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CAN COGNITIVE SKILLS BE DEVELOPED BETTER IN THE CASE OF STUDENTS WITH BETTER ABILITY?
55-66Views:129Background and aims: An important issue of teaching and learning processes is how to assess and develop students’ cognitive abilities. The aim of the study is to examine the correlation between in class 5 and 8 class measured skill levels' attention, memory, and thinking. Assumption: The correlation is between the pre-tested skills level and the post-tested skills level in the pilot group. The students with better skills have developed better during testing than the students with lower skills. Method: During the survey, I monitored the progression of students brought under a group (n=174) who in development activities took part in 4 years. The follow-up of the participants' memory, attention, and thinking was done with tests known in talent management. Results: There is a strong, positive correlation between attention, memory, and thinking. Discussion: The strong positive correlation indicates that the students with better skills show greater development than the students with lower skills. The initial benefits appear in point of the chance of development.
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Cultural Resistance and Collective Memory: The Impact of Nationalism of the Vargas Dictatorship on Hungarian Heritage in Jaraguá Do Sul - SC
71-82Views:35This work encompasses an analysis of the dictatorship experienced in Brazil between 1937 and 1945, during the Estado Novo (New State), the government of Getúlio Vargas, when there was an attempt to consolidate a fictitious homogeneity in the country, especially regarding culture. In a country where layers of different cultural influences converge, making it rich, unique, and celebrated for its diversity, cultural heritage is of extreme importance. During this period, in a contradictory manner, through repression and adaptation of culture to fit the interests of the State, the period witnessed censorship and sometimes even the forgetting of cultural heritages that somewhat conflicted with the interests of the regime at the time. The issues that emerge are related to the impact of nationalism in the face of the repression of the expression of different cultures, through documentary research in primary sources, including publications in local newspapers and testimonials from descendants of the local community about the collective memory of the repression of the cultural expression of immigrants in the southern region, finally reaching the feelings generated that resonate to this day. The analysis reached a possible rupture and distortion of the collective memory, indicating how nationalism shaped and still shapes imagined communities. Amidst a discussion that also presents an analysis of the role of nationalist discourses in architecture and its homogenization.
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THE SYMBOLIC FIELD OF THE MEMORY SPACE IN THE BUDAPEST CHINESE-HUNGARIAN BILINGUAL SCHOOL
149-158Views:79The current paper is based on a research which was carried out in the public Chinese-Hungarian bilingual school in the 15th district of Budapest. The bilingual school transmits cultural memory by organizing activities such as traditional Chinese festivals and rituals and integrating practices. The main objective of the paper is to present and to interpret the Festive ritual elements and those kinds of rituals that constitute the school’s symbolic field of memory
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MASS MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION WITH THE PROCESS OF THE DWELLING OF HUNGARIAN IMMIGRANTS IN THE SOUTH OF BRAZIL
57-72Views:63This work aims to answer the questions of, what is the communication and mass media role in the process of settling down in a new landscape through analysis of the publications and communications in the medium newspapers, ranging the year from 1921 to 1989. The main newspaper this research focuses on is the "O Correio do Povo" which is the main local newspaper of the city of Jaraguá do Sul, also the "Jaraguá: Seminarios Nacionalistas" another newspaper that circulated for a few years in the city. Thus, the focus is on reporting and analyzing the newspaper advertisements and reports, to answer the questions of, what is the communication and mass media role in the process of settling down in a new landscape by the Hungarian immigrants in the South of Brazil. Based on archive research, focused on the role of the media in the process of immigration and colonization in Jaraguá do Sul. The timeline range covers the propaganda made for the arrival of Europeans to the south - before 1891 as presented in books -, going through the publications in the local newspapers from 1921 to 1989. Finally, a brief introduction was made about the nowadays publications, reinforcing the role of the newspaper in remembering, which generates questions about its new roles in society under a digital acceleration. The whole analysis brought up also the main values and needs of the community during the first decades, through the portrait of the current in the past, which the newspaper helped to compose. Such aspects will help in the reflection of future analyses on how it was reflected in the local architecture.
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THEORETICAL RELATIONS BETWEEN SPEECH PROCESSING AND NOTE-TAKING PROCEDURES
7-15Views:155This paper makes an effort to reveal the complex mechanisms by which the human brain operates when a person - by using various note-taking techniques - intends to create visible and lasting notes on spoken words, simultaneously with the speech (the contents of school or work presentations, or various discussions, etc.). This study describes the hierarchical procedure of speech processing (from hearing to perception), and also the parameters that may affect, impede, or perturb these operations.
