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• Roma employment – disadvantaged situation - labour market insecurity

  90-111

  Anita R. Fedor

  Rita Zakor-Broda

  Petra V. Balla

  Views:

  490

  The problems faced by disadvantaged social groups are complex and require a multidimensional, interdisciplinary approach. In our study, we present the employment-related results of a 2021 survey of a predominantly Roma local community living in a settlement conditions across several dimensions of quality of life. In addition to the employment characteristics of the target group, we explore their employment attitudes, work value preferences and related gender and social roles. Our results show a positive change in the employment situation of the local society, although general labour market insecurity remains to be seen.

• Situational picture of the employment of Roma people residing in settlements in Nyíregyháza

  32-44

  Anita R. Fedor

  Petra Balla

  Views:

  364

  In our study we present the employment situation of people residing in the Husar and Eastern settlements which can be found in Nyíregyháza. This study is focussing on one aspect from the many dimensions examined by the research into the life quality of Roma people residing in settlements. As expected, our results revealed that the residents of these settlements are at a huge disadvantage in employment. The extent of employment is mainly influenced by low education, the high number of children and their attitude towards working. According to our results, 70% of the respondents have been unemployed before and 49.8% of them are unemployed at the moment.

• Income situation, income conditions and income inequalities among the inhabitants of those living in settlement conditions

  63-75

  Gergely Fábián

  Views:

  169

  In the studied impoverished neighborhood, the incomes are significantly lower than the incomes typical of the national and the Northern Great Plain region. The low income is due to unfavorable employment, low educational level and household size. The national average is 2.3 people per household, however, here there are 3.2 per household. A significant part of the population finds it very difficult to live only from their income. In terms of livelihood-related expenditures, expenses related to houseing is the biggest problem for inhabitants. Typically, they are not able to pay their bills and deferring payments usually for rent and utilities is common. At the same time, income inequality exceeding the national average is found int the neigborhood. This is primarily due to the very favorable situation of the top 10%of those living there. this top 10% are characterized not only by the net amount of their income, which is significantly higher than in the neighborhood and also to a lesser extent higher than the national average. Not only are their incomes higher but they have smaller households and are fully employed.

• Trends and best-known results of research on Gypsy/Roma communities in Hungary

  5-32

  Magdolna Láczay

  Views:

  743

  Gypsy communities have been known in Hungarian majority society for half a millennium. However, sources are poor and only provide information on a few aspects of their lives. Some scholars have attempted to define this sporadic, small group of people when their numbers have increased significantly. In the second half of the 20th century, archivists and ethnographers began to investigate their origins, their common history, the origin of their names, and the specific characteristics that shape their way of life, language, culture and beliefs. Their findings have led to their being defined as a minority, but they are now estimated to number between 10 and 12 million in Europe.  There are naïve researchers and advocates of Gypsy/Roma history who believe that the glories of the past and the persecutions of the past are to be found, but in scientific research, the view is becoming increasingly accepted that the communities of the past centuries in Europe and Hungary, known by their collective name of Gypsy/Roma, cannot be described as homogeneous, undifferentiated entities, either historically, ethnographically or sociologically. Throughout history, Roma/Gypsy people and communities have not been made Roma/Gypsy by the same criteria, and therefore they must be understood primarily in terms of their social situation, so that their integration can be made possible and the national and EU programmes of schooling, compulsory employment and the dismantling of Roma settlements can open up real paths to social advancement.

• The impact of the support system on people living in segregated areas

  131-141

  Anita Krizsai

  Views:

  126

  The Quality of Life Panel Research
  in Nyíregyháza (2008-2018) has been examining the
  changes in allowances. Similarly to the national data, there
  is a decrease in household allowance, the allowance for
  economically active people, and the number of people getting
  allowances. This study examines whether these tendencies
  are the same in two segregated areas, the Husar and
  Eastern settlements in Nyíregyháza, since here the residents
  are in a more disadvantageous position which stems from
  their education attainment, housing conditions, employment
  and related financial situation. Although the rate of those
  who live and get allowance is higher than that of the city
  dwellers, despite being entitled to allowances fewer people
  have applied for them. In this study we examine the underlying
  reasons by analysing our sample through social and
  economic characteristics, and along their changing attitude
  towards allowances.