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• CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE HISTORY OF INDEPENDENT HUNGARIAN-LANGUAGE HIGHER EDUCATION IN TRANSCARPATHIA

  Katalin Pallay

  Ferenc Molnár

  Views:

  26

  This study aims to present the path leading to the establishment of independent Hungarian-language higher education in Transcarpathia. Transcarpathia, as a region and administrative unit, was established within the territory of the Czechoslovak Republic following World War I. After World War II, the region became part of Soviet Ukraine. The first higher education institution in Transcarpathia was the Uzhhorod State University, established by the Soviet regime in 1945. In 1963, a Hungarian department was established at the university, followed by the Department of Hungarian Philology two years later. The establishment of the Hungarian college of Higher Education in Berehove, which currently operates as the only independent Hungarian-language higher education institution in Transcarpathia, established the power shifts following Ukraine declares its independence and the period of higher education expansion. Local advocacy organizations and the Hungarian government played a decisive role in the establishment of the Ferenc Rakoczi II Transcarpathian Hungarian College of Higher Education, ensuring the supply of teachers for Hungarian-language schools in Transcarpathia.

• The LEADERS OF THE AGRICULTURAL HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF DEBRECEN BETWEEN 1868 AND 1945

  79-88

  Béla Surányi

  Views:

  135

  . In 2018, Debrecen's agricultural higher education celebrated a century and a half since its foundation. In the decades since, it has become the country's leading professional education institute for agriculture. It was born in the post-1867 Reconciliation era, realising the vision of the city's farmer society, in line with the  state's engagement, which extended the scope of central power, and gave a new impetus to Hungarian education policy and helped to launch the modernisation of Hungarian agriculture. This special anniversary has inspired the chroniclers of our times to provide an overview of the scholarly teachers of a century and a half who were school founders, who were at the head of the institution for a considerable period of time, and whose activities included enhancing the quality of Hungarian agricultural higher education. The articles in the university history journal, Gerundium, serve this purpose.
  
  

• COMMON MEMORIES ABOUT THE GREAT PROFESSOR-INDIVIDUALITIES OF AGRICULTURAL HIGHER EDUCATION OF DEBRECEN AND MAGYARÓVÁR.

  229-243

  Antal Tenk

  Béla Surányi

  Zsolt Nemessályi

  Views:

  165

  In the history of domestic vocational education in agriculture,  the year 2018 has recorded itself onto the pages of history’s golden book with two significant anniversaries. Mosonmagyarovar celebrated the bicentenary of its birth and Debrecen celebrated its existence of a century and a half. These  two higher education institutions were called to life by different reasons. While Ovar opened its gates to a private initiative, in Debrecen the local farmer society was the driving force with the binding precondition to which was connected tightly to have the mother tongue education accepted by the Viennese court. The time proved afterwards that the education in Hungarian language did not go to the detriment of expertise at none of the institutions. It must be acknowledged that in the field of vocational training, Magyarovar was the one which gave the first large faculty of teachers but soon Debrecen outgrew itself to the acropolis of vocational training too. The Ministry of Agriculture solved the incidental differences of standards by switching teachers. Owing to this, some professor-individualities had the chance to teach at both places. In our compilation – as a sample – we selected a few meaningful personalities with great authority who are claimed to have by both university faculties.

• A magyar mezőgazdasági szakoktatás története 1945-ig, különös tekintettel a debreceni agrár-felsőoktatásra

  81-115

  Béla Surányi

  Views:

  318

  The History of Hungarian Agricultural Vocational Education until 1945, with a special Emphasis on the Agricultural Higher Education of Debrecen. The study mainly provides an overview on the organizational history of educational institutions of the Hungarian agricultural vocational education. It gives a perspective on the development of different types of schools from the lowest level of education, through secondary education to the institutions of the highest level, outlining the economic and social-historical aspects, also with respect to the relevant legislation. A special attention is paid by the author to the history of the agricultural higher education of Debrecen until 1945.