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IS ABSOLUTE PITCH A SPECIAL ABILITY OR SOMETHING WE ALL HAVE? A REVIEW BASED ON GENETIC, NEUROSCIENTIFIC AND EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGICAL FINDINGS
69-75Views:146Absolute pitch (AP), the ability to identify and produce musical pitches without a reference point, is extremely rare and is considered to be a special ability. Although research has focused on this topic for decades, there is no consensus about why AP only occurs in 1 out of 10.000 individuals and how it is acquired. Therefore, the present article aims to review and reconcile the previous findings in order to understand the potential contribution of training and genetics in AP acquisition. Based on experimental psychological and genetic findings, it is concluded that although some components of AP are implicit and exist in the general population, both early musical training and genetic factors are crucial for AP development. This conclusion is supported by neuroscientific findings that provide evidence for differences in activations in specific brain areas between AP possessors and non-possessors.
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Moderate-Risk Prematurity does not Hinder the Development of Reading and Spelling Abilities Despite the Lower IQ
35-50Views:53Background and aims: It is well established that the impacts of prematurity are often long-lasting in the various domains of development, however, the published findings concerning the prevalence, severity, and background of disorders are inconsistent. As yet research into the development of abilities contributing to the academic progress in Hungarian preterm children has been scarce. Our study aimed to find out to what extent prematurity impeded the reading and spelling abilities in school age and to contribute some information on the cognitive background of the performances. Methods: Three groups of 7 – 12 year-old children participated in the study. The target group consisted of moderate-risk preterms. For comparison two groups of full-term children were tested: typically developing good readers and dyslexics. To assess the reading and spelling abilities the Hungarian version of the 3DM (Dyslexia Differential Diagnosis) was used. Cognitive abilities were assessed using the Hungarian adaptation of the WISC-IV and the Rey Complex Figure Test. Results: The reading and spelling performances of the full-term good readers and the preterms did not differ and the preterms scored higher than the dyslexics. The cognitive tests did not offer any direct explanation to this, since the preterms lagged behind the full-term good readers in the WISC-IV full-scale IQ as well as in several specific cognitive measures. The CART Decision Tree served to analyse the relationships, allowing to reveal the interactions and the moderation effects. Discussion: The CHC model as a theoretical framework and the CART Decision Tree statistical analysis proved to be fruitful to disentangle the complex interplay of the cognitive background factors. There are various cognitive paths of acquiring the reading and spelling skills, e.g., in case of relatively lower IQs the sufficient levels of memory and processing speed may ensure success.
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THE OXIPO GAME COLLECTION FOR DEVELOPING COGNITIVE ABILITIES
63-73Views:1190This study is a presentation of the first phase of a complex research project which aims to present the theoretical background of a new game collection (based on OxIPO model). We have compiled a game collection to improve cognitive abilities in early childhood. Concerning cognitive abilities, Affolter's (1972), Sindelar's (1994) and others' earlier developmental approaches took into account visual, auditive or motoric (inter) modalities of perception, however, we believe we need a more complex model to cover the full capability. Within the framework of the OxIPO model (Mező, 2002, 2016), learning is interpreted as an information processing process. In the OxIPO model (Field, 2002, 2016), Learning = Organization x (Input + Process + Output) allows us to control and systemize not only the input modalities but also the output modalities and also to interpret some cognitive abilities in the process phase. We have created a game-collection based on six input (visual, auditive, kinesthetic, olfactory, gustatory, and tactile) modalities and five cognitive abilities (perception, attention, memory, conceptual thinking, problem-solving thinking) and three output (visual, auditive, motoric) modalities. The outcome of the six input modalities and the five target abilities and the three output modalities there are 90 different games that can be described by the OxIPO model. In the future, we would like to prove with empirical studies that this game collection can be used for testing and developing 90 independent cognitive abilities. On the other hand, we need to prove that these cognitive abilities indeed influence the daily lives of children and their effectiveness.
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PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT IN EARLY CHILDHOOD THROUGH MUSIC EDUCATION
189-196Views:292The study focuses on a small but important segment of Hungarian culture, the musical education of children aged 3-7. Its central theme is to examine how the adaptation of folk games and related movements can be one of the most complex developmental forces in the personality development of this age group. This is because this period is fundamental in terms of cultural transmission and plays an integrative role in aesthetic education. As the pre-school child develops musically, his or her memory, imagination, associative abilities, creativity, attention and interest are constantly being developed through joyful activity, since his or her movements in connection with folk play are not yet guided and determined by the meaning and content of the text, but by the melody and its rhythm and the spontaneous feeling of joy associated with them. The role of musical education, and within it of folk games, is also evident in the process of emotional education, socialisation, intellectual development and language development. The links examined and presented demonstrate that folk games help children to develop skills that will enable them to become school-ready and to continue to develop in adult life.