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• EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF ELEK DÓSA

  41-56

  Péter Nagy

  Views:

  77

  The aim of this study is to present the educational activities of Elek Dósa. The Dósa family played a very important role in the history of legal education in Marosvásárhely (Târgu Mureș). From the establishment of the legal education until the closed of the Law Academy, their three generations provided a significant part of the teaching staff. Gergely Dósa was the first who taught law in Târgu Mures. Elek Dósa was partly succeeded by his son Miklós and his nephew Gábor Vályi, who were always the leading figures in the teaching staff of the short-lived Târgu Mures Law Academy, which closed in 1872. Law played a central role in Elek Dósa's life. From a young age, he was preparing to follow in his father's footsteps and hoped that one day his son would take his place at the professorship. Although the family was extensive, it extinct in the second half of the 19th century.

• Az 1944. április 11–12-én a Vallás- és Közoktatásügyi Minisztériumban tartott rendkívüli értekezlet debreceni emlékeztetője

  115-119

  József Mudrák

  Views:

  100

  The Debrecen Memo of an Extrordinary Meeting Convened at the Ministry of Religion and Public Education on April 11–12, 1944. In March, 1944, the German military occupation of Hungary plunged the country into a difficult situation, affecting among other things the Ministry of Religion and Public Education responsible for the institutions of higher education. Minister Jenő Szinyei Merse convened a twoday meeting for April 11 and 12, for the purposes of analysing the situation that evolved and for making
  the required decisions. The source material registers the proceedings of this meeting. President János Bognár of Debrecen’s István Tisza University probably had the text copied immediately after he had returned from the capital. The memo consists of twenty-five long and short items and these are about taking sundry measures, mainly pertaining to the simplification of administration for the purposes of an early closure of the academic year and a more severe interpretation of the Jewish laws.

• THE ORGANISATION OF A TWO-YEAR ARCHIVES TRAINING COURSE BETWEEN 1958 AND 1960

  122-133

  Csaba Keresztes

  Views:

  76

  Due to increased archival and records management tasks, there was an urgent need for higher education in archival education in the second half of the 20th century. After the first initiative, after the end of university archival training between 1950 and 1955, a two-year course organized by the Ministry of Cultural Affairs only partially filled the gap, and due to its lack of elaboration and accountability, it can only be considered a partial success. Its value can be seen in the fact that it tried to pass on targeted knowledge to participants who had already worked in an archive, so the training was not considered an “elite” course of history. Correction of the errors in the course was delayed due to the reopening of the jigher education of archivist.

   

• From a Protestant Law Student a Catholic Professor of Law in Linz (Johann Ferdinand Behamb)

  Béla P. Szabó

  Views:

  142

  From a Protestant Law Student a Catholic Professor of Law in Linz (Johann Ferdinand Behamb).  From among the law writers of Hungarian origin in the 17^th century, Johann Ferdinand Behamb from Bratislava emerges regarding both his efficiency and his awareness. After his recatholisation he became a law educator in Linz serving the Upper Austrian Orders. The paper tries to reconstruct Behamb’s education and teaching activity, also paying attention to a special type of school of higher education (Landschaftschule).

   

• Az egyetemi és akadémiai ifjúság politikai szerepvállalása 1830–1880 között

  59 - 77

  László Szögi

  Views:

