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A katonai és polgári elhárítás a Tanácsköztársaság időszakában, különös tekintettel a Politikai Nyomozó Osztály eljárására – I. rész
35-56Views:0Pursuant to a decree issued by the People’s Commissariat for the Interior on March 26, 1919, the Red Guard succeeded the old police, gendarmerie and border guard. However, during the establishment of the Red Guard, the old law enforcement bodies were not actually disbanded, and the new organization largely took over their staff, and supplemented it by recruiting, mainly workers. It was much easier to organize detachments under communist leadership. The most notable of these is the Cserny detachment, which was formed from the Visegrád Street guard, seamen and sailors, with about 200 people (“Lenin boys”), and on the model of which smaller detachments were set up in the countryside. The Cserny detachment was subordinated to the Political Department of the People’s Security Committee, and its staff was further reduced during May and June. However, after the counter-revolutionary uprising of June 24, it was re-strengthened and assigned to the Second Red Guard district. Ottó Korvin and Tibor Szamuely directed the fight against the counter-revolution. Ottó Korvin was the head of the Political Department of the People’s Security Committee, and since the People’s Commissar for the Interior was mostly at the front, he worked quite independently. Major counter-revolutionary organizations were prevented in the capital, which were then retaliated by unbridled terror. -
A katonai és polgári elhárítás a Tanácsköztársaság időszakában, különös tekintettel a Politikai Nyomozó Osztály eljárására – II. rész
49-57Views:1Pursuant to a decree issued by the People’s Commissariat for the Interior on March 26, 1919, the Red Guard succeeded the old police, gendarmerie and border guard. However, during the establishment of the Red Guard, the old law enforcement bodies were not actually disbanded, and the new organization largely took over their staff, and supplemented it by recruiting, mainly workers. It was much easier to organize detachments under communist leadership. The most notable of these is the Cserny detachment, which was formed from the Visegrád Street guard, seamen and sailors, with about 200 people (“Lenin boys”), and on the model of which smaller detachments were set up in the countryside. The Cserny detachment was subordinated to the Political Department of the People’s Security Committee, and its staff was further reduced during May and June. However, after the counter-revolutionary uprising of June 24, it was re-strengthened and assigned to the Second Red Guard district. Ottó Korvin and Tibor Szamuely directed the fight against the counter-revolution. Ottó Korvin was the head of the Political Department of the People’s Security Committee, and since the People’s Commissar for the Interior was mostly at the front, he worked quite independently. Major counter-revolutionary organizations were prevented in the capital, which were then retaliated by unbridled terror. -
Database of the Lord Lieutenants of Bihar County, 1920–1944
58-69Views:11During Miklós Horthy’s regency, the administrative structures of the counties and municipally
autonomous cities retained the structures established during the Dualist period, headed by lord
lieutenants. This structure remained in place until the introduction of the Soviet-style council system
in 1950. In the case of Bihar County, attempts have previously been made to identify the lord
lieutenants who held office between 1920 and 1944. However, the studies published to date have
not yielded satisfactory and comprehensive results. The present paper therefore draws on official,
state-published sources to identify the individuals who held this position during this period. In
addition, supplementary biographical and administrative data suitable for comparison are also
provided: the lord lieutenants’ dates and places of birth, religious affiliations, dates of appointment
and resignation, as well as their previous and subsequent administrative or political roles. -
Egy elfeledett politikai botrány története: Horthy kormányzó 1923-as karcagi beszéde
79-92Views:1The long-known axiom in the world of politics is that not only written but spoken word, too, has weight and power. This is even more so when the words of a representative statemajesty are echoed in his own political environment, among his antipodes, and in the public opinion of other nations. Even at an event with a so marginal role as the 1923 inauguration of yeomen in Karcag, a scandal can be born and get international echo, if the first man of the state, Governor Horthy, who had been considered as the cornerstone of the system of counter-revolution, makes his thoughts and conviction public bluntly in ecstasy. But what a labyrinthine way does the uncertain content of a speech in Karcag take to get into the attention of the National Assembly, and then Little Entente diplomats? How does what was said in Karcag make its way into press in Prague, Paris, and London? How does the history of an interwar press scandal develop, and how does state powercover it up when it swells into an already unpleasant size? And what did the infamous speech contain? The author aims to provide answers and explanations to all this – in the light of resources. -
Egy partiumi zsidó ügyvéd politikai pályakezdete
26-42Views:0The present study makes an attempt to assess the political role-taking opportunities of Dr. Samu Kelemen (1862–1916) who was an Israelite and one of the representatives of Szatmárnémeti in the Parliament. From 1905, he was MP of the city that had been granted municipal rights in the Party of Independence and '48. Dr. Samu Kelemen, as a freelance intellectual, belonged to the middle classes. As a result of his public activity, the sought-after lawyer got integrated into the social life of Szatmárnémeti. Dr. Kelemen served as member of the Municipal Committee; moreover, as the director and later as prosecutor of the Trade and Industrial Bank of Szatmár, he also dealt with financial institutions. He was the main architect and president of the Chamber of Commerce and Economy of Szatmár, and was also active in the field of journalism, which culminated during the period of his political career. The character, public-political style, party preference of Dr. Samu Kelemen, as well as the rhetoric and content of his articles and public speeches at the beginning of his political career are studied in the present paper. An attempt is also made to reconstruct Dr. Samu Kelemen's conception of electoral law, since the issue of electoral reform became a dominant topic of political discourse from the governmental crisis of 1905–1906 onwards.
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