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• A DEBRECENI AGRÁR-FELSŐOKTATÁS INTÉZMÉNYEK EGYKORI VEZETŐI (1868-1945)

  79-88

  Surányi Béla

  Megtekintések száma:

  220

  A debreceni agrár-felsőoktatás 2018-ban ünnepelte alapításának másfél évszázadát. A mögöttünk hagyott évtizedek során az ország mezőgazdaságának meghatározó szakképzési intézetévé vált. Az 1867. évi kiegyezés utáni korszak szülötte volt, amelyet a cívisváros gazdatársadalmának elképzeléseit váltotta valóra, összhangban az állam szerepvállalásával, mely utóbbi a központi hatalom feladatkörét bővítette. Mindez új színt kölcsönzött a magyar oktatáspolitikának, elősegítve a hazai mezőgazdaság modernizációjának a megindulását. E nevezetes évforduló ösztönözte korunk krónikásait, hogy áttekintést adjanak a másfél évszázad olyan tudós tanárairól, akik egyrészt iskolateremtők voltak, hosszabb időtartamig álltak az intézmény élén, valamint tevékenységük felölelte a magyar agrár-felsőoktatás minőségi színvonalának emelését. Ezt a célt szolgálják a Gerundium című egyetemtörténeti folyóiratban sorra kerülő írások.

• Az egyetemi és akadémiai ifjúság politikai szerepvállalása 1830–1880 között

  59 - 77

  Szögi László

  Megtekintések száma:

  352

  The Political Involvement of the University- and Academic Youth between 1830 and 1880. The institutional network of the higher education in Hungary was very diverse on the turn of the 18th and 19th century and in the first part of the 19th century. In the multi-national and multi-confessional country, 88 institutions provided higher than medium level education. Most of these institutions were related to the historical denomination but besides them several state higher educational institutions existed. We reported about the student movements of these schools in this paper. In the first part of the 19th century the Holy Alliance’s system prohibited the foundation of student movements, although, in most of the institutions, reading circles and literature student associations were formed in which the leaders of the future national movements played an important role. The period of the revolution and the fight for freedom of 1848–1849 was significant regarding the student movements as well, because at most universities the studentry listed their requests aiming not only the reform of student life but the social changes as well. After the defeat of the freedom fight it was not possible to form student associations for ten years. But from the 1860s the battle for the national language of higher education marked the Hungarian youth movements. After the Austro- Hungarian Compromise, the studentry’s activity decreased, although they spoke in some political questions. For example, in 1867–1877, during the time of the Russian-Turkish war, the students in Pest and Cluj- Napoca stood against the Russians and not the Turks. This action produced that the university youth got back 36 valuable medieval codices from the Turks which were stolen in 1526 from the Royal Library in Buda.

• Felsőoktatási és tudományos intézmények képviselete a magyar Országgyűlés Felsőházában 1927-1944

  79 - 93

  Mudrák József

  Megtekintések száma:

  336

  Representation of the Higher Educational and Scientific Institutions in the Upper House of the Hungarian Parliament in 1927–1944. The Upper House, what was the second chamber of the Hungarian Parliament, was functioning between 1927 and 1944 and followed the image of the Main House (House of Magnets) before 1918, but operated in a more democratic spirit and structure. Besides the aristocrats and the leaders of the church, the representatives of the higher educational and scientific institutions, and economic organizations deserved a place. The study overviews the Upper House representation of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, universities in the capital and in the country, other scientific organizations, and other institutions of higher education, and there is enclosed a list of the representatives of the above mentioned institutions exactly to the day.

• A debreceni tudományegyetem hallgatóinak emlékirata az egyetem megcsonkítása ellen (1933)

  109-121

  Kerepeszki Róbert

  Megtekintések száma:

  133

  The Memorandum of Studentsts againstst the “Mutilation” of the University of Debrecen (1933).Between the two world wars, the Great Depression made a significant impact on higher education in Hungary. At the beginning of 1930s, many articles were published in the national and local press about the plans of the government in connection with the handling of the crisis. These rumours were about the “mutilation” of the universities (closing or merging of the faculties, reduction of the estimation). As in the other university towns, substantial social and political protest began in Debrecen against these plans. Besides the parties, the associations and the Calvinist Church, the university students sent a memorandum to the leaders of the University, the town and the government. This paper includes this document of protest and presents the main (historical, judicial and economic) reasons against the “mutilation.”