas (in a landscape context) by the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. However, the process of landscape modernization and urbanization slowed down perceptibly, even stalled at some places, due to global economic processes, reorganizing migratory movements, disproportionate landscape economic structure and growing social tensions, among others. By the beginning of the 20th century, another change in the economic structure of the Great Hungarian Plain became necessary, but this (also) could not take place due to the First World War. The Trianon peace treaty after losing the war was such a traumatic experience not only collectively but often on an individual experience level that the discourse that followed the propaganda-reinforced “loss narrative” obscured many of the aforementioned prepeace problems. Consequently, Trianon was not the cause but the catalyst for the collapse of the economic model of the Great Hungarian Plain. At the same time, it is a fact that in addition to the typically more favourable concentration of human capital in the landscape, the multi-centred developmental spatial structure formed within the landscape in the 1920s enabled a surprisingly rapid economic restoration for Trianon Hungary as a whole. Despite the slowing down of the modernization and urbanization processes, the development of the Great Hungarian Plain at the turn of the century, which was higher than in the Carpathian Basin, was able to ensure a relatively smooth socio-economic transition for a short time. -
Nyírbátor középkori főterei. Településtopográfiai rekonstrukciós kísérlet.
5-39Views:1Nyírbátor was one of the most important market towns of the Great Hungarian Plain in the Middle Ages. This status of importance was the result of a combination of several factors. On the one hand, the settlement served as the residence of the Ecsed branch of the Bátori family, which gained national significance from the 14th century onwards, as evidenced by the high-quality medieval built heritage. The other reason that increased its importance is that the market town played a prominent role in the system of trade relations between Transylvania and Upper Hungary, which was also helped by high-level royal privileges that were not entirely considered credible in Hungarian historical research. Several certificates from the 14th–15th centuries report in detail on the medieval settlement structure of Nyírbátor, but their interpretation is still problematic. The study attempts to reconstruct the medieval street network, and at the same time tries to answer the complex question of the circumstances and time of the construction of the today still existing huge main square, which has a regular floor plan, and which is considered to be unique among Hungarian market towns.
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