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REVIEW A BOOK "THE DROP. THE CLASS STRUCTURE OF THE SEMI-PERIPHERAL HUNGARIAN SOCIETY"BY MÁRK ÁRON ÉBER
115-119Views:293Review a book "The drop. The class structure of the semi-peripheral Hungarian society"by Márk Áron Éber.
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DISABILITY ATTITUDE FORMATION PROGRAMS THAT CAN BE USED IN PUBLIC EDUCATION
65-80Views:207Social sensitization created in an organized form can be an extremely powerful tool for society to become more accepting of different disabilities, and all of these can also support the more effective social integration of people with disabilities. Rejection or distancing can mostly be the result of a lack of information, so if society gets more insight and information about all this, a higher degree of acceptance can be assumed. In recent decades, the number of programs and events that set this goal has increased spectacularly. Based on the conclusions of international attitude surveys, it can be formulated as an essential variable the quality and quantity of information the respondent has about the given group, whether there is a person with a disability in his microenvironment, whether he has already established an interaction with them, and also the impulses received from the immediate environment, the family values can be an influencing factor. The foreign research on the subject also points out that attitude formation started at an early age can be really effective, and that the impulses received in institutional education can largely determine the attitude of students towards their peers with disabilities. After summarizing the international and domestic attitude research, an analysis of sensitization programs available in Hungary within the framework of institutional education, which may be suitable for shaping attitudes towards disability, was carried out with the help of a system of criteria compiled along these lines. The aspects of the analysis include how many types of disabilities are included, which age group the program is suitable for, with what intensity and how many times participation is possible, the nature of the knowledge transfer, and whether it is possible to come into contact with a disabled person, thus giving the opportunity to gather personal experience. The aim of the analysis is to compare the available programs with the results of foreign attitude surveys to identify the most optimal and widely applicable sensitization programs.
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MASS MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION WITH THE PROCESS OF THE DWELLING OF HUNGARIAN IMMIGRANTS IN THE SOUTH OF BRAZIL
57-72Views:64This work aims to answer the questions of, what is the communication and mass media role in the process of settling down in a new landscape through analysis of the publications and communications in the medium newspapers, ranging the year from 1921 to 1989. The main newspaper this research focuses on is the "O Correio do Povo" which is the main local newspaper of the city of Jaraguá do Sul, also the "Jaraguá: Seminarios Nacionalistas" another newspaper that circulated for a few years in the city. Thus, the focus is on reporting and analyzing the newspaper advertisements and reports, to answer the questions of, what is the communication and mass media role in the process of settling down in a new landscape by the Hungarian immigrants in the South of Brazil. Based on archive research, focused on the role of the media in the process of immigration and colonization in Jaraguá do Sul. The timeline range covers the propaganda made for the arrival of Europeans to the south - before 1891 as presented in books -, going through the publications in the local newspapers from 1921 to 1989. Finally, a brief introduction was made about the nowadays publications, reinforcing the role of the newspaper in remembering, which generates questions about its new roles in society under a digital acceleration. The whole analysis brought up also the main values and needs of the community during the first decades, through the portrait of the current in the past, which the newspaper helped to compose. Such aspects will help in the reflection of future analyses on how it was reflected in the local architecture.
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FIRST-GENERATION YOUNG PEOPLE'S CHANCES OF OBTAINING A DEGREE BASED ON A LARGE SAMPLE ANALYSIS
17-30Views:99Thy system of higher education can be analysed from the aspects of inequalities. The chance of attendance, the achievement, the phenomenon of drop-out, and types of training programs are approached from the students’ social background. Our analysis focuses on the chance of graduation of first-in-family people. The relatively rigid feature of Hungarian society and the lower mobility rate create a specific background for our research. Hungarian Youth Survey 2016 and 2020 databases were used during this analysis and we separated the subsample of young people between 25 and 29 (N2016= 2906, N2020=2874). We try to discover the patterns of parents’ educational reproduction, describe the features of first-in-family people, and identify those factors which can form the chance of graduation. A binary regression model was run by us in which the dependent variable was the obtaining of a degree and the list of independent variables contained socio-demographic variables (sex, type of settlement, the economic situation of the region, economic situation, parental educational level, the type of parental profession), different life events (crises, the number of children, etc.) and the identification with the parental lifestyle. With these results, we can identify such an intersectional life situation (being a woman, habitation in cities, more favourable economic situation, mother’s white collar work, medium parental educational level, without children) in which the chance of graduation is higher.
