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Leucojum vernum at the Súri-Bakonyalja and overview of its distribution in the Bakony Region
242-246Views:347In Hungary Leucojum vernum is considered a plant species of montane character, distributed predominantly in Transdanubia. Apart from some isolated localities (Zalaszántó Basin Mts, Tapolca Basin), the occurrences of the species are mainly confined to the region “Magas Bakony” and its periphery within the Hungarian Middle Mts. In the spring of 2020 a large population was discovered by the author in the region “Súri-Bakonyalja”, which significantly expands the known local distribution range of the species. The new population, together with other phytogeographically significant species (e.g. Anemone nemorosa, Corydalis intermedia, Veratrum album), was found in a poorly explored valley system (Kisbér village: Báró-erdő). Based on all literature and herbarium records, the local distribution range of L. vernum is surveyed.
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The clammy goosefoot (Chenopodium pumilio R.BR.) in Zugló (Budapest) and new data on the distribution of invasive species in NE Hungary
221-226Views:94The paper summarise occurrences of some rare invasive weeds of Hungary. We found currently second population at the Australian origin Chenopodium pumilio in Budapest (Zugló) in September 2016. Further, 27 occurrence data of 8 other species (Amaranthus deflexus, Echium maculatum, Lepidium densiflorum, Oxybaphus nyctagineus, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Portulaca grandiflora, Sarothamnus scoparius, Tragus racemosus) is also reported in the persent paper from the ‘Északi-középhegyég’ area (Northeast-Hungary), and some data from beside the Hungarian–Slovakian border, especially settlements, strongly disturbed places (especially road curbs, pavement cracks, train stations), indicating the Central European flora mapping system quadrate number. Voucher specimens were deposited in herbarium of Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest (BP).
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Astragalus vesicarius and other new taxa to the flora of the Vértes Mountains (Hungary, Transdanubian Mts)
195–199Views:151A conservation survey on the condition of steppe and forest-steppe habitats in the Vértes Mts revealed several plant species from the flora of the area that have not been reported before. From a phytogeographical point of view, the most important is Astragalus vesicarius, whose small population in the Vértes fits very well into the native distribution pattern of the species in Hungary. Another important steppe plant is Stipa dasyphylla, which is found in two locations in the Vértes Mts. Besides other taxa of conservation interest (Orobanche teucrii, Phelipanche purpurea, Rosa hungarica), some under-recorded species (Cerastium tenoreanum, Stellaria pallida), and some spreading weeds (Elymus elongatus, Euphorbia lathyris) enrich our knowledge of the flora of the area.
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Results of floristic and phytogeographical research in the Velence Hills (Hungary, Transdanubian Mts)
117–152Views:392A recent floristic mapping of the Velence Hills has clarified the local distribution of many plant species. This study presents records of 219 phytogeographically significant or sporadic/rare taxa (216 species/subspecies and 3 natural hybrids). The local distribution of some species representing typical regional distribution patterns (Alyssum turkestanicum, Artemisia austriaca, Bupleurum pachnospermum, Doronicum hungaricum, Hypericum elegans, Lathyrus sphaericus, Minuartia viscosa, Ornithogalum comosum, Scabiosa canescens, Sedum caespitosum, Sternbergia colchiciflora, Vinca herbacea) are shown on maps. More than fifty taxa previously unknown from the area were recorded during the floristic mapping, including phytogeographically significant ones, such as Bassia laniflora, Brassica elongata, Bupleurum praealtum, Centunculus minimus, Hypericum elegans, Orlaya grandiflora, Phleum bertolonii, Silene dichotoma, Stipa tirsa, Tordylium maximum, Trifolium diffusum, T. ochroleucon and Valeriana dioica. In terms of phytogeography, the Velence Hills can primarily be characterised by the co-existence of continental and sub-Mediterranean elements as well as species of acidophil and strongly basic habitats.
