We encounter debates and disagreements every day. From this perspective, interpreting a debate may not seem extraordinary, but perhaps the polemic between Sándor Eckhardt and Jenő Pintér is more complex than an everyday opposition. The purpose of this study is to reconstruct the ideological background of the debate and to highlight the opposing positions of the two scholars. From this approach, Sándor Eckhardt's and Jenő Pintér's interpretations of the relationship between positivism and the history of ideas can gain meaning.