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HR TOOLS SUPPORTING EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY
7-17Views:188Hungarian statistical surveys, as well as previous research, point out the disadvantages experienced by persons with disability and a reduced work capacity on the labour market, due to which their employment falls behind the employment of the average population. In the background of these drawbacks, there are partially negative attitudes in the society and among employers which are based on prejudices. On the other hand, in the course of the integration and permanent employment of persons with disability and a reduced work capacity not only the accepting attitude of employers but also that of employees is essential. Employment policy instruments may facilitate the economic activity of the disadvantaged labour market groups but they may need their employers to help them further with employment, integration and work. The expected or received help of the open labour market or its degree do not always meet. No empirical research has been done into this topic yet. The aim of my research is to explore the attitude, approach, and knowledge of workers in social institutions in three districts of Hajdú-Bihar county and of the inhabitants in these districts regarding persons with disability and reduced work capacity. Questionnaire research was conducted, and altogether 747 persons (408 workers at social institutes and 339 citizens) were interviewed. The present study focuses on the exploratory-like results of the research which reveal the test groups’ familiarity with and knowledge of the application of those HR management tools that can further the employment of persons with reduced work capacity. The study assesses the results based on the following variables: sex, school qualification, position, previously gained knowledge about the reduced work capacity and work experience with persons with reduced work capacity. The results of the research suggest that for persons with a reduced work capacity the organisations mainly ensure the personalised field of work, preferential working hours, and accessible work environment, but it is not certain to be enough for the permanent employment of the target group as due to their mobility difficulties they would really need support to get to their work as well.
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CONNECTIONS BETWEEN SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS EMPLOYEES WITH DISABILITIES
7-17Views:1281Since the annexation to the European Union, exceptional attention has been directed to equal opportunities and equal treatment of disadvantaged social groups in Hungary too. The Hungarian state tries to ensure the first and foremost with legal tools. It is, however, not enough to result in lasting changes in the attitude of society. Personal experiences, as well as, positive messages transmitted by others can produce a positive effect on the development of inclusive approaches. With respect to sociodemographic characteristics (e.g. gender, age, school qualification) investigations into this field suggest different research results. The questionnaire data collection took place in three districts of Hungary. The research was aimed at questioning two test groups, on one hand, the employees of social institutions who mainly deal with disadvantaged persons, on the other hand, the residents of the given districts, who have the knowledge and approach of an average citizen. The ingenuity of the research is put down to the fact that in Hungary there had never been researching to explore the attitudes of social employees. A total of 747 persons filled in the questionnaires, out of which 408 employees in social institutions and 339 district residents. This present study discloses the deeper connections of the research results which are observable between the two test groups’ attitudes to persons with disabilities and sociodemographic characteristics. Its significance is crucial in identifying the characteristics of the colleague playing an actual role in the integration who, as a reference person, with his own personal involvement can promote the integration of disabled persons into workplace communities. In the research of attitudes three well-distinguished clusters were outlined, which were named as follows: accepting, uncertain/indifferent, rejecting. The study investigates what kind of sociodemographic characteristics the residents, and social workers who belong to the three clusters have. Do people who belong to the same cluster posses similar attributes in both test samples? What kind of attributes has the residents and social workers got who show a higher level of acceptance? According to the findings of the research, the attitudes of the district residents differ in age, school qualification, and personal experience, whereas in the case of the social workers the difference in attitudes depends on age and school qualification.
