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• RIGHT TO LIFE IN HUNGARY AND IN THE EU: THE EVER-TROUBLESOME ISSUE OF ABORTION

  83-90

  Ferenc Zoltán Simó

  Views:

  428

  In relation to one of the human rights, right to life, most frequently there are, at least, two challenging fields might be brought up, one is death penalty, and the other is termination of pregnancy or abortion. If one intends to comprehend how abortion has been dealt with historically in the western legal tradition one must first come to terms with two quite different but interrelated historical trajectories, the ancient Judeo-Christian condemnation of prenatal homicide as a wrong justifying retribution; and, there is the juristic definition of "crime" in the modern sense of the word.

• The Discourse on Hygiene in Relation to the Role of Public Teachers in the ’Néptanítók Lap’ between 1922–1924

  7-17

  Tamás Frank

  Views:

  62

  The Covid epidemic has highlighted that the health care system alone is not enough to tackle a pandemic affecting a large population. In addition to medical and public health activities, there is also a need for educational activities in the education subsystem, involving the professionals involved. This is why it is important to look at the issue of health education in schools from a historical perspective, given the epidemics of our time. In the turbulent social and political environment following the First World War, public health was a less favoured area for policy-makers, while the physical and psychological trauma of soldiers returning from the war and the health of those left behind was a serious problem. The virulent Spanish flu, which affected millions of families across Europe, the devastating tuberculosis in our country, but especially the diphtheria and influenza, which were dangerous for children, posed a serious challenge to the scientific and educational scene in Hungary. The spread of a healthy lifestyle and education was not helped by the environment of schools (attitude of the maintenance staff, quality of the built environment, sociocultural tradition of the rural population, rapid spread of urban life). The alternative health approach and the life reform movement, although sporadically emerging in the period, did not appear in the mainstream of pedagogy, and health education progressed slowly, while, for example, child mortality, which is also linked to the health-conscious behaviour of parents, was blatantly high. The appointment of Kuno Klebelsberg as minister (1922) can be seen as a paradigm shift, as he is not only exposed as a minister with considerable experience in state administration, but also as a conceptual cultural politician who understood the challenges of education and popular education at the micro and macro levels. In our research, we analysed the relevant issues of the People's Teachers' Journal - a standard-setting publication of the Ministry of Education and Religious Affairs, which serves as a guide for teachers in practice - using qualitative thematic content analysis. The selected period: 1922–1924. Our questions are: how is the situation of school health reflected in the journal? What roles and tasks do and would policy-makers delegate to the folk teachers? What extracurricular tasks do they assign to teachers in the field of health education? Are there any patterns in the discourse in relation to school leaders? How have the teachers' organisations received it and what suggestions have they made to policy-makers and practitioners?

• ELIGIBILITY AND NECESSITY OF MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION IN THE PRIMARY SCHOOLS OF ÓBECSE

  7-28

  Leontina Horvát

  Mónika Kapás

  Ágnes Bagány

  Views:

  101

  The main purpose of ours degree work is to present multiculturalism, the importance, and necessity of multicultural rearing, and the way it is realized in Vojvodina. We also touched upon the conceptual origin and complexity of culture, because without culture there is no multiculturalism and the concept of multicultural rearing could have not been created either. Today we all live in a multicultural environment in which we are in touch, we meet or live together with nations of different cultures day by day, whether we want to or not. For this exact reason, it is very important for people to become aware of the significance of their own culture and be sensitive to other cultural traditions in the same environment. They should express willingness to accept and get acquainted with other nations which might greatly differ in their tradition, habits, identity, and religion. This is the only way we can create a peaceful world.