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The Editorial Board of the Budapest Philogical Society (1874 -1948)
197-228Views:135Following its establishment in Germany, the Budapest Philological Society, which was active for seven decades between 1874 and 1948, brought together specialists dealing with classical philology and modern philology. Among members were ancient studies and modern languages and literaries educating professors and teachers, who were interested in these studies seriously. All the specialists published articles in the Universal Philological Bulletin, which was the journal of this society.
The study presents the managment of the society with the exact dates, mainly by general meeting records. The society had honorary members from Hungarian and foreign specialists, the best known is Achille Ratti, later pope XI. Pius. -
A Debreceni Kossuth Lajos Tudományegyetem archontológiája 1950–1990. VIII. rész
115-127Views:228The Archontology of Lajos Kossuth University of Arts and Sciences (1950–1990), Part VIII: Institute of Slavic Philology. The Archontology of Kossuth University for the School of Arts, the School of Sciences, and for the So-Called „Central Units” between January 1, 1950, and December 31, 1990, was compiled on the basis of the personal cards and personal files of the Personnel Department of the Rector’s Office, and the scantily documented section for the 1950s was supplemented from the annually arranged documentary material of the Personnel Office. Even so, however, the existing material fails to be complete. It is impossible to compile the archontology with perfect accuracy. Part VIII presents the complete list of the Institute of Slavic Philology from institute head to janitor.
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Fejezetek a huszonötéves krakkói magyar szak történetéből
146-158Views:78ASPECTS PERTAINING TO THE TWENTY-FIVE-YEAR HISTORY OF THE HUNGARIAN ACADEMIC PROGRAM AT CRACOW. This study, which also encompasses present-day events, commemorates the fact that in the academic year of 2014/2015 the Department of Hungarian Philology, Jagello University, Cracow, celebrated the twenty-ifth anniversary of its existence. he reader is ofered an insight into the struggles and events in the wake of the establishment of the Department in 1988, as well as into the cultural mission that has guided the Department in maintaining Polish-Hungarian relations. Not suppressing the theme of attendant diiculties, the text radiates a substantial sense of mission and hope, while the author highlights the professional Hungarian program as well as the research activity of the academic staf that has made these projects – and ideas pertaining to the future a realiy.
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CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE HISTORY OF INDEPENDENT HUNGARIAN-LANGUAGE HIGHER EDUCATION IN TRANSCARPATHIA
Views:19This study aims to present the path leading to the establishment of independent Hungarian-language higher education in Transcarpathia. Transcarpathia, as a region and administrative unit, was established within the territory of the Czechoslovak Republic following World War I. After World War II, the region became part of Soviet Ukraine. The first higher education institution in Transcarpathia was the Uzhhorod State University, established by the Soviet regime in 1945. In 1963, a Hungarian department was established at the university, followed by the Department of Hungarian Philology two years later. The establishment of the Hungarian college of Higher Education in Berehove, which currently operates as the only independent Hungarian-language higher education institution in Transcarpathia, established the power shifts following Ukraine declares its independence and the period of higher education expansion. Local advocacy organizations and the Hungarian government played a decisive role in the establishment of the Ferenc Rakoczi II Transcarpathian Hungarian College of Higher Education, ensuring the supply of teachers for Hungarian-language schools in Transcarpathia.
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Pomáztól Princetonig: Alföldi András élete és munkássága
11-23Views:92FROM POMÁZ TO PRINCETON: THE LIFE AND WORK OF ANDRÁS ALFÖLDI. András Alföldi was head of the Department of Ancient History, István Tisza University of Debrecen, from 1923 to 1930. Subsequently he joined the Department of Ancient History and Archaeology of Budapest’s Péter Pázmány University of Arts and Sciences. It is owing to his activity in Debrecen that from his estate two suitcasefuls of correspondence and other personal relics have been obtained by the Department of Classical Philology and Ancient History in Debrecen. Despite the fact that Alföldi spent only a short period of his early years in Debrecen, his internationally recognized activity justiies a more detailed discussion of his life career and professional activity. Before 1947, he primarily focussed on the archaeology of the Carpathian Basin. Subsequently he emigrated to Switzerland, where he taught at the University of Bern and the University of Basel. In 1955 he got an invitation to the Institute of Advanced Studies at Princeton, where he continued to work until his death. Cut of from the archaeological materials of Hungary, he initiated new projects overseas, such as the most substantial problems of early or imperial Rome, respectively. Oicially, the representatives of classical studies in Hungary have started to recognize his work since the 1990s; in 1995, on the occasion of the centenary of his birth, several commemorative sessions were held. One of these was hosted by Debrecen.
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THE PHILOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR IN EARLY FRENCH PRE-UNIVERSITIES
45-64Views:67The article will demonstrate how early French pre-universities in the Loire valley began to look at texts written by Roman writers such as Horace, Ovid and Virgil with the aim of interpreting and explaining the text as Roman texts, without trying to search for ‘hidden meanings’. The article will focus on the philological Ovid-commentary by William of Orléans (c1200), this being a clear example of this philological way of thinking. This approach to classical ‘pagan’ texts provoked a strong reaction that finally resulted in an allegorising interpretation of the classical texts and often the elimination of such texts from the school curriculum. This was the situation which early humanists protested against.
A tanulmány azt vizsgálja, hogyan kezdtek el foglalkozni a Loire-menti kora francia előegyetemeken római írók, például Horatius, Ovidius, Virgilus munkáival, abból a célból, hogy a szövegeket római szövegként mindenféle „rejtett értelem” nélkül magyarázzák. Jelen tanulmány Orléans-i Vilmos (1200 körül) Ovidius filológiai kommentárjaival foglalkozik, amely a filológiai gondolkodás kiváló példáját adja. Az ilyen klasszikus „pogány” szövegekhez való visszanyúlás heves indulatokat váltott ki és a klasszikus szövegek allegorikus magyarázatához, majd pedig gyakran a szövegek iskolai tananyagból való eltüntetéséhez vezetett. A korai humanisták tiltakoztak ezen helyzet ellen.
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Láng Nándor, az első bölcsész rektor élete és munkássága
32-40Views:75The Life and Work of Nándor Láng, the First Philologist Rector. Nándor Láng, who came from a German family, in the service of the shared goals of a multicultural Hungary prioritized those ideals which asserted the education of an increasing number of sophisticated scholars and scientists as well as elevating domestic science and scholarship to an international level. In the first period of his career, as a secondary-school teacher, he focussed on supporting the promulgation and teaching of classical culture
through his scholarly activity, including the authoring of textbooks. A crucial turning-point in his life occurred when he was invited in 1914 to serve as head of one (Latin) of the departments of Classical Philology of the newly created University of Debrecen. In the academic year of 1916/1917 he was Rector of the university, a service that he fulfilled with a maximum commitment and a truly professional approach. The combination of his professional erudition and human characteristics made him an ideal pedagogue.
He was active in Debrecen until 1932, when he retired, but he continued to carry on significant sholarly activity in the archeology and epigraphy of the Roman period in Pannonia. -
Ethnography and Folklore Studies at the Hungarian Universities until 1960
Views:181Ethnography and Folklore Studies at the Hungarian Universities until 1960. At the University of Budapest at the end of the 18th century it was Dániel Cornides (1732–1787) who dealt with issues of Hungarian ancient religion, while András Dugonics (1740–1818) paid attention to various aspects of Hungarian folk poetry (tales, idiomatic phrases, proverbs) and folk customs in his lectures. Descriptive statistics, reports of the state of affairs in various regions and ethnic groups within the country documented the ethnographic character of these areas and groups in the first half of the 19th century. In the second half of the century professors of Hungarian literature and language investigated and discussed these topics with a comparative European perspective at universities. Ethnographic and folklore-related knowledge was disseminated by excellent professors of classical philology and oriental studies. Professors of geography (János Hunfalvy, Lajos Lóczy) played a crucial role in providing information about faraway peoples and continents at the University of Budapest.
The first associate professor (Privatdozent) in ethnography was Antal Herrmann at the University of Kolozsvár (Cluj-Napoca, now Romania) in 1898. He delivered his lectures until 1918 in Kolozsvár, and between 1921 and 1926 in Szeged where the University of Cluj was relocated to. The first university department for ethnographic and folklore studies was established at the University of Szeged, where Sándor Solymossy, a scholar of comparative folkloristics, became professor. At the University of Budapest the first department for ethnography and folklore studies was founded for professor István Györffy, who primarily studied material culture and the people of the Great Hungarian Plain. His successors were Károly Viski (1942), then folklorist Gyula Ortutay (1946). In 1951 at the University of Budapest another department came into being for István Tálasi who was a scholar of material culture studies and historical ethnography.
The head of the ethnography and folklore department of the Hungarian University of Kolozsvár (Klausenburg, Cluj) was Károly Viski in 1940–1941, and Béla Gunda between 1943 and 1948. At the University of Debrecen established in 1912 a number of associate professors held ethnographic and folklore lectures between 1925 and 1949 (István Ecsedi, Károly Bartha N., Tibor Mendöl, Gábor Lükő), but an autonomous department was established only in 1949, led by Béla Gunda until 1979. At the University of Szeged Sándor Bálint was appointed professor of ethnography and folklore studies in 1949, but only after 1990 became it possible to provide M. A. degrees in ethnography and folkloristics. M.A. degrees in ethnography and folkloristics have been provided at the University of Budapest since 1950, while at the University of Debrecen since 1959.
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The Study of Arabic language at European Universities
Views:160The Study of the Arabic language on the European Universities. The study of oriental languages, among them that of the Arabic is among the oldest branches of the humanistic scholarship. In the beginning, one can see sporadic individual works, later well-organised activities that take us to the Iberian Peninsula, to Salerno and Paris. In addition to the Koran, philosophical, mathematical and astronomical works were translated from Arabic into Latin in the first half of the second millennium. Later, in the Renaissance, Italia and the Papal State became the centre of the Arabic scholarship. The main ambition of the age was to prepare the texts of the polyglot Bibles, and to investigate the Greek and Arabic medical works. In the following epoch, Leyden and Netherlands emerged from the range of the European universities. Here the aim of the Arabic scholarship was to support the international trade. The Arabic philology on modern sense have been created in Paris by S. de Sacy, who is the common ancestor of all European Arabists. In Hungary, we are attached to him by K. Czeglédy, de Goeje and his Dutch masters.