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Juggling for Effective Learning - Methods to Encourage the Acquisition of New Skills in an Optional Course at Óbuda University
91-101Views:20Play and learn, or learn while having fun. Unfortunately, in today's achievement-oriented society, education is all about getting a student to complete a predetermined task on time. This pressure can be very stressful for students, especially if they themselves are perfectionists and want to do their best, and fear failure (repeating a term) and the feeling of underachievement when compared to the abilities of their peers. The "Juggling for Effective Learning" course has already been offered six times to students at Óbuda University. The primary reason for the course was to help students who have a disability, primarily a learning disability (dyslexia or dysgraphia). However, students who are curious about the course are also welcome to attend.
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ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE SPORT OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES, I. E.: IS THE SPORT IMPORTANT IN THE LIVES OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES?
19-34Views:494The equal opportunities approach of the second half of the 20th century emphasizes the social inclusion of disadvantaged groups, including persons with disabilities. Education and employment play a key role in achieving integration. Nevertheless, other fields such as leisure time and sporting activities also contribute positively to the social involvement of persons with disabilities. At present nearly 7,000 persons with disabilities are registered in Hungary who pursue sports competitively, of whom approximately 5,000 persons with intellectual disabilities (Regényi et.al, 2017). The study discloses the partial results of a research aimed at revealing the awareness of the Hungarian population regarding the sport of people with disabilities. As such research has never been carried out in Hungary before, it can fill in a niche. The results of our exploratory research may be the starting point for further investigations. The importance of the topic is given by the fact that thanks to the sport the focus is on the outstanding performance of the social group concerned rather than on their limitations and deficiencies, which therefore reinforces the positive and accepting attitude of citizens. Previous research findings have highlighted that the nature of disability-related knowledge influences the way the members of society think about persons with disabilities, i.e. when it is possible to provide information and gain experience focusing on the existing abilities and strengths of the above -mentioned group, attitudes become more positive as well. The findings of the research reveal that respondents consider it important to pursue sport within an integrated framework, at the same time they feel it is justified to do segregated sports with a view to persons with disabilities. Based on the results we can state that the media coverage of achievements in sports competitions of persons with disabilities is perceived as low level, but apparently it is not considered to be a key area in the lives of persons with disabilities.
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„YOU DO IT QUIETLY, YOU HELP AND THAT'S IT.” THE EXPERIENCE OF VOLUNTEERING THROUGH A CASE EXAMPLE
89-106Views:104The largest population movement in the history of Europe since the Second World War has been the migration process of recent years, which also appeared in Hungary in 2015. The significant demographic movement has resulted in important social reactions and has developed different narratives in the civil and also in the power fields. In Hungary, the refugee issue has become a decisive topic of political discourse since 2015, and the party coalition was among the first in Europe to represent the security policy. As a result, the refugees appeared as a source of danger, so the government has rejected them. In spite of this, the grassroots volunteer groups were organized in the civil sphere, who helped the refugee masses passing through Hungary in 2015. This paper analyses a very brief but very intense manifestation of Hungarian civil society involvement as a social response to current conflicts. We will look at how the 2015 migration wave grassroots crisis management took place in Debrecen. This cultural anthropological research is based on online and offline participatory observations and semi-structured interviews and informal conversations with volunteers who helped refugees in Debrecen. This study focuses on the motivations, attitudes, social responsibility of volunteers and their voluntary activity embedded in broader socio-political conditions. The first part of the article shows the formation and operational peculiarities of solidarity philanthropic organization with refugees in Debrecen. Then follows the individual aspects of volunteering. Finally, it will be discussed the socio-political context of the civil voluntary movement, the political interpretations of refugee assistance, and its impact on volunteering. With outlining a segment of the contemporary volunteer phenomenon we can get closer to provide a framework for understanding the possibilities of the recent civil sphere.