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Qualitative study of customer and consumer behaviour towards spas and balneo cosmetics in the Central Hungarian region through own model development
118-130Views:280The starting point for the presentation of the topic indicated in the title of the study is the use of spas in Central Hungary (mainly belonging to Budapest Spas cPlc.) and the purchase and consumption of balneo cosmetics (especially the Budapest Spas product family, which is Budapest Spas cPlc.'s balneo cosmetics family). Description of a theoretical model describing the system of relations between the influencing factors - built on the basis of literature and secondary sources. The practical significance of the topic covered through the theoretical concept is primarily the return to naturalness, in terms of the topic, to medicinal water and the purchase and use of cosmetics made from medicinal water ingredients. Following the presentation of the theoretical model, the research model concept is described, the factors of which have been supplemented with new determinants by the qualitative research results. The research model concept was developed by interpreting the results of two-phase qualitative data collection. The objectives (and outcomes) associated with the surveys were as follows. (1) With the help of online content monitoring (n = 50) the main factors of buying and consuming balneo cosmetics were identified. (2) With the help of individual research interviews (n = 20) the validity of the theoretical model was examined and the use of balneo, the main variables of the purchase and consumption of cosmetics were explored, highlighting the identification of consumer grouping directions that focus on consciously spent leisure time, health awareness and recreation. This publication focuses on the presentation of model development and key qualitative research findings.
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Quantitative study of customer and consumer behaviour towards spas and balneo cosmetics, with special regard to the Central Hungarian region
131-148Views:192The starting point for the presentation of the topic indicated in the title of the study is the use of spas in Central Hungary (mainly belonging to Budapest Spas cPlc.), and the purchase and consumption of balneo cosmetics (especially the Budapest Spas product family, which is Budapest Spas cPlc.'s balneo cosmetics family) a description of a research model describing the relationship between factors - based on literature, secondary sources and qualitative research. This last phase of the research concludes with the interpretation of the result of single-phase online quantitative data collection (n = 218) based on the research model concept. The methods used in the study are one-, two- (cross-tabular) and multivariate (principal component analysis and cluster analysis) methods. Univariate methods show the prominent role of each key variable. Bivariate or multivariate methods explore the relationships between the variables examined and the lists of claims in the field of spas and balneo cosmetics. The objectives (and results) related to the data collection were as follows: The advantage of spas in Budapest is that they are relatively close to each other, so their frequency of visits is one or more times a year. The spas of Pest County are the least visited, which may be due to the unknown nature of the spas here. The frequency of visits to the examined Budapest spas can be explained by their awareness, frequency and breadth of services. The most common reason for visiting regional spas is the refreshment, which is behind the variable, the reason why consumers, in their conscious free time, look for the opportunities provided by medicinal waters, by which they can recharge and relax. The need for recreation, on the other hand, does not show a difference between each age group, as all age groups need rest and recharge. Among the spa services, a distinction can be made between basic, extended and extra packages, of which the basic and extended packages are used more by women and the extra packages are mainly used by men. Consumer groups can also be formed based on the reasons for using the spas. There are consumers who are open and there are those who are not open about their attitudes towards spa services. Spas are generally used by consumers for regeneration, disease prevention and recreational reasons. Balneo cosmetics are especially bought by women, both for medical, preventive and recreational purposes, and because they consider these cosmetic products to be