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Climate-Neutral Energy Production - Prospects in Hungary in 2024
53-60Views:79In order to protect our planet's climate, it is important to reduce humanity's carbon dioxide emissions significantly. The energy sector is one of the most polluting industries, but the rapid spread of renewable energy sources over the past 20 years can significantly contribute to the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. The study examined which energy sources are used to produce electricity in Hungary, and how the proportion of renewable energy has developed in recent years compared to more polluting energy production methods. There is a strong negative exponential relationship between the share of renewable energy and the carbon dioxide emissions of the energy sector, based on which the carbon dioxide emissions of the energy sector can be significantly reduced by increasing the share of renewable energy. A forecast was made for the renewable share based on past data and the revised state of the National Energy and Climate Plan in 2023, and a linear forecast was made for the energy sector's emissions. There is a strong exponential relationship between the data series. Both models examined in the study had strong explanatory power, but neither model supports the possibility of climate-neutral energy production by 2030.
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Experimental Investigation on the Properties of Borneo Soft Soil Stabilized with Industrial Waste
25-37Views:225This research aims to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of soft soil stabilized using industrial wastes, namely fly ash and rice husk ash. For this purpose, 6 (six) variations in the composition of fly ash (F), lime (L), and rice husk ash (R) were prepared. The variations in sample composition are SFLR1 (F: 15%, L: 2.5%, R: 5%), SFLR2 (F: 20%, L: 2.5%, R: 5%), SFLR3 (F: 25%, L: 2.5%, R: 5%), SFLR4 (F: 15%, L: 5%, R: 10%), SFLR5 (F: 20%, L: 5%, R: 10%) and SFLR6 (F: 25%, L: 5%, R: 10%). Meanwhile, soft soil was obtained from Banjarmasin City in South Borneo. The sample's physical properties were analyzed using the Atterberg limit test. Moreover, the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and direct share tests are conducted to assess the sample's mechanical properties. The research results can provide confidence that fly ash, lime, and rice husk ash have the potential to improve the physical and mechanical properties of Borneo soft soil. The results of the Atterberg limit test show that industrial wastes can lower the liquid limit and increase the plastic limit; thus, the soil plasticity index decreases. As for the CBR test results, the untreated soft soil bearing ratio value of 1.4% can be increased to 2.6% after being treated with industrial wastes. In addition, using industrial wastes also decreases the swelling of the soil. Moreover, it can be seen that greater use of fly ash can improve the mechanical properties of the soft soil. However, increasing the composition of lime and rice husk ash can reduce the mechanical properties of the soft soil. Based on the experimental results, it is proposed to use SFLR3 as soil stabilization mixtures.
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Utilisation and Quality Management of Power Plant Fly Ash
329-337Views:216Over the past decades, both the residential and industrial energy demand has increased due to the continuously growing consumption and production. As a large share of the electricity is still produced using fossil fuels, the utilisation of the by-products is a contemporary and pervasive issue. Fly ash is generated in large quantities in coal-fired power plants and has been proven to be an appropriate raw material for various industrial uses. Among others, it is applicable as an additive and lightweight aggregate in the cement and concrete industry, can be used for CO2 sequestration, glass foam production, catalyst production, or as a base material for geopolymers, as well. Geopolymers are inorganic polymers produced via the reaction between solid alumina and silica containing or alkali silicate materials in alkali media. Due to their numerous advantageous properties and wide variety of utilisation possibilities, research on fly ash base geopolymers became widespread topic. The quality of fly ash is determined by technical requirements, and the degree of quality control requirements depends on the final use. In certain fields of applications, standards and regulations have already been created to ensure the consistent quality of the final products made from fly ash, e.g. in the cement and concrete industry. There are various methods for fly ash processing, however, the methods to achieve the necessary properties are not standardised.
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The Role of Renewable Energy Sources in Energy Production and Use
678-688Views:331The role of renewable energies in energy management is growing both in the European Union and in Hungary. The use of renewable energy sources is already quite large (transport, heating, lighting, etc.) and it is advisable to deal with these energy sources in the year 2020. The use of energy from renewable sources can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reduce dependency on the continuously problematic oil and gas market. A review of energy data over the last 10 years shows that renewable energy sources are playing an increasingly important role in the European Union. I support this finding by the fact that the share of energy from renewable sources in gross energy consumption has almost doubled in the last few years.
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Current Issues of Career Choice for Debrecen Vocational School Students
308-319Views:133The aim of the article is to share information about the learning characteristics of the Z-generation based on literature review. In the same way based on secondary research we are showing the characteristics of the lifelong learning processes with special regards to the informal and non formal learning processes. On other hand we are publishing the outcomes of our research based on a survey done in three secondary schools of Debrecen. In the survey we investigated the learning plans of the vocational program students studying in the three secondary schools and their labour market perspectives.
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Preferences of Participants in Public Transport
158-170Views:202Today, the number of people who use public transport is decreasing, while the share of private transport is growing steadily. In order for people to choose public transport instead of a more convenient and more flexible individual transport, we need to know the factors that can influence them most in their decisions. In the first part of our article we review the main features of intermodality, intermodal nodes and intermodal public transport. Intermodal integration has to be realized through physical, network, fare, information and institutional level. In order to be able to formulate the integration goals correctly and to operate the entire intermodal system efficiently, we need to know the preferences that most affect the decisions of users of public transport or of nonusers. According to the literature, comfort, prices and travel time, on which people judge the status of public transport.
