Effect of nitrogen on growth and yield of chili (Capsicum annuum var. ‘Marshal’) in Chitwan, Nepal

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Thapa Tamang, A., Bhattarai, R., Pant, M., Rimal, B. K., & Rokaya, P. R. (2025). Effect of nitrogen on growth and yield of chili (Capsicum annuum var. ‘Marshal’) in Chitwan, Nepal. International Journal of Horticultural Science, 31(1), 95-100. https://doi.org/10.31421/ijhs/31/2025/15522

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted from April to July 2024 in Rampur, Chitwan, to evaluate the performance of different levels of nitrogen on the growth and yield attributes of chili. The Marshal variety of chili was tested under five different nitrogen doses (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg/ha). The treatments were arranged in a one-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. Observations were for different growth and yield parameters, and data were analyzed using R-studio. The results revealed that all growth and yield characters of chili were significantly influenced by nitrogen levels. The plants treated with 120 kg/ha nitrogen produced the maximum height (45.6 cm), canopy (604.5 cm²), primary branch (8.67), leaf number (9.78), fruit length (6.26 cm), and fruit weight per plot (111.04 g). The 90 kg/ha nitrogen ranked second, with plant height of 43.12 cm, canopy cover 570.70 cm², primary branch 7.30, leaf number 9.23, fruit length 5.87 cm, and fruit weight per plot 103.63 g. All parameters were significantly reduced in the control, where no nitrogen was applied. The highest yield was obtained in T₅ (3.07 t/ha) followed by T₄ (2.98 t/ha), T₃ (2.67 t/ha), and T₂ (2.32 t/ha). The findings of this study demonstrated that 120 kg/ha nitrogen level resulted in the highest values for all measured traits and was significantly greater than that of all other nitrogen levels. Therefore, it is concluded that nitrogen dose of 120 kg/ha is the most economical for achieving better growth and fruit yield in chili (variety ‘Marshal’).

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