Among the contact risks present in the digital environment, the phenomenon of grooming affecting children is becoming increasingly prevalent. The concept is not uniformly defined: scientific discourse distinguishes between narrower and broader interpretations, depending on whether the purpose of grooming is solely sexual abuse or other types of manipulation. International law and European Union legal frameworks aimed at protecting children are increasingly addressing this issue, which has also appeared in national criminal law regulation. In addition to criminalization, prevention deserves particular attention, where the awareness of adults raising children plays a crucial role. Based on empirical research findings, the study identifies areas where the development of parents’ and caregivers’ knowledge is essential for prevention.

The felony of endangering a minor is the most important part of the fight against domestic violence in Hungarian criminal law, since the statutory definition of the offence covers almost every type of child abuse. It would be impossible to list the various forms of behaviour that might fulfil the statutory elements of the felony; therefore, the Criminal Code therefore defines the conduct constituting the offence as grossly violating the duties arising from the obligation to raise, supervise or care for a minor. It is the task of the judicial practice to decide exactly which behaviours are covered by these terms. As a result, the violation of duty usually fulfils the elements of another offence, which raises questions about cumulation and delimitation. In the following, these issues will be discussed by reviewing the relevant case law and literature.

Disqualification from the profession is a sanction in the Hungarian criminal law system that has a long historical tradition and deprives or limits people’s rights. The importance of enforcing these types of punishments in practice was recognised centuries ago, but unfortunately there has been very limited recent literature on them. In our study, after a short description of the substantive criminal law rules on disqualification from the profession, we analyse the imposition of this penalty in order to fill the gap in the literature on this sanction and to answer several questions that may arise in relation to its application.

The paper examines the role of collective agreements in regulating working time within the EU and Hungarian legal framework. It points out that although EU law provides collective agreements with considerable leeway to specify rules on working time and, in certain cases, to deviate from the working time directive, Hungarian labour law differs significantly from this approach. According to domestic research, collective agreements have low coverage, and in many cases the content of existing agreements is merely a literal repetition of the statutory rules. The study also analyses the collective agreement for the electricity industry which has extended scope for the whole sector. Overall, the author concludes that the Hungarian legal environment does not sufficiently encourage collective bargaining in the area of working time regulation and recommends a review of the regulatory framework.

From the perspective of Hungarian criminal procedure law literature, the period between 1954 and 1958 proved to be very productive. The background to this was that the legislator made significant changes to the appeal system, attempting to adopt the Soviet cassation-revision system. This concept was met with resistance from legal literature and resulted in a high degree of uncertainty in legal practice, which together prompted the legislature to restore a system very similar to the original. All this rightly raises the question: why was the theoretical framework of socialist Hungarian criminal procedure unsuitable for the cassation-revision system? In my study, I attempt to answer this question.

With the growing global interest in sustainability and corporate social responsibility, the application of ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) criteria has gained a prominent role in corporate operations and investment decision-making. The research focuses on the development of ESG regulation, in particular the challenges of measuring the social (S) dimension. Although the regulation and assessment of environmental and governance factors have become increasingly standardized, the measurability of social aspects still raises several methodological problems. Previous research has highlighted the significant differences between ESG ratings and the difficulties of reliably measuring social performance, especially when using qualitative, subjective indicators. The aim of this study is to explore how the regulatory environment – ​​in particular the EU CSRD and the Hungarian ESG Act – can facilitate the harmonised assessment of the “S” dimension. The research is based on a document analysis and an examination of domestic regulatory frameworks. The results show that mandatory reporting and the introduction of the principle of dual materiality can improve the transparency and comparability of social impacts. However, the quality and reliability of reports can only be increased if companies operate appropriate internal control and certification systems. The research highlights the importance of measuring the “S” dimension and the need for regulatory support for it in order to achieve sustainable economic development.

Labour law, as a basic civil law, regulates the contractual relations of parties who are in a consensual relationship with each other. However, the economic background of the legal relationship has ensured the employer's de facto superiority since time immemorial, which the legal system tries to counteract with certain claudicatory solutions, but nevertheless recognises by accepting the power of unilateralism. The challenges of the 21st century have changed the status quo. It is necessary to recognise that the societal demand for change is not a momentary whim arising from a cataclysm, but a real societal expectation to which legislation must respond quickly in order to preserve competitiveness.

The review presents Szilvia Váradi’s monograph "Data Protection in the Age of Artificial Intelligence", the first comprehensive work on the subject in Hungarian. One of the book’s major strengths is that it guides the reader from the introduction of technological foundations to the detailed analysis of legal and data protection issues, with particular emphasis on the relevance of the GDPR and the AI Act. Váradi situates the significance of AI not only within a legal, but also within a social and economic context, underlining the urgency of regulation. The book clearly explains the data protection challenges of machine learning and large language models, highlighting problems of transparency and accountability. From a critical perspective, the detailed technological background may at times appear encyclopedic, yet this broader perspective provides a valuable basis for interdisciplinary approaches. The review concludes that the book is both a pioneering and a guiding work, serving the needs of professionals as well as a wider readership.