  219

  The Political Involvement of the University- and Academic Youth between 1830 and 1880. The institutional network of the higher education in Hungary was very diverse on the turn of the 18th and 19th century and in the first part of the 19th century. In the multi-national and multi-confessional country, 88 institutions provided higher than medium level education. Most of these institutions were related to the historical denomination but besides them several state higher educational institutions existed. We reported about the student movements of these schools in this paper. In the first part of the 19th century the Holy Alliance’s system prohibited the foundation of student movements, although, in most of the institutions, reading circles and literature student associations were formed in which the leaders of the future national movements played an important role. The period of the revolution and the fight for freedom of 1848–1849 was significant regarding the student movements as well, because at most universities the studentry listed their requests aiming not only the reform of student life but the social changes as well. After the defeat of the freedom fight it was not possible to form student associations for ten years. But from the 1860s the battle for the national language of higher education marked the Hungarian youth movements. After the Austro- Hungarian Compromise, the studentry’s activity decreased, although they spoke in some political questions. For example, in 1867–1877, during the time of the Russian-Turkish war, the students in Pest and Cluj- Napoca stood against the Russians and not the Turks. This action produced that the university youth got back 36 valuable medieval codices from the Turks which were stolen in 1526 from the Royal Library in Buda.

• Az egyetemi élet átolitizálódásának megnyilvánulása 1939-ben Debrecenben – hallgatói feljelentés Tankó Béla ellen és Hóman Bálint levele

  117-120

  József Mudrák

  Sándor Király

  Views:

  177

  The Appearance of the Politicization of the University Life in Debrecen in 1939. A student’s Accusation against Béla Tankó and Bálint Hóman’s response. A very special source of the history of the Hungarian higher education and of the history of the University of Debrecen that accusation which was made in the autumn of 1939 by a student. This short and nameless letter was an accusation against professor Béla Tankó who had taken a note about the German origin of Bálint Hóman who was the Secretary of Religion and Public Education at that time. One of the students who was the member of the Árpád Comradeship Association wrote a short and modest letter to Hóman about it. This was a clear sign of the radicalization and the politicization of the whole society and of the life in the Hungarian universities. Also had been found the response of Bálint Hóman who sent back this accusation to Béla Tankó with a short letter in which he interpreted this as a wrong deliver. This unpleasant case had been solved by Hóman this way, but the radicalization of the students of the universities and the devaluation of the Hungarian political culture continued.

• A Debreceni Tudományegyetem Orvostudományi Karának hallgatói társadalma (1921–1949)

  41-73

  József Mudrák

  Views:

  97

  The Student Community of Debrecen’s School of Medicine (1921–1949). In view of the fact that the University of Debrecen grew out of the academic divisions of the Protestant College, the Protestant character of the state university can be easily demonstrated as present. What can be equally well seen are the facts that, one, the members of the student community tended to come from Debrecen or the larger Debrecen region, and, two, that Hungarian was the almost exclusively used mother tongue. As regards social distribution, the most frequent origins are from the intellectual and the smallholder class. A look at student support shows that until the beginning of the 1930s a smaller portion of the student body, whereas after this time frame 60 to 70 percent, received some kind of financial support. Student aid and reward could come from various sources: (a) from the university itself; (b) from the Ministry of Education; (c) the city of Debrecen; (d) private sources; (e) financial institutions and associations; and (f ) from the Protestant church. Unfortunately, the amount of these aids was rather limited and only a few students could be recipients. Student subventions in the post-1945 era was based on totally new priorities, however, its objectives were marred at first by runaway inflation, then class-struggle principles impacted on it by creating discriminative categories. Student accommodation, owing to the scarcity of reliable data can only be shown in an incomplete table; no creditable evaluation of these is possible.

• A zágrábi Tudományegyetem hungarológiai tanszékének története

  66 - 81

  István Lőkös

  Views:

  218

  The author gives an overview on the history of a quarter of a century of the youngest foreign workshop of Hungarian studies, namely, Department of Hungarian Language and Literature of the Faculty of Humanities of the University of Zagreb. The education on Hungarian studies started in Zagreb in 1944 and was precedented. At the University of Zagreb the Hungarian Language Department was functioning as early as the second half of the 19th century. Form 1904 to 1918, for almost one and a half century at the same place Hungarian language and literature was educated with the direction of professor Dr. Kázmér Greska. After the collapse of the Austrian-Hungarian Monarchy the representatives of the Croatian National Council radically put out professor Greska from the university and closed down the department. It was impossible to reorganize it in Yugoslavia between the two world wars. A new possibility came only after the independence of Croatia in 1994. The work in the department restarted on the basis of an interstate contract under the leadership of professor Dr. Milka Jauk-Pinhak and with the partnership of visiting teachers from Hungary. Today, under the management of Orsolya Žagar-Szentesi, 25-30 students start their studies at the department in each year. The function of the special college of translation of poetic works is outstanding. The department in 2002 celebrated the 900 years jubilee of the coronation of Kálmán Könyves as Croatian king with the representative volume of essays entitled Croato-Hungarica. The department was introduced in the „Hungarian issue” of the journal Književna smotra, the Zagreb journal of world literature in 2014 on the 20th jubilee of the department. Their latest publication is With heart and Soul/ Dušom i srcem Hungarian-Croatian Somatic Phraseology/ Mađarsko-hrvatski rječnik somatskih frazema (2018).

• Inscrutable Students.Searching for Enemy in Hungarian Universities at the Beginning of Fifties

  Petra Polyák

  Views:

  176

  „Unknowable Students”. „Searching for the Enemy” at the Hungarian Universities in the Beginning of the Fifties. The Communist Party organization of Hungarian universities, in order to fulfil one of their main tasks, i.e. to “unmask the enemy”, attempted to gather a lot of information about the students. They collected data through admission procedures about their class-origin, which was reckoned as basic indicator of their political reliability, while functionaries tried to force them to verbalize their opinion and to comment daily political events in obligatory courses of Marxism-Leninism and in other formal and informal discussions. Besides the identification of the “enemy”, the forcing of political statements had the purpose to get the chance to correct them. However, the overstraining of political issues, the circulating process of re-learning the same parts of Communist ideology over and over again, along with the overreaction of functionaries to politically “incorrect” opinions led to an unwanted effect. Reports on the effectiveness of contemporary practices of indoctrination stated several times that the ideological dissemination of knowledge does not provide some students with a world view, but rather a practical knowledge: the students, instead of revealing their real thoughts “learned to speak Marxism”.

• Magyary Zoltán miniszteri tanácsos átirata a m. kir. Tisza istván Tudományegyetem részére a főiskolai hallgatókra vonatkozó statisztikai adatgyűjtés új rendszeréről (1929. december 27.)

  100-113

  Sándor Király

  Views:

  126

  The Official Communication of Ministerial Counsellor Zoltán Magyary to the István Tisza University about the New System of the Collection of the Students’ Statistical Datas. In the autumn of 1929 Zoltán Magyary finished his famous memorandum to the Minister of Religion and Education Kuno Klebelsberg about the social care of the students of the universities. In this work Zoltán Magyary was urging to make a detailed statistical survey about the students of the universities in order to the government could
  take steps to solve their social problems. After this he began to work out those special questions which can gave the most important informations to the government. In the end of December in 1929 Magyary sent his official communication to the universities about the new system of statistical datas’ collection. The István Tisza University got very important instructions about the new way of the process of the collection. And this statistical survey was the basis of the famous statistical analysis of Laky Dezső (1930) which was the first detailed work about this. Magyary’s official communication is a very important historical source because this statistical collection system was being used to the end of this period. The evidence of it is the other published source, the official communication of József Asztalos which was sent to the university in 1939.

• STATUE INAUGURATION SPEECH – PROF. DR. GÁBOR SZABÓ

  261-263

  Sándor Bíró

  Views:

  116

  In October 2020, a statue was unveiled at the University of Debrecen's clinical campus in honour of Prof. Dr. Gábor Szabó, who played a pioneering role in the organisation of medical biology and later medical genetics education in Debrecen and Hungary. The personality of the professor, his main research results and international recognition were mentioned by one of his former students in his speech.

• THE IMAGE OF JUNIOR SCHOOL TEACHERS ON THE BASIS OF A LITERARY-CULTURAL EVENT ORGANISED BY A HIGHER EDUCATION TEACHER TRAINING INSTITUTION IN 1965.

