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• Application of MALDI-TOF MS in scientific research and agricultural practice

  105-132

  Hella Kalina

  János Nagy

  Views:

  39

  Today, MALDI-TOF MS is a key tool in proteomics, microbiology, medical diagnostics, and is widely used in food safety and materials science. This technology has undergone revolutionary developments in the recent years: new matrix materials have been developed that improve ionisation efficiency, and more advanced data processing algorithms have been developed to increase the accuracy of analyses. Due to its speed, cost-effectiveness, and reliability, this technology is increasingly emerging as an alternative to traditional identification methods.
  MALDI-TOF MS is an innovative and versatile tool that may be important in plant breeding and food quality control. Not only does it provide reliable results in genetic purity testing and toxin analysis, but it also contributes to plant physiology research and the development of plant protection strategies, as well as the detailed mapping of plant protein expression patterns. The method enables the identification of new stress response proteins that may play an important role in future plant breeding programs. Advances in proteomics research are opening up opportunities to explore protein changes in response to different environmental influences in greater detail.
  The combination of MALDI-TOF MS and intelligent data analysis may open new horizons in disease diagnostics, the development of precision medicine, food safety, agriculture, and environmental analytics.

• Analysis of reserve proteins in sunflower hybrids using a MALDI-TOF MS device

  81-90

  Attila Kristó

  Views:

  15

  One of the basic for the successful production of hybrid seeds is ensuring the genetic homogenity of the parental lines and their hybrids. This can be assessed using laboratory methods, such as protein markers, isozymes, and molecular markers, as well as field tests. MALDI-TOF MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry) is particularly suitable for examining the genetic homogenity of seeds, as it allows obtaining a unique “protein fingerprint” for each sample based on the detected m/z values and peak intensities. Proteins appear as characteristic peaks in the mass spectrum, and their presence or absence can be used to infer the uniformity of the samples. The advantage of MALDI-TOF lies in its ability to rapidly and reliably detect proteins, even in complex samples, while measurement parameters – relative intensity, absolute intensity, signal-to-noise ratio, resolution, and peak area – allow an objective evaluation of spectrum quality. In homogeneous seed samples, spectra display nearly identical peaks and intensities, whereas heterogeneous samples exhibit differing peak patterns. Thus, this technique is fast, sensitive, and reproducible, enabling the monitoring of marker proteins, comparison of spectra, and precise determination of genetic homogenity.