János Bodnár as the director professor of the Institution of Medical Chemistry educated not only the first year medical students but as a subject lecturer– in the lack of faculty of natural sciences – at the faculty of humanities he took part in natural sciences teacher training of the teacher candidates, and he also taught those stud...ents who intended to obtain doctoral degree. In the academic year 1943 – 44, he functioned as the rector of the University of Debrecen that was hard work because of the war circumstances. In the next academic year, in 1944 - 1945 he again directed the university as the deputy rector since the new rector, János Hankiss was stuck in Budapest because of the fights. He concentrated on the temporary reconstruction of the war damages and he endeavoured to ensure the possibilities of education.

 János Hankiss started his academic career at the University of Debrecen in 1920. In the distinguished community of his peers who taught at our university between the two world wars, János Hankiss undubitably belonged to the top professiona...ls. If a university’s academic rank is determined not only by its local or national prestige but also by its international recognition and appreciation, then in this latter frame of reference it was perhaps Professor Hankiss who did most to put Debrecen on the map for Europe and beyond. Indeed, he would share his knowledge not only within the confines of the University: he was a popularizer of scholarship and of the literary culture who was ready to move beyond the narrow limits of his immediate professional field and to address a larger audience. Besides, his name is also associated with the still extant quarterly periodical Debreceni Szemle [Debrecen Review] and Debrecen University’s International Summer School.

In the second half of the 18^th century, a special educational institution functioned in the city of Pest: the city managed a law vocational school for 15 years, where the professor who was applied by the city mainly taught Roman law and canon law. The study describes the history of the school with special attention to the life, t...eaching and scientific activity of the only professor of the school, Paulus Lucas Perghold of Carinthian origin.

Turkish studies started in Europe later than Arabic and Persian studies. While research into Arabic was mainly justified by the underlying theological context, and Persian was attractive for its rich literary heritage, studying Turks and the Turkish language was motivated by two factors, one was the ever growing political and commercial sig...nificance of the Ottoman Empire in Europe, the other being the Christian mission. This article gives a short survey of the theme and treats only the major Turkish grammars and dictionaries that appeared in print. Having reviewed the first rudimentary attempts at describing Turkish in the 16th century, the first European Turkish grammar written by Megiser (1612) is treated, then Jakab Harsányi Nagy’s conversation book (1642) is the subject of the next analysis. Afterwards, a scrutiny of 17th-century French, Italian, and English dictionaries and grammars are analysed (du Ryer, Molino, Maggio, Bernardo de Parigi, Pietro d’Albavilla, Mascisci, Seaman, Vaughan). In the following, Turkish studies in Vienna in the 17th century are dwelt on, with a special emphasis on the works of Meninski and Podestà, two major figures of Turkish research at that time. After a short listing of a few dictionaries and grammars published in Leipzig, the foundation of the Oriental Academy in Vienna is the next topic of the paper. Finally, Turkish Bible translations are listed and a few conclusions close the article.

In the second half of the 18th century, an intensifying interest appeared in the Hungarian scientific discourse towards the ‘sciences of man’, and especially psychology. Problems, such as the place and function of the soul, its impact on the human body and the nature of mental disorders surfaced in the medical, philosophical and anthrop...ological treatises of the age, whereas the treatment of the mentally ill posed new challenges and demanded answers hitherto unaddressed by medical authorities. However, in medical education, individual courses on psychiatry appeared relatively late, owing to the lack of an institutional background that would have provided the necessary amount of empirical cases and a training ground for physicians. In the Habsburg Monarchy, the first plans to the teaching of psychiatry were proposed only in the 1840s by the leading physicians of the principal asylums established in Vienna (1784) and Prague (1790). Nevertheless, psychological knowledge surfaced in medical education, taught as part of courses on physiology, pathology, medical police, and forensic medicine. As for psychological knowledge, these courses offered the basic outlines of the cognitive faculties, the concepts of feeling and volition, as well as the most common disorders of the soul. The article compares the curricula and textbooks of the three leading medical faculties of the Habsburg Monarchy, the universities of Vienna, Pest, and Prague. The main argument is that even though practical courses were introduced well into the nineteenth century, psychology – as a principally theory-based discipline – was already considered an important ‘auxiliary science’ in medical education.

Although economics education has a history going back to the period of Maria Theresia and its position has significantly strengthtened by the 20st centruty, the future of the subject has been a bone of contention ever since the 19th century. The majority supported the establishment of an independent University of Economics, however this onl...y partially materialized in 1920 with foundation of the partly independent Faculty of Economics. The faculty struggled with financial and placement related issues, and it became part of the József Nádor Technical and Economics University in 1934. This redesign involving a number of academic institutions (Technical University; Faculty of Economics; College of Veterinary; and College of Mining and Forestry) seemed to be succesful. Although the global economic recession resulted in the decrease of the number of students studying economics in the 1930s, from the 1940s the student numbers started to sharply increase due to the economic recovery following the world wars. The Hungarian University of Economics was only opened in 1948, but the nature of the institution changed following the communist takeover, not in line with its original purpose.

The work and professional activity of the two recently passed wonderful librarians - Olga  Gomba Dr. and Klára Koltay, Dr. - deservedly mark the 30 year period, which we can definitely label as  transition. Not only the emergence of computers had a huge impact, but it has also brought paradigm shifting in workflow and the li...brarians' approach. It was in the early nineties when the higher education libraries reached a position from where it was possible to seriously consider purchasing integrated library systems and replace their card catalogs with online catalogs. 

The Hungarian Rectors’ Conference was established in 1988 by the rectors of 19 universities in the spirit of intensifying self-organization and representation of the interests of higher education. HRC undertook and played a decisive role in the change of our higher education, in the strengthening its autonomy and social role, in the prepa...ration of the first Higher Education Act and in its implementation. The framework of its operation, the impact and effectiveness of its activities were further shaped partly by its own aspirations and partly by the frameworks provided or limited by the current government. Recently, the role and weight of HRC both in the radically modified domestic and the changing authoritative international higher education space has sharply decreased, although its active role would be important for our institutions, science and society: the voice of universities must be sensed and heard everywhere.

1959 is an important year for pedagogy education in Hungary because this is the year that pedagogy higher education started in the country in 11 institutions. These institutions started out as anonymous, and none of them were named after prominen cultural and historical Hungarian figures. The  ministry wanted to rectify this shortcomin...g as early as 1959/1960, therefore they dedicated a director’s session to discuss potential eponyms for each of the institutions. As a follow up, the Pedagogy Training Division of the ministry asked the directors of the institutions in early 1960 to provide a brief justification for their name selection. The Teacher Training Institution in Nyíregyháza chose József Eötvös who was the most prominent benefactor of Hungarian public education, and a dedicated supporter of the development of teacher training. In this paper we present the invitation from the ministry and the response to this call from the director of the Teacher Training Institution in Nyíregyháza. Although the naming process was stalled in 1960, we believe that it is still worthwhile to acknowledge the intent that was not realized because it shows the will of the directors in Nyíregyháza to carry legacy and nurture traditions.

The database presents the list of students of two Hungarian gymnasiums from the 16th and 17th centrury. These details have been largely unknown to date but they help to complement the information we have of the protestant peregrination from Hungary. A large portion of the peregrines who attended the two institutions continued their educatio...n at one of the universities in Germany. Therefore, the informaton presented here provide an important contribution and reveal some of the peregrations paths of the 16th and 17th century.

Following German organisation, the Budapest Philological Society – which existed between 1874 and 1948 - colligated the specialists delaing with classical-philology and modern philology under its seven decades existence. Betweeen members were ancient studies and modern languages and literaries educating professors and teachers, who were i...nterested in there studies seriously. All the specialists published articles in the Universal Philological Bulletin, which was the journal of this society.
The study presents the managment of society with the exact dates, mainly by general meeting records. The society had honorary members from Hungarian and foreign specialists, the best known is Achille Ratti, later pope XI. Pius.

In the history of domestic agricultural vocational education, 2018 has written itself to the history’s gold book with two significant anniversaries. Mosonmagyarovar celebrated the bicentenary of its birth and Debrecen celebrated its existence of a century and a half. The two higher education institutions were called to l...ife by different aspects. While Ovar opened its gates to a private initiative, in Debrecen the local farmer society was the driving force to which was connected tightly to have the mother tongue education accepted by the Viennese court. The time proved afterwards that the education in Hungarian language did not go to the detriment of expertise at none of the institutions. It must be acknowledged that in the field of vocational training, Magyarovar was the one which gave the first large faculty of teachers but soon Debrecen outgrew itself to the acropolis of vocational training too. The Ministry of Agriculture solved the incidental differences of standards by switching teachers. Due to this, some professor-individualities had the chance to teach at both places. In our compilation – as a sample – we selected a few meaningful personalities with great authority who are claimed to have by both university faculties.

The writing looks back to the symbols of the University of Debrecen which are also in use today, emphasizing that the finials on top of the ”gerundiums”, the chains and medals of the dean and rector were made more than 100 years ago: they were made of bronze of cannon which were taken for loot in World War I, recalling that several stud...ents and lecturers of the university fought and died to defend the homeland.

The first urology clinic in Europe was established in Budapest in 1920. The first professor and chair was Géza Illyés. Urology has been an independent subject of the medical faculty at the Péter Pázmány University and later at the Semmelweis University since 1921. Illyés’ activity was highly respected worldwide, and u...ntil 1939 more than 100 visitors came to the clinic from the USA and another 100 visitors came from other countries. After the World War II due to the outstanding professors and staff, the department still plays an important role in the developing European urology. The clinic with its educational, scientific and clinical work still has an important role in the European urological map.