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• Egy különös látogatás – Bethlen és Gömbös 1933. januári debreceni beszéde

  47-52

  Gyula Kovács

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  1

  Bethlen and Gömbös both gave speeches at the National Unity Party's event in Debrecen in January 1933. Although the two speeches did not mark a turning point in Hungarian domestic politics of the interwar era, they did indicate that the balance of power between the two men was shifting and that Gömbös's appointment as prime minister was not simply a change of government but a step towards changing the political system elaborated by Bethlen. Both men made moderate statements and expressed mutual support, but the present paper also aims to convey the transitory nature of this situation, as they became open enemies the following year.

• A revíziós gondolat Bethlen István 1928. évi debreceni beszédében

  19-24

  Gyula Kovács

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  1

  István Bethlen's speech in Debrecen in March 1928 was an important event in the Hungarian revision policy between the two world wars. Among the foreign policy conditions that became more favourable at the end of the decade, the humble tone of the Prime Minister changed. In this speech, he formulated a demand for a more proactive revision policy by the Hungarian government. In the study, I covered the antecedents of the speech, and examined its content and most important ideas. My article focuses primarily on the statements in the speech that marked a shift from the cautious revision policy of the period 1920–1927, setting the tone for the foreign policy events of the 1930s.

• Szatmár és Várad kapcsolata az 1613. évi Báthory–Bethlen fejedelemváltás idején

  63-69

  Endre Mohácsi

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  0

  1613 is an important date both in the history of the Royal Hungary and of the Principality of Transylvania. In this year, the Turks put an end to the reckless and inordinate political career of Gábor Báthory, helping his former devotee, Gábor Bethlen, into the throne of Transylvania. With this, a long blooming started in the life of the Principality. The centre of Bihar county, the castle of Várad played an important strategical role already during the 15-Year War, Várad meant the gate to Transylvania. The Royal Hungary put efforts into getting the castle back – in vain – even after the death of Gábor Báthory. András Nagylucsei Dóczy received order for the turning over of Várad first as a royal commissioner, and then as the chief of the Castle of Szatmár. In my study, I present the relationship of the two castles in the closing days of the principality of Gábor Báthory based on the extensive correspondence of the chief of Szatmár.

• „csak az nagy Correspondentia foly köztünk…” Csáky Kata levelek a Bánffy-levéltárból

  64-83

  Klára Papp

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  1

  The ten letters written by Countess Kata Csáky (1726–1794) in the Archives of the Bánffy family (Cluj County Directorate of the Romanian National Archives, Cluj-Napoca) are a good complement to the sources published in All My Joys Were Mingled With Sorrow. Kata Csáky’s correspondence in 2006. This study finds the place of the letters in the history of the Count's family on the one hand, and on the other hand, it discloses the writings that have survived as personal resources. It is clear that the Countess sent letters to Dénes Bánffy until 1780, and to her son, governor György Bánffy (1746–1822) in the last years of her life. Kata Csáky made good use of the family relationships, not only considering Dénes Bánffy as a relative, but also as a supporter to whom she could send even confidential news, and whose special intervention she could request. In her letter of 1767, however, she clarified the role of the Bethlen-Csáky relatives in the abduction of Ágnes Bánffy. A sign of intimacy was that the Countess had sought and received personal support from György Bánffy, and so did her daughter, Rozália Bethlen, who expected the governor to “help with all my troubles ...”.

• „Eklézsiáknak, egyházi szolgáknak egyetlenegy dajkája” Tanulmányok Bethlen Gábor egyházpolitikájáról.

  125-128

  Bettina Nagy

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  1

• Az erdélyi arisztokrata hölgyek és a közügyek

  5-19

  Klára Papp

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  1

  This study examines the activities of Transylvanian aristocratic women based on personaldocuments (correspondence) from the second half of the 18th and first half of the 19thcentury. The members of the Csáky, Bethlen, and Jósika families were erudite, they were interestedin the problems of their environment, while also sensitively paying attention to the intentions of the Viennese Court besides politics. The aristocratic ladies gained useful knowledge regarding the social life primarily during social events, showers, and travels. They could also receive important information and judgement from letters discussing the foreign travels and meetings of men in their families. The aristocratic women showed interest in newspapers, and they also played a role in ordering certain press products. In the public life, it was the society of men that undertook a leading role. The accepted fields of activities for women were charity, aiding schools and the poor. Based on their literacy and political relations, Transylvanian aristocratic women (like Kata and Rozália Csáky) emerged, who drew attention by their interest, initiative, and theirown ventures, and became the founders of emerging civil initiatives.

• Az Egységes Párt 1922-es berettyóújfalui kampánya

  5-21

  Richárd Rajmond Szőke

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  1

  After the revolutions and the Trianon Peace Treaty, political life in Hungary continued to face several challenges. This study presents the political atmosphere that resulted the 1922 National Assembly election and its results. Berettyóújfalu was one of the constituencies affected by the new national border. Lajos Szilágyi applied for a mandate as a representative here. He was considered by the public of the time to be an active opposition politician. The United Party, led by István Bethlen and István Nagyatádi Szabó, also entered the fight for representative mandates. The ruling party exerted a lot of power to get its own candidates a mandate, as well as to obstruct the campaign of opposition politicians. This thesis seeks the answer to the question of how the campaign of the United Party took place in the electoral district of Berettyóújfalu, and how this series of events fits into the national election preparations of the governing party

• Néhány gondolat az udvari papokról és szerepükről a Rákócziak korában (1630–1655)

  17-32

  Annamária Jeney-Tóth

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  1

  In this study, I first analyse the population of the court and in that, the notion of thecourt preacher; and then I present, through the life of some former court preachers, what sociological background and qualifications the preachers here should have had, and what expectations had been there towards them. (The monarchs of Transylvania belonged to the Protestant confessions from 1604 till 1690, although this did not apply to all but most of their family members.) How did this change by the Rákóczi era? In what do and do not István Geleji Katona, Pál Medgyesi, György Csulai, János Dali, and Pál Keresztúri Bíró resemble their predecessors? Did their role change between 1630 and 1660 as opposed to the era of Gábor Báthory – Gábor Bethlen – Catherine of Brandenburg? This study aims to find the answers to these questions.