  138-145

  Tamás Vincze

  Views:

  75

  . The source referred to in the title is the script of a literary-cultural event from 1965. At that time, it was customary for higher education teacher training institutions to organise “Institute Days” with the aim of boosting motivation and enthusiasm in students towards their chosen profession. At these events, the emphasis was laid on the beauties of a teacher’s job, highlighting their role in shaping future’s society, rather than on the presentation of the real difficulties of the profession. The published script is also a reflection of this intention, for the organisers of the event were trying to reinforce the belief in prospective teachers that they would become respected and highly esteemed members of the society. The programme also recalls the struggle and humiliation that teachers had to endure in the 1920s and 1930s, with the goal of emphasising the fact that, by contrast, teachers of the 1960s were in a much better situation and that they did not need to cope with such problems as their predecessors. In reality, the contrast between the two eras was not that sharp, since the layer of junior school teachers continued to be an underpaid and not particularly esteemed employment group in the society.

   

• Missing conditions to the start of a new higher education institution.

  182-190

  Tamás Vincze

  Views:

  118

  Missing conditions to the start of a new higher education institution.

• A debreceni agrárfelsőoktatás első 150 éve

  161 - 170

  István Komlósi

  Views:

  243

  The first 150 years of Agricultural Tertiary Education in Debrecen. The Georgikon in Keszthely was founded in 1797 as the first one in the line of subsequent agricultural tertiary institutions and was followed by one in Magyaróvár in 1818. It was fifty years later – that is one and a half centuries ago – that the National Higher Institution of Agriculture opened its gates in Debrecen. The speech that opened the first academic year at the new agricultural higher school was delivered by the then director Péter Papi Balogh and it has been preserved for later generations. On 5 September 2018, a hundred and fifty years later, Dean István Komlósi had the honour to recall the first 150 years of agricultural tertiary education in Debrecen. His speech is published in full length by Gerundium, the journal devoted to papers on the history of the University of Debrecen.

• A „nagy háború” hatása a magyar felsőoktatásra és az egyetemi ifjúságra

  90 - 96

  Róbert Kerepeszki

  Views:

  208

  The ’Great War’s Influence on the Hungarian Higher Education and Youth. The study examines the different effects that occurred as a consequence of the First World War, such as the reduction of student numbers due to enlisting the army, the society’s reaction to the increased number of women and Jewish students, the reduced activity of university societies, the loss of territory due to war, the continuous inflation, and the radical right wing’s reaction to the lack of stability of the Hungarian youth. These consequences resulted in the increased popularity of the so called association of army brotherhood. To sum up, the author concludes that the Hungarian higher education wasn’t well prepared for the war, which in turn resulted in a number of negative consequences in the following decades.

• A Debreceni Egyetem Műszaki Karának fél évszázada

  211-216

  Noémi Bíró

  Edit Szűcs

  Views:

  64

  50 YEARS OF THE TECHNOLOGY FACULTY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN. he study reviews the higher education background of the technology education from 1965–2000 in relation to its teaching and organizational history. It describes the anniversary ceremony of the Technology Faculty organized in May 2015. hrough a selection of the most important statements at this ceremony, the writing shows the reults of the Faculty in the past 15 years.

• Lichner József: The suffering journey of the Alma Mater from Selmecbánya to Sopron

  219-222

  Éva Sági

  Views:

  136

  The end of the First World War and the  decomposition of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy influenced a lot of the Higher Education.

• Láng Nándor, az első bölcsész rektor élete és munkássága

  32-40

  Tamás Gesztelyi

  Views:

  75

  The Life and Work of Nándor Láng, the First Philologist Rector. Nándor Láng, who came from a German family, in the service of the shared goals of a multicultural Hungary prioritized those ideals which asserted the education of an increasing number of  sophisticated scholars and scientists as well as elevating domestic science and scholarship to an international level. In the first period of his career, as a secondary-school teacher, he focussed on supporting the promulgation and teaching of classical culture
  through his scholarly activity, including the authoring of textbooks. A crucial turning-point in his life occurred when he was invited in 1914 to serve as head of one (Latin) of the departments of Classical Philology of the newly created University of Debrecen. In the academic year of 1916/1917 he was Rector of the university, a service that he fulfilled with a maximum commitment and a truly professional approach. The combination of his professional erudition and human characteristics made him an ideal pedagogue.
  He was active in Debrecen until 1932, when he retired, but he continued to carry on significant sholarly activity in the archeology and epigraphy of the Roman period in Pannonia.

• Feltáratlan emlékek Kenézy Gyula életéből és munkásságából

  54 - 78

  Róbert Póka

  Views:

  222

  Unexplored memories from the life and work of Gyula Kenézy. Gyula Kenézy is an outstanding historical figure of the University of Debrecen as well as of the City of Debrecen. Beyond many sculptures, street, prize, a hospital, and a civil society which carry his memories, the cities of Debrecen and Hajdúszoboszló regularly remember the renowned professor. Many monographs gave the account of his life and accomplishments, and a collection of his relics gained a permanent place for commemoration in the Museum of Hajdúszoboszló. Nevertheless, one-hundred years after the beginning of medical education in Debrecen, new pieces of historical records continue to enrich our memories about Gyula Kenézy. For the first time in its history, the Kenézy Memorial Day was organized by the Kenézy Civil Society and the University of Debrecen together in 2017. The program provided us with exciting recollections, and so far unraveled details of the life of Gyula Kenézy.

• ‘THAT HOPELESS LITTLE TOWN HERE’ – THE LOW COUNTRIES CONNECTIONS WITH EDUCATION IN OLOMOUC

  71-86

  Engelbrecht Wilken

  Views:

  50

  The year 2022 marked the 75^th anniversary of the appointment of Aimé van Santen, then first secretary of the mission of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Prague, which reopened after the liberation of Czechoslovakia in August 1945, as a lecturer in Dutch at the University of Olomouc, reconstituted in February 1947. This article examines academic links between Olomouc and the Low Countries from the 16^th through the 20^th century and the circumstances of the beginning of the study of Dutch there in 1947.

• Szoboravatás - Nyirkos István mellszobrának avatása

  166-167

  István Bitskey

  Views:

  122

  The Inauguration of the Bust of István Nyirkos. A memorable educator of recent decades has been the well-liked and popular Professor of Linguistics István Nyirkos (1933–2013), whose memory is enhanced by a statue erected on the sports ground of the Athletic Club of the University of Debrecen on October 5, 2016. In his inauguration speech, fellow professor István Bitskey conjured up Professor Nyirkos’s career, in which the harmony between sports and scholarship, intellectual accomplishment and physical culture not only complemented each other but may also have served as an example for members of the academic community. The outstanding athlete and the excellent linguist did not refrain from taking an active role in the management of higher education sports, which fact has been recognized by conferring the title of perennial president of the University Athletic Club upon him. His statue could not stand at a more appropriate location than the grounds of his third home.

• A szegedi Polgári Iskolai Tanárképző Főiskola és a Ferenc József Tudományegyetem együttműködése a tanárképzés szolgálatában (1928–1947)

  51 - 65

  Natasa Fizel

  Views:

  179

  The Cooperative Framework between the National Civic School Teacher Training College and the Ferenc József University in the Service of Teacher Training (1928–1947). In my study I demonstrate the creative process of the cooperative framework between two institutions of high education in Szeged, the National Civic School Teacher Training College and the Ferenc József University from the very first school year in Szeged in 1928 until the last one in 1947, that is, until a dispute that ended their cooperation. The discussion was aimed at the rate of role of the two institutions in civic school teacher training. My goal is to review the historical background and the method of research and then give answers to the following questions: what stages did the coming about of the cooperation go through? What effect did this collaboration have on the everyday life of the students? How is the dispute about the creation of the framework presented in the most important organ of civic school teachers, Polgári Iskolai Tanáregyesületi Közlöny (Civic School Teachers Association Gazette)?

• A debreceni Stomatologiai Klinika története Adler Péter professzor vezetése alatt (1946–1979)

  11 - 23

  Barna Kelentey

  Views:

  399

  History of the Stomatology Clinic in Debrecen under the Leadership of Professor Péter Adler (1946–1979). With the approaching front of the 2nd World War in October 9, 1944, Professor András Csilléry head of the Stomatology Clinic left Debrecen because of his political views, so the institution remained without a leader until 17th November. Thereafter as a substitute, trainees then Stefánia Morvay Assistant Lecturer under the supervision of Professor Gyula Verzár was the head. From June 20, 1946, Péter Adler was assigned to the lead, which was one of the longest leading positions of the Faculty of Medicine since he was director of the clinic until July 1, 1979. Péter Adler graduated from the University of Vienna, where he specialized in the field of Dentistry and worked at the Department of Orthodontics at the Polyclinic of Vienna, while in spring 1939 he had to return home for political reasons. During the war he worked as a translator and then assigned to forced labor, and after the war, he was placed to the Stomatology Clinic in Debrecen. From 1948 he worked as a chief clinician, in 1952 he became candidate of sciences (CSc), and in 1953 he was appointed as a university professor. He received Doctor of Science (DSc) degree in 1957. He was a member of the editorial board of several foreign professional journals, he was accepted by several international editorial boards, wrote several textbooks. He translated two books written by others into German. He was chairman of the Association of Hungarian Dentists and Editor-in-Chief of the Stomatologica Hungarica. The main topics of the research at the Stomatology Clinic are: examination of hypersensitivity to dental anesthetics, clarification of many details of caries epidemiology, proof of the protective effect of fluoride against caries. Under his leadership there was a dynamic scientific work on the Stomatology Clinic, proven by the fact that between 1945–1980 12 books, 487 publications, book chapters and monographs appeared, which was unique among similar national institutions. He lay down the fundaments of the dental education in 1976 and contributed the architectural and professional requirements of the new Stomatology Clinic in 1981.

• A Debreceni Tudományegyetem II. világháborúban súlyos bombatalálatot kapott Orvosi Vegytani Intézete helyreállításának nehézségei – Bodnár János intézetigazgató professzor 1945 novemberi beszámolója alapján

  159-166

  József Mudrák

  Views:

  90

  IN WORLD WAR TWO THE UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN WAS SEVERELY DAMAGED BY A BOMB EXPLOSION: THE DIFFICULTIES OF RESTORING THE INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL CHEMISTRY – AN ACCOUNT BASED ON THE ASSESSMENT OF PROFESSOR JÁNOS BODNÁR, DIRECTOR OF THE INSTITUTE (NOVEMBER 1945). In World War Two, on September 15, 1944, a severe bombing hit struck the Institute of Medical Chemistry of the University of Debrecen, in György Magoss Square. About one-quarter part of the ediice was ruined and a large section of the roofage was destroyed. he source-material is provided by Professor János Bodnár, Director of the Institute, who in the academic year of 1944/1945 also served as acting rector. His submitted assessment, which bears the date of November 30, 1945, describes the diiculties of the restoration, including the long delays in the construction work. he study highlights the diiculties of renovation, as well as the problems of ensuring the basic facilities of education.

• Beáta Tombi: Science and Popular Education in Italy in XVII-XVIII century

  László Pete

  Views:

  159

  Where we could draw the line between scientifique and general information publications? What are the main criteria based on which we could separate the scientifique and educational texts? These are the questions that are to be answered in the new book of Beata Tombi, lecturer of the University of Pecs. The book review was prepared by Laszló Pete.