• Debreceni Református Kollégium teológiai oktatásának története 1850–1912. A Teológiai Akadémia a Kollégium oktatási rendszerében

  30-51

  Ábrahám Kovács

  Views:

  172

  The History of Theological Education at Debrecen Reformed College between 1850 and 1912. The changes in the educational system of Theology at Reformed College of Debrecen were heavily influenced by the political-social events of historic Hungary between 1850 and 1912. The first date signals the introduction of arbitrary rule of the Habsburg monarch who suppressed the Hungarians during the War of Independence in 1848-49. The closing date is the emergence of a new state run university in Debrecen. The study throws light on how the Organisations Entwurf tried to modernize as well as Germanize the education system in the Habsburg Empire. As a result, the traditional education structure at the College was entirely restructured. It brought about the disintegration of humanity and art faculty into a grammar school thereby only the law and theological faculties were left intact for a while. The Reformed Church District strongly protested against the dismantling its more than 300 years old education system.  It is the irony of history what the oppressing Austrian could not achieve, it was realized after the Compromise by József Eötvös, the Hungarian minister of culture, religion and education. Needless to say that education at all levels needed to be modernized and standardized. It is clear that it had a positive impact on the curricula of Reformed theological education in the long run. The paper introduces briefly the life of theological professors, their career with a view to their studies abroad and finally their works at various departments of theology. 

• REMEMBERING GYULA WALLESHAUSEN (19232010) RESEARCHER OF THE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION

  216-226

  Erzsébet Koósné Török

  Szilvia Molnár

  Views:

  111

  On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth, we commemorate Gyula Walleshausen, an outstanding and dedicated authority in the Hungarian librarianship and the first great generation of librarians after 1945, and in addition, one of the most important researchers in the history of Hungarian agricultural education, agricultural higher education and agricultural vocational training. In the course of his work as a librarian and historian, he respected, analysed with his competent knowledge and transformed the historical values of the past into volumes with scientific precision, thus preserving and handing them down to posterity. His writings on librarianship and university history are indispensable, important basic works for anyone researching a subject he studied or anyone who is simply interested in the history of a library issue, institution or discipline. In this article, we commemorate his entire career and his work, but above all his work as an agricultural historian.

   

• PORTRAIT OF DEZSŐ SZABÓ, PROFESSOR OF HISTORY

  Attila Marosvári

  Views:

  19

  Dezső Szabó was professor of history at the University of Debrecen for 35 years from 1924 to 1959. He graduated from the University of Budapest with a degree in History and Latin. It was at the instigation of his patron, Henrik Marczali, that he began his research on the Hungarian assemblies of the pre-Mohács period. He also wrote his doctoral dissertation on this topic. Thanks to his excellent academic achievements, he graduated from the university with a royal gold ring of honour (sub auspiciis regis). He taught for many years in secondary schools and in 1912 became a privatdocent at the Budapest University of Science. In February 1924, Governor Miklós Horthy appointed him full professor of medieval and modern (universal) history at the University of Debrecen. At that time, his research was already focused on the Urbarium of Maria Theresa. In 1931 he was elected a corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He published relatively little and concentrated his activities on secondary school teacher training. He was the dean of the Faculty of Humanities for four academic years. He made an invaluable contribution to the reorganisation of university education in 1944. Despite this, he was repeatedly persecuted under the new regime and was only able to retain his chair thanks to the intervention of his influential students. He retired at the age of 77. The second and third volumes of his work, A magyarországi úrbérrendezés története Mária Terézia korában, which is considered the major work of his life, are still awaiting publication.

• Studies of the History of Theology and the Education of Reformate Minister between 1850-2000. Editors: Levente Béla Baráth and Károly Fekete

  János Barta

  Views:

  150

  The book is the 4th volume of the serie of the History of the Teological Education in Debrecen

• Városjáró jogászképzés a debreceni jogi oktatás helyszíneinek alakulása, különös tekintettel a mai Kassai úti Campus történetére

  88-103

  Zoltán Megyeri-Pálffi

  Views:

  187

  Moving Legal Education – The Evolution of Locality of the Legal Education in Debrecen with special regard to the History of Campus Kassai. The legal education in Debrecen has a long history. It started in the Reformed Collage of Debrecen in the middle of the 18^th century. As a state university, it was established by the Act XXXVI of 1912. Until the main building of the University of Debrecen was completed (1932) the Faculty of Law had been operating in many places in the city. First, in the building of Reformed Collage, but some legal departments were in an apartment house on the main street. After 1932, the faculty of law had suitable offices in the main building of the University. Between 1949 and 1996 the legal education was suspended, and its offices were occupied by other departments. In the year of 1996 a solution had to be found, the restarted legal education needed new buildings. The new place was found on the field of ex-soviet barrack on the Kassai Street. This site was a cavalry barrack before the WWII. Some of the original buildings can still be found today, and many new buildings were built in the last couple of years e. g. library, student hostel, educational buildings.

  The faculty of law has also found its place on this campus. Its last moving was in the year of 2015, and it has a nice old-style group of buildings now.

• ON THE HISTORY AND SITUATION OF THE HUNGARIAN RECTORS’S CONFERENCE – SEEN FROM DEBRECEN

  143-163

  György Bazsa

  Views:

  162

  The Hungarian Rectors’ Conference was established in 1988 by the rectors of 19 universities in the spirit of intensifying self-organization and representation of the interests of higher education. HRC undertook and played a decisive role in the change of our higher education, in consolidating its autonomy and social role, as well as in the preparation and implementation of the first Higher Education Act. The framework of its operation, the impact and effectiveness of its activities were further shaped partly by its own aspirations and partly by the frameworks provided or limited by the current government. Recently, the role and weight of HRC both in the radically modified domestic and the changing authoritative international higher education space has sharply decreased, although its active role would be important for our institutions, science and society: the voice of universities must be heard and recognized everywhere.

   

• A debreceni Stomatologiai Klinika története Adler Péter professzor vezetése alatt (1946–1979)

  11 - 23

  Barna Kelentey

  Views:

  402

  History of the Stomatology Clinic in Debrecen under the Leadership of Professor Péter Adler (1946–1979). With the approaching front of the 2nd World War in October 9, 1944, Professor András Csilléry head of the Stomatology Clinic left Debrecen because of his political views, so the institution remained without a leader until 17th November. Thereafter as a substitute, trainees then Stefánia Morvay Assistant Lecturer under the supervision of Professor Gyula Verzár was the head. From June 20, 1946, Péter Adler was assigned to the lead, which was one of the longest leading positions of the Faculty of Medicine since he was director of the clinic until July 1, 1979. Péter Adler graduated from the University of Vienna, where he specialized in the field of Dentistry and worked at the Department of Orthodontics at the Polyclinic of Vienna, while in spring 1939 he had to return home for political reasons. During the war he worked as a translator and then assigned to forced labor, and after the war, he was placed to the Stomatology Clinic in Debrecen. From 1948 he worked as a chief clinician, in 1952 he became candidate of sciences (CSc), and in 1953 he was appointed as a university professor. He received Doctor of Science (DSc) degree in 1957. He was a member of the editorial board of several foreign professional journals, he was accepted by several international editorial boards, wrote several textbooks. He translated two books written by others into German. He was chairman of the Association of Hungarian Dentists and Editor-in-Chief of the Stomatologica Hungarica. The main topics of the research at the Stomatology Clinic are: examination of hypersensitivity to dental anesthetics, clarification of many details of caries epidemiology, proof of the protective effect of fluoride against caries. Under his leadership there was a dynamic scientific work on the Stomatology Clinic, proven by the fact that between 1945–1980 12 books, 487 publications, book chapters and monographs appeared, which was unique among similar national institutions. He lay down the fundaments of the dental education in 1976 and contributed the architectural and professional requirements of the new Stomatology Clinic in 1981.

• Béla Pukánszky researcher and artist

  25-31

  Viktória Molnár-Tamus

  Views:

  122

  In the first phase of the history of the Faculty of Humanities, University of Debrecen, several lecturers were in close connection with arts. This study intends to introduce primarily the musical significance of Professor Béla Pukánszky from Pozsony. In the course of the research, I attempted to read and process the surviving documents of the personal legacy along with the critiques, reviews and jubilee studies written by contemporary scholars and colleagues. In Béla Pukánszky’s case, I relied on the documents preserved in the Manuscript Archive at the University of Debrecen (minutes, concert invitations, handwritten and typed music history performances), and especially on his wife’s correspondence. As a result, I report on Béla Pukánszky’s art-related scholarly and educational pursuits as writer and lecturer, and demonstrate the proactive role he undertook in the artistic life of Debrecen, Budapest, and the whole of Hungary. Thus, my work contributes to the previous research results on the important activities of the faculty’s and the town’s nationally outstanding intellectual circles in the fields of cultural history, cultural education and art patronage.

• The Unsigned Founding Charter. The Plan of the Economic Faculty of Budapest.

  102-110

  Vilmos Zsidi

  Views:

  138

  The unsigned Founding Charter. The plan of the Economic Faculty of Budapest. The adventurous history of the foundation of the Economic Faculty of Budapest dates back to the middle of the 19th century.
  This writing presents the history of the events which led to the foundation of the university from the beginning of the 20th century. In 1918, in the final days of the double monarchy, only one signature was
  missing to realize the plan. The study specifies longer jr. Béla Erődi-Harrach’s writing ’University of Economics’, which was also the base for the experiment of 1918 and the foundation of 1920. Altough it has
  been remained unknown in literature.

• MOSAICS TO THE THIRTY-YEAR OLD HISTORY OF THE HUNGARIAN ACCREDITATION COMMITTEE

  87-137

  Tibor Szántó R.

  Views:

  214

  MAB is an organization established for the external evaluation of the quality of Hungarian higher education institutions and their study programmes. It was established temporarily in November 1992, with legal definition in 1994. This paper is a concise chronicle of MAB's 30-year history. It attempts to provide only a few, but perhaps not insignificant, pieces of the mosaic for these 30 years, from the antecedents of the foundation, certain characteristics of the organization and operation, to the international and domestic embeddedness, to the question of MAB's place in Hungarian higher education. After presenting the beginnings, the primary organizing principle of the text is thematic, the historical thread appears within the topics.

• 100 year of the Medical Education in Debrecen: I. Faculty of General Medicine. History of the Instituts and Departments. II. Biography of the Professors of the Faculty of General Medicine

  228-232

  János Barta

  Views:

  180

  The summing -up book of the medical education history of Debrecen was published for the forth time.

• A NAMING INTENT THAT FALL INTO OBLIVION

  164-168

  Tamás Vincze

  Views:

  140

  1959 was an important year for pedagogy education in Hungary because this was the year that saw the beginning of pedagogy higher education start in eleven institutions of the country. These institutions started out as anonymous, and none of them were named after prominen cultural and/or  historical Hungarian figures. The  ministry wanted to rectify this shortcoming as early as 1959/1960, therefore they organized a dedicated director’s session to discuss potential eponyms for each of the institutions. As a follow- up, the Pedagogy Training Division of the ministry requested the directors of the institutions in early 1960 to provide a brief justification for their name selection. The Teacher Training Institution in Nyíregyháza chose József Eötvös who was the most prominent benefactor of Hungarian public education, and a dedicated supporter of the development of teacher training. In this paper we present the invitation from the ministry and the response to this call from the director of the Teacher Training Institution in Nyíregyháza. Although the naming process was stalled in 1960, we believe that it is still worthwhile to acknowledge the intent that was not realized because it shows the will of the directors in Nyíregyháza to carry legacy and nurture traditions.

• History of the Stomatology Clinic of the University of Debrecen under the Leadership of Professor József Szentpétery and Gusztáv Keszthelyi (1979-2000)

  Barna Kelentey

  Views:

  230

  History of the Stomatology Clinic in Debrecen under the Leadership of Professor József Szentpétery and Professor Gusztáv Keszthelyi (1979–2000). From July 1, 1979 József Szentpétery was appointed to lead the Stomatology Clinic in Debrecen. His main task was the curriculum-development of dental education, that started three years ago and to bring it closer to the curriculum of other Hungarian universities.

  The lack of staff and facility also made it difficult to organize education. He brought teachers from Szeged and employed fresh graduates. In 1981 the new building of the clinic was completed.

  From July 1986 Professor Gusztáv Keszthelyi became the director of the clinic. He completed the reconstruction of Oral Surgery, established a new lecture room and created departments. In 1997-98 he created a new phantom practice room, thus more students could attend the 3^rd year preclinical practice. He inspired lecturers to do scientific work. Between 1994–2001 nine lecturers were awarded with scientific degrees. He wrote and edited a textbook that survived 2 editions. He went to early retirement in 2001, was later appointed Professor emeritus and returned to teach in Hungarian and in English.

   

   

   

• PÉTERFFY ÁRPÁD- PÉTERFFY PÁL: SHORT HISTORY OF THE TRANSYLVANIAN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND SURGERY

  287-293

  János ifj Barta

  Views:

  83

  Book review by János Barta about the book titled: The short history of the Transylvanian medical education and surgery (Péterffy Árpád and Péterffy Pál)

• CONSTANT VALUES IN A CHANGING WORLD- 35 YEARS OF THE SÁNTHA KÁLMÁN FACULTY COLLEGE OF ADVANCED STUDIES

  242-352

  Benjámin Regő Baráth

  László Nagy

  Views:

  277

  Student organisations, clubs and associations are always a distinctive and often dominant feature of universities in Hungary and abroad. Their purpose, and sometimes their function, is to cater to students' needs and areas of professional activity not covered by regular education and/or not covered in an orthodox way. The structure of higher education in Hungary, and in particular medical education, is rigid, partly due to the rules of the discipline, with lectures, seminars and practicals organised within a strictly regulated framework, which many believe does not provide sufficient scope to fully meet the dynamically changing needs of students, and thus the latest professional trends and technologies, as well as societal issues. Furthermore, the pressures of a busy curriculum and lack of time often do not allow for immediate reflection, experience, and processing of the challenges of our rapidly changing world. The organizations promoting students’ participation in research and various student-initiated organizations serve to fill this apparent gap and to meet the needs of students and teachers. The most prominent of these, in our opinion, is the Sántha Kálmán Faculty College of Advanced Studies, which has existed at the University of Debrecen and its predecessors for 35 years in an ever-changing form, constantly reborn like a phoenix. In this reminiscence, we are summarising the history of the founding and activities of the Sántha Kálmán Faculty College of Advanced Studies, relying on our own memories and experiences, archived documents, and the detailed accounts of former and current members.

• The STUDENTST OF THE JESUIT ACADEMIE OF BUDA 1713-1777

  182-195

  Júlia Varga

  Views:

  84

  The study presents the historical sources, history, students, educational level and attendance of the Buda Jesuit Academy (1713-1777), the Pest Piarist High School of Arts (1752-1784) and the short-lived Pest Law School (1756-1771). These are so far hardly known institutions of higher education in Buda and Pest before 1777, which laid the foundation for the subsequent flourishing of higher education in the capital.

• EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF ELEK DÓSA

  41-56

  Péter Nagy

  Views:

  79

  The aim of this study is to present the educational activities of Elek Dósa. The Dósa family played a very important role in the history of legal education in Marosvásárhely (Târgu Mureș). From the establishment of the legal education until the closed of the Law Academy, their three generations provided a significant part of the teaching staff. Gergely Dósa was the first who taught law in Târgu Mures. Elek Dósa was partly succeeded by his son Miklós and his nephew Gábor Vályi, who were always the leading figures in the teaching staff of the short-lived Târgu Mures Law Academy, which closed in 1872. Law played a central role in Elek Dósa's life. From a young age, he was preparing to follow in his father's footsteps and hoped that one day his son would take his place at the professorship. Although the family was extensive, it extinct in the second half of the 19th century.

• THE AMBASSADOR OF THE RECOMMENCEMENT: ISTVÁN BENCSIK (1953-1970)

  5-14

  Béla Surányi

  Views:

  89

  Agriculture played a significant role in consolidating the domestic political system after 1956. The rapid development of the Hungarian agricultural sector's performance contributed significantly to the country's relations with the economically developed regions of the world, with the so-called Hungarian model incorporating backyard farming into large-scale agriculture. However, this progress was achieved through an arduous road to development, resulting in internationally recognised vocational training standards in agriculture, particularly in higher agricultural education. Since the second half of the 1960s, there has been a noticeable development in the agricultural sector in Hungary. It has managed to preserve the creative traditions of its historical peasantry to a certain extent. The Debrecen agricultural higher education had a decisive role in the ambitious development of Hungarian agriculture. István Bencsik was an outstanding player in this process, actively contributing to the material and intellectual foundation of higher education in Debrecen. His work later impacted the agriculture of Tiszántúl and the wider region.

• Presov- Moving of the Lutheran Law School to Miskolc in the Academic Year 1918/19

  80-89

  Alex Durovics

  Views:

  185

  Prešov – Moving of the Lutheran Law School to Miskolc in the academic year 1918/19. The Law School in Prešov was (re)established in 1862 and became a very important educational centre for Upper
  Hungarian families. During the WW I the education was frequently disturbed by garrisoned military troops, and the substitution of fighting professors was a huge challenge for the school. Before the treaty of
  Trianon there were plans to move the school to Miskolc, but after the Czechoslovakian occupation of Prešov (December 1918) and the forbidding of the education in the Law School, the school moved in March 2019
  to Miskolc and started the education in the fall of 1919.
  
  

• LAJOS FEKETE, HUNGARIAN ROYAL MINISTER COUNCELLAR, DIRECTOR OF THE HUNGARIAN ROYAL ACADEMY OF MINING AND FORESTRY

  33-74

  Attila Bende

  Dénes Bartha

  Views:

  108

  Lajos Fekete, Hungarian Royal Minister Counsellor, Forestry Academy professor is a leading figure in higher forestry education, who achieved indefeasible results in creating Hungarian language education and the Hungarian forestry language. Between 1872 and 1891, he headed the Department of Phytology and Silviculture at the Royal Hungarian Academy of Mining and Forestry in Selmecbánya, and from 1891 until his retirement he headed the Department of Forest Management. He played an important role in the organisation of the Academy campus, the construction of new educational buildings and the development and furnishing of the botanical gardens, as well as in the compilation and development of collections related to the subjects he taught (zoology, entomology, botany, climatology and soil science). Hungarian experiments in forestry began to take institutional form in 1897/98, and Lajos Fekete was responsible for this, as well as for the idea of establishing forestry education on a secondary level. Although he had already exceeded the possible age of retirement in 1894, his tireless work ethic kept him in the Academy. He enjoyed the confidence of the Academy's teaching staff and served as vice-principal in the academic year 1892/93, then as director in the academic years 1897/98, 1898/1899 and 1899/1900, and was also head of the forestry department. At the age of 69, on 1 October 1906, he was retired at his own request, because of his failing eyesight towards the end of his life. Thus, the last serving teacher of the first faculty of the Forestry Academy left the academy chair. On this occasion, he was awarded the title of Minister Counsellor in recognition of his services. In 1910, six years before his death, he received the highest recognition for his work, being accepted as a corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. There is no branch of forestry science in which his work has not left a lasting mark. Despite this extremely productive and diversified career, which produced outstanding achievements in all fields, posterity has treated and still treats Lajos Fekete, whose work and human behaviour can stand as an example to us all, rather cruel.

• The DEPARTMENT OF DERMATOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN IS 100-YEAR OLD

  131-153

  Andrea Szegedi

  Views:

  52

  The Department of Dermatology at the University of Debrecen celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2021. However, the year 2021 did not allow us celebrate this important anniversary properly, due to the COVID pandemic, so the festive meeting in honor of the Centenary and this commemorative article were organized and completed in the spring of 2023. History of the past 100 years of the Department of Dermatology is presented reviewing the main developmental steps in patient care, education, and research, remembering the legacy of our former colleagues and directors, furthermore to provide an opportunity to all employees of the University and independent readers to gain insights into this interesting, more than hundred years’ medical history of dermatology in Debrecen.