Search
Search Results
1 - 6 of 6 items
-
Genetic homogeneity of maize hybrids (Zea mays L.) in post-control trials
137-150Views:3The genetic purity and homogeneity of seed are essential prerequisites for achieving the expected agronomic performance of hybrids and ensuring high yield potential. The aim of the present study was to evaluate five maize hybrids (K1–K5) with respect to the homogeneity of their seed lots originating from different certified seed batches. The assessment of homogeneity (varietal purity) was carried out based on the evaluation of morphological and phenological traits, following the requirements of the official control protocol (small-plot post-control variety testing). The experiment was conducted in 2025 at the Variety Post Control Station of NÉBIH, where off-type plants (differing in phenological and/or morphological traits) were identified during the growing season using official variety descriptions. Based on the obtained results, the homogeneity of the examined hybrids was consistently high, well above the official threshold value. No statistically significant differences were detected among the hybrids (p = 0.259); however, graphical analyses revealed minor variability among individual seed lots. All examined samples met the varietal purity requirements specified in the current standards.
The results indicate that even under high average homogeneity, subtle differences among seed lots can be detected, which may serve as important indicators of hybrid genetic stability and seed production quality. -
Examination of the genetic homogeneity of sunflower hybrids in a grow-out test
33-55Views:122In Hungary, seeds can only be placed on the market after obtaining official certification. This ensures the availability of high-quality seeds, which are considered a fundamental prerequisite for successful crop production. High-quality seeds also form the basis of food production, as only seeds of superior quality can achieve the maximum yield potential of a given variety. As part of the official seed certification process, the National Food Chain Safety Office (NÉBIH) conducts small-plot post-control tests at the Monorierdő Variety Post Control Station. The purpose of these tests is to verify the varietal identity and purity of the seeds.
This study examines the 2024 variety post control results for five sunflower hybrids. Seed samples obtained from certified seed lots underwent an official progeny testing procedure after sowing. Where their morphological and phenological traits were compared to the official variety descriptions. Throughout the growing season, multiple field inspections were performed, and the resulting homogeneity data were analyzed using statistical methods. The five tested hybrids exhibited varying degrees of homogeneity, but all remained within the error limit accepted by the authorities. Among them, the N3 hybrid proved to be the most homogeneous, as a significant portion of the samples achieved 100% genetic purity. In contrast, the N5 hybrid showed the greatest variability. Variance analysis revealed a significant difference in homogeneity values among the hybrids. These differences may be attributed to genetic and cultivation technology factors, such as genetic instability and/or mechanical mixing. A more precise identification of these factors (refining the system) could help seed growers to producers higher-quality products, increasing the genetic value of their varieties on the seed market. -
The effect of soil scraping on topography and yield on soil with heavy texture and endangered by excess water
45-60Views:32In this study, the authors examined the applicability of scraping on an agricultural field in Békés County with a heterogeneous topography and a high risk of inundation by excess waters. The impact of the intervention was analysed through the homogeneity of the topography and yield data. It was found that the level differences of the originally created height categories on the plot have decreased, the surface of the plot has become more homogeneous, as a result of which no inundation has developed in the area since the scraping in 2020. The previously detected significant differences between the yields of the height categories were reduced, and the homogeneous topography resulted in a homogeneous crop yield on the whole plot. The crop yields achieved since the intervention exceeded the yields of previous years and resulted in a large yield surplus compared to the regional averages. Based on the obtained results, scraping can be considered an effective landscape-forming operation that can be recommended in areas with high risk of excess waters. -
Plant health studies based on multispectral images in autumn cereal crops
95-108Views:52The development of precision agriculture and digitalisation has brought significant changes in agricultural technology and data-driven decision-making. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and multispectral imaging technologies are effective tools for monitoring plant populations and detecting stress conditions (abiotic, biotic). Vegetation indices (NDVI, GNDVI, NDRE, LCI) provide detailed information about the physiological state of plants and the spatial distribution of stress factors. In the research conducted at the University of Debrecen, the ’MV Nádor’ winter wheat variety was examined in combinations of different tillage methods (autumn ploughing, strip tillage) and different nutrient supply treatments. During the multispectral data collection, high-resolution UAV images were used, which were analysed using the QGIS GIS software. The application of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) and tillage methods had a significant impact on vegetation indices, which reflected the health status and homogeneity or heterogeneity of the plants. The results mean that higher nutrient levels showed more favorable growth and homogeneous plant stand. During the statistical analyses, we infer the spatial effects of stress factors based on the standard deviation and variance values. The values of NDVI and GNDVI indices showed an increasing trend with increasing nutrient levels, especially in the case of the 160 kg/ha nitrogen treatment, which ensures more uniform development. Based on the LCI and NDRE values, we obtained a much higher variance and SD value for the 160 kg N/ha treatment applied in autumn ploughing than for strip cultivation. Based on the data, precision technologies enable more sustainable and predictable crop production. -
Analysis of reserve proteins in sunflower hybrids using a MALDI-TOF MS device
81-90Views:40One of the basic for the successful production of hybrid seeds is ensuring the genetic homogenity of the parental lines and their hybrids. This can be assessed using laboratory methods, such as protein markers, isozymes, and molecular markers, as well as field tests. MALDI-TOF MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry) is particularly suitable for examining the genetic homogenity of seeds, as it allows obtaining a unique “protein fingerprint” for each sample based on the detected m/z values and peak intensities. Proteins appear as characteristic peaks in the mass spectrum, and their presence or absence can be used to infer the uniformity of the samples. The advantage of MALDI-TOF lies in its ability to rapidly and reliably detect proteins, even in complex samples, while measurement parameters – relative intensity, absolute intensity, signal-to-noise ratio, resolution, and peak area – allow an objective evaluation of spectrum quality. In homogeneous seed samples, spectra display nearly identical peaks and intensities, whereas heterogeneous samples exhibit differing peak patterns. Thus, this technique is fast, sensitive, and reproducible, enabling the monitoring of marker proteins, comparison of spectra, and precise determination of genetic homogenity. -
The impact of drought on winter wheat yield under conventional and reduced tillage systems in the Nagykunság region
3-18Views:5In the present study, the effects of reduced and conventional tillage on the grain yield of winter wheat were investigated during the extremely dry 2021/2022 growing season in Karcag, Hungary. The research was conducted within the framework of the local long-term soil tillage experiment, where the reduced tillage plots have been managed since 1997 using non-inversion, loosening-based primary tillage and mulch farming. The soil of the experimental site is a clayey loam textured, deep-saline meadow chernozem. The experiment was carried out in four replications on meso-plots (1890 m²). For the evaluation of the results, key local meteorological data were considered, including precipitation totals, temperature data, and potential evapotranspiration (PET), from which the climatic water balance (CWB) was calculated. Descriptive statistical parameters were determined, and following a (positive) homogeneity test, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed. Based on the results, reduced tillage achieved an experimental average of 4.45 (±0.10) t ha⁻¹, significantly outperforming (p<0.05) the conventional, moldboard ploughing-based tillage yield of 3.62 (±0.29) t ha⁻¹. The processing and evaluation of meteorological data revealed that the 2021/2022 growing season in Karcag was extremely dry for winter wheat production, particularly during the critical spring vegetative and especially the reproductive stages. This drought intensified the differences in soil water management between reduced and ploughing-based conventional tillage systems. Based on these findings, the previously described soil moisture-conserving effect of reduced tillage was confirmed, and it was concluded that significant yield surpluses can be achieved with reduced tillage in winter wheat production during drought years.
1 - 6 of 6 items
Database Logos
Keywords
Make a Submission
Issues by Year