Keresés

Keresési eredmények

• Adalékok a Debreceni Egyetem Tanácsköztársaság és román megszállás alatti történetéhez

  79-92

  Tóth Ágnes

  Megtekintések száma:

  1

  When the Royal couple visited Debrecen on 23 October 1918 to attend the inauguration of the University “Clinic” site, nobody could have predicted that upcoming events would soon shatter the state order of Hungary and fundamentally determine the country’s fate. The town received the news of the monarch appointing Mihály Károlyi as head of government on 30 October. Citizens of Debrecen gathered in front of the Town Hall and demanded the display of the national flag. Soldiers pinned cockades in the national colours in place of their cap badges. The National Council of Debrecen was formed and joined the Hungarian National Council on 1 November. When the Republic of Councils was declared on 21 March 1919 in Budapest, the Directorate was also formed in Debrecen. However, the “glory days” of the Republic of Councils did not last long here, as
  Romanian forces occupied the town only a month later on 23 April 1919. When the Romanian occupiers left on 11 March 1920, they left a ransacked and impoverished town in their wake. The University of Debrecen had three faculties in those days, namely the Faculties of Reformed Theology, Law and Liberal Arts. The Faculty of Medicine was under organisation. In October 1919, Béla Sz. Kun, dean of the Faculty of Law initiated an investigation into the conduct of every lecturer and employee of the University during the time of the Republic of Councils. The investigation was later extended to include the period of the Romanian occupation. This study set out to review the public disciplinary proceedings against lecturers non-exhaustively, mainly on the basis of sources in the archives. The author demonstrates through the examples of a number of disciplinary procedures how retaliations happened in the Horthy-period.

• A tanácsköztársaság nagyváradi végnapjai

  5-12

  Nagy Szabolcs

  Megtekintések száma:

  1

  The Romanian occupation of Budapest ended the Council of Republic. However, the Eastern parts of the country had already been occupied long before that by the Romanian army that made a short-lived “ex lex” status by its dynamic thrust. The red forces fleeing from them lost control of certain cities that local civilians and/or soldiers had captured, in several cases clashing with the supporters of the dictatorship of the proletariat that stayed there. All this happened in two days in Oradea: 19–20th April, 1919. The city's contemporary events illustrate well all the issues and problems the civilian and military leaders faced who felt responsibility for the city and for the goods they were entrusted. Although the forces of the dictatorship of the proletariat could not defend the city, they even jeopardized it by not ending armed actions in the area. Thus, the citizens of Oradea not only had to prepare for the “welcoming” of the Romanians, but also had to keep the
  reds away. The presentation of the related events in Oradea can even serve as a good basis for a
  general examination of the issue.

• A katonai és polgári elhárítás a Tanácsköztársaság időszakában, különös tekintettel a Politikai Nyomozó Osztály eljárására – II. rész

  49-57

  Szilvássy Zoltán

  Megtekintések száma:

  1

  Pursuant to a decree issued by the People’s Commissariat for the Interior on March 26, 1919, the Red Guard succeeded the old police, gendarmerie and border guard. However, during the establishment of the Red Guard, the old law enforcement bodies were not actually disbanded, and the new organization largely took over their staff, and supplemented it by recruiting, mainly workers. It was much easier to organize detachments under communist leadership. The most notable of these is the Cserny detachment, which was formed from the Visegrád Street guard, seamen and sailors, with about 200 people (“Lenin boys”), and on the model of which smaller detachments were set up in the countryside. The Cserny detachment was subordinated to the Political Department of the People’s Security Committee, and its staff was further reduced during May and June. However, after the counter-revolutionary uprising of June 24, it was re-strengthened and assigned to the Second Red Guard district. Ottó Korvin and Tibor Szamuely directed the fight against the counter-revolution. Ottó Korvin was the head of the Political Department of the People’s Security Committee, and since the People’s Commissar for the Interior was mostly at the front, he worked quite independently. Major counter-revolutionary organizations were prevented in the capital, which were then retaliated by unbridled terror.

• A katonai és polgári elhárítás a Tanácsköztársaság időszakában, különös tekintettel a Politikai Nyomozó Osztály eljárására – I. rész

  35-56

  Szilvássy Zoltán

  Megtekintések száma:

  0

  Pursuant to a decree issued by the People’s Commissariat for the Interior on March 26, 1919, the Red Guard succeeded the old police, gendarmerie and border guard. However, during the establishment of the Red Guard, the old law enforcement bodies were not actually disbanded, and the new organization largely took over their staff, and supplemented it by recruiting, mainly workers. It was much easier to organize detachments under communist leadership. The most notable of these is the Cserny detachment, which was formed from the Visegrád Street guard, seamen and sailors, with about 200 people (“Lenin boys”), and on the model of which smaller detachments were set up in the countryside. The Cserny detachment was subordinated to the Political Department of the People’s Security Committee, and its staff was further reduced during May and June. However, after the counter-revolutionary uprising of June 24, it was re-strengthened and assigned to the Second Red Guard district. Ottó Korvin and Tibor Szamuely directed the fight against the counter-revolution. Ottó Korvin was the head of the Political Department of the People’s Security Committee, and since the People’s Commissar for the Interior was mostly at the front, he worked quite independently. Major counter-revolutionary organizations were prevented in the capital, which were then retaliated by unbridled terror.