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Contributions to the distribution of Arabis nemorensis (Cruciferae) in Hungary
155-169Views:93Arabis nemorensis is a poorly-known species with sparse and mostly uncertain literature records in Hungary. A complete list of its known occurrences was presented in Soó’s synopsis in 1968. A few new records of this taxon have been reported since then. In the present study all literature records were evaluated by means of revision of Hungarian herbarium materials. Several vouchers were succesfully traced, and their identity as A. nemorensis was confirmed (Baja, Ercsi, Lesenceistvánd, Miskolc, Nagykanizsa, Szigetújfalu). In other cases, the putative vouchers belonged to A. hirsuta or A. sagitatta, thus the corresponding literature records proved to be erroneous (Balatonmáriafürdő-alsó, Gyenesdiás, Kőszeg, Vasboldogasszony, Zalaújlak). On the other hand, hitherto unknown Hungarian localities of A. nemorensis were revealed, specifically in the Bükk Mts. (Eger, Kács), the Bakony Mts. (Márkó), in the western Balaton region (Hahót, Hévíz, Keszthely-Fenékpuszta, Nyirád, Tapolca) and the Hungarian Plains (Csákvár, Debrecen, Egeralja, Fertőd-Eszterháza, Kiskőrös, Lébény, Ócsa, Sárszentmihály, Szigetszentmiklós). The species appeared to be new for the phytogeographical regions Bakonyicum and Nyírségense. Additionally, a few specimens of A. nemorensis collected outside the territory of present-day Hungary were revised in BP. The historical occurrence of the species at Torja (Turia in Romania) is documented by two specimens (Schur, 1853, as A. gerardi; Jávorka & Keller, 1943, as A. hirsuta). Another specimen that was collected in 1879 at Óbecse (Bečej) and labelled as A. glastifolia by Kovács was found to be A. nemorensis too. Since the identity of Schneller’s literature record (1858) from Futak is uncertain, Kovács’s specimen is currently the only, though historical record of this species from Vojvodina province in Serbia. Further specimens of A. nemorensis were discovered in the collections of Lengyel. They were collected and labelled as A. sagittata near Pomogy (Pamhagen) in 1910 (and questionably in 1919), probably representing the first gathering of A. nemorensis from Burgenland state in Austria.
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Cardamine occulta Hornem. in Hungary, and other stowaways of the ornamental plant trade
195–214Views:405During the study of the weed flora of garden centers in Hungary (among 2017–2020), remarkable populations of Cardamine occulta Hornem., a new alien for the Hungarian flora were found. C. occulta was present altogether in 51 of the 53 visited sites. Dominantly the regularly irrigated and continuously moist microhabitats (pots, containers, muddy surfaces of geotextile-covered beds etc.) were colonized. During the revision of our recently collected specimens, deposited in JPU and DE herbaria as Cardamine hirsuta L., further individuals proved to identical with this till overlooked species. One of them (27.08.2004., Heves county: Eger [8088.3; 8188.1], coll. by A. Schmotzer, deposited in DE collection) proved to the third documented occurrence in Europe, comparing to the accessed literature data. Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. and Urtica membranacea Poir. are also new aliens for the Hungarian flora. Several introduced individuals of these taxa were found in containers of imported thermophilous woody ornamentals at 4 and 2 sites, respectively. Tens of individuals of Eclipta prostrata were also found in a sapling-bed at another site. New populations of scarce or rare Euphorbia prostrata Aiton, E. serpens Kunth and Veronica peregrina L. were also documented.
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The ‘rediscovery’ of the Birdsfoot Fenugreek (Trifolium ornithopodioides (L.) SM.) in the Hortobágy, Hungary
207–212Views:287In 2009, the first author discovered an unknown population of Trifolium ornithopodioides in the Ágota-puszta of Hortobágy plain. In 2016, the second author found an another population in the vicinity of Karcag (Ecse-zug puszta). Up to now there was only one published occurrence of this species from the region. The specimen collected by Szujkó-Lacza Júlia, Kováts Dezső and Fekete Gábor in 1974 was deposited in the herbarium of the Hungarian Natural History Museum (BP), but this incomplete specimen was misidentified, and not Trifolium ornithopodioides. Therefore, this newly discovered site at Ágota-puszta should be regarded as the first trustworthy occurrence of this species at the Hortobágy plain.