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The Importance of Energy Management in Hungary
72-79Views:149One of the important elements of our everyday life is energy, but the amount of it is constantly decreasing, so it is advisable to include renewable energies in our energy management in addition to traditional energy sources. In the field of energy management, the use of renewable energies deserves attention because their share is increasing, although their percent is small. At present, Hungary and the European Union's energy policy contain guidelines that aim to increase the utilization of renewable energy sources. These directives contribute to achieving environmental and climate protection goals, job creation, territorial and urban development, and the reduction of dependence on energy imports. In my article, I would like to present various calculations in the field of energy management as a result of the previously described information and I would like to explore the energy management contexts that have come to the fore when examining residential energy consumption
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The Relationship Between Renewable Energy Consumption, Net Energy Import, Greenhouse Gas Emission and Human Cap
58-71Views:169The measures to improve energy efficiency and increase of renewable energy production and consumption should be encouraged in the interest of sustainable development. Many factors can influence the use of renewable energy such as the level of economic development of an economy, nationals’ and the main economic actors’ environmental awareness, energy import dependency, ratio of the urban population, and government subsidization intensity among the others. The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the share of renewable energy in the total energy consumption and net energy import as a percentage of energy use less production, greenhouse gas emission per capita and human capital using by OECD countries data from 1990 to 2014. The results indicate that there is a negative relationship between net energy import and renewable energy consumption, and also negative relationship can be shown between the amount of greenhouse gas emission per capita and renewable energy consumption. However, we identified a positive relationship between human capital and renewable energy consumption for energy importer countries above a certain level of human capital.
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The Effect of Player Transfers on Football Companies Valuation
Views:265Transfer seasons are one of the most highlighted periods in world of football. The market of player rights forces the greatest european clubs with their enormous budgets to compete with each other in order to aquire the most talented and most succesful players. It is not uncommon to sign players for tens of millions of euros, to this extent these expenditures are seriously affecting clubs bottom line. However, despite the expenditure nature of player transfers the value of these clubs increase, based on the best known measurer for companies valuation: the stock exchange. In my research the effect of player transfers ont he valuation of football corporations are presented through market value development of stock market listed clubs namely Juventus and BVB Dortmund. Based on my results if the examined clubs were signing players according to a player transfer policy considered as succesful the value of examined clubs had increased through stock market price independently of player transfer balance. Moreover the effect of coronavirus could had been noticed, since both clubs valuation decreased heavily in the 2020 summer transfer window probably due to the revenue loss caused by the pandemic.
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Some Sources of Misunderstandings in Intercultural Business Communication
91-101Views:1294It is always a big challenge for all types of companies anywhere in the world to survive in the globalised and accelerated world. Their primary objective is to stay competitive, keep or even enlarge their market share while keeping their costs at a minimum level. These corporations often cross borders and operate on a multinational level. In order to do that successfully they need flexible workforce: people who have a high level of intercultural competencies and can help their corporations to achieve their aim of profit maximising. It is widely accepted that culture and languages are among the most significant impacts on intercultural communication. In this paper first I am going to interpret intercultural communication and the role of culture and then look at different intercultural skills and the role of languages in intercultural communication. Some areas that might cause problems in intercultural business communication will also be described.
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Fraud in the Financial Sectors
1-17Views:357The competition for social resources encourages economic players to break ethical business rules to gain an economic advantage. Digitized data is making it increasingly difficult to verify their content of reality. The Wirecard scandal and the COVID-19 crisis will transform the environment around us, change our way of thinking about the world, accelerate discussions on the possible control of data produced by digitization tools, and the issue of the widest possible introduction of international accounting. Since the economic crisis of 2007, there has been a general and measurable increase in fraud in public procurements in construction industry, real estate, oil and gas, heavy industry and in mining industry, and in the financial sectors, which some governments of countries are trying to prevent it by using new tax control methods. In the stagnant economies of the economic crisis that is likely to materialize as a result of the COVID-19 epidemic, economic players will share on fewer and fewer orders, and as competition increases, the possibility or compulsion of fraud increases. Crises either begin in the financial sector or it will become one of its victims. Although financial scandals have not shaken confidence in the financial sector in recent decades, but it has violated the generally accepted public opinion that the financial sector is strictly regulated and it is non-fraudulent, non-infected area. International events affecting the financial sector have shown that internal procedures that ensure the lawful operation of a company in financial institutions have not prevented internal abuse because some of the perpetrators came from leaders.Due to the generalizations, the integrity of financial and supervisory organizations not directly involved in financial scandals are also significantly damaged, and trust can only be restored again through joint efforts, legal tightening and appropriate communication of it.
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Monitoring of Debrecen WWTP Biogas Fermentation Processes by Chemical Methods
79-83Views:189The anaerobic digestion is a widely used economical method for sewage sludge stabilization and also purification of waste water with a high organic content. All effective anaerobic digesters transform the organic matter into biogas containing methane, which usable component covers a significant share of the heat and electricity consumption of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The increasing amount of biogas is a priority task of WWTPs, which we can achieve a deeper knowledge of anaerobic digestion processes. The main task of this study is the optimization of anaerobic sludge treatment of Debrecen WWTP. Digester towers processes and their impact on the biogas yield were also priority studied.