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New occurences and spread of the adventive species, Torilis nodosa in Hungary
26-31Views:622Torilis nodosa (L.) Gaertn. is an Atlantic-Mediterranean weed species. Its old data are known from Budapest, but these may have been occasional occurrences, the species has not been confirmed in Hungary for more than a hundred years. In the last few years, we have found six new occurrences of the species in Hungary, one population in Budapest, and another five in some settlements on the northern shore of Lake Balaton. The species was observed in ruderal or intensely mowed urban habitats, in all cases. Intensive tourism has a role in its introduction for sure, but for the survival of self-sustaining stands and in its already perceptible regional spreading, the climate change trends, the increasingly mild winters, and the decreasing number of frost days could also be important. New data from Hungary are well connected to its other Central European observations.
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Continuing spread of Plantago coronopus along Hungarian roads
19–26Views:473In the course of our research of Hungarian transport routes, we observed an intensive spread of the Atlantic-Mediterranean Plantago coronopus L., a recently established species in Hungary. Between 2017 and 2019, it was detected in 47 flora mapping quadrats, which increased the total number of occurrences to 81 since 2013. Besides motorways, the main Hungarian transport routes were involved as well. 26 occurrences have been recorded along the roads 4/E60, E573, 8/E66, 86/E65 and 87, which are severely affected by international traffic. However, on routes avoiding international transit traffic, the species’ occurrences are still rare. In some cases, the predominant direction of traffic appeared to influence the formation of new stands. It is very likely that the first individuals that appeared along the section of the M86/E65 motorway between Szombathely and Hegyfalu in 2019, arrived primarily by northbound traffic, rather than along the road 86, which runs parallel to it only a few hundred meters away. Likewise, it seems certain that the spread of the species along the roads M1/E60, E75 (Mocsa, Tata, Páty) and M7/E71 (Fonyód, Balatonlelle, Kajászó) as well as the road 8/E66 (Bakonygyepes, Veszprém) is due to reproduction of older extensive local populations. At several localities along the outer bend of roundabouts or near the exits of motorways, a dispersal role of intense winter road salting was also observed. The largest populations were located mostly along ditches, next to the (often bare) lane of roadbeds that are heavily affected by mechanical and osmotic stress. The majority of stands were found within a 3 meters wide belt along the asphalt strip (5 meters was measured in the lawn of a cemetery once). Since the species is present continuously at several localities since 2013, it is considered as naturalised in Hungary, and its further spread can be confidently predicted. The current status of the species in Hungary is naturalised (non-trans¬former) neophyte.
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The occurrence of Viola collina Besser in the Bükk and Uppony Mts. (N Hungary)
254-258Views:115Herbarium revisions and recent field observations revealed the occurrence of Viola collina Besser in the Bükk and Uppony Mts. (northern Hungary). This species has not been reported from the North Hungarian Mountains thus far. Altogether 94 localities of V. collina have been recorded in that region between 2007 and 2014. A map of the species’ local distribution is provided. Local habitat preferences of V. collina are briefly discussed.
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In memoriam Lajos Felföldy [In Hungarian]
26–34Views:73A Lajos bácsi mellett töltött tíz növénytári esztendő (1993–2003), különösen az ezredforduló előtti évek, szakmai pályafutásom talán legszebb, legfelhőtlenebb szakaszát jelentette. Hozzájárult ehhez a „rendszerváltozás” időszakának reményekkel teli atmoszférája, a „most majd minden jobb lesz” szinte gyermeki (és meglehetősen naiv) lelkesedése. Az 1960-as évek óta Csipkerózsika-álmát alvó magyar flóra- és vegetációkutatás hatalmas fejlődésnek indult, köszönhetően annak a váratlan jelenségnek, amely a hazai szakintézmények elhivatott „fiataljai” (és kevésbé fiataljai), valamint az amatőr botanikusok nagymértékű és szinte egyidejű színre lépésében testesült meg. Rohamosan követték egymást a nagy jelentőségű, néha szenzációszámba menő florisztikai, vegetációtani és taxonómiai felfedezések, új flóra- és vegetációművek láttak napvilágot. Döbbenetes erővel ébredtünk rá, mennyi ismeretlent, mennyi kutatnivalót rejt hazánk növényvilága. A „fiatalok” között akkoriban még nemigen mutatkoztak a mások kárára történő egyéni érdekérvényesítés alattomos, vagy leplezetlen jelei, sokkal inkább az együttműködésen volt a hangsúly, és ezt a mozgalmat néhány „nagy öreg”, köztük Felföldy Lajos is melegen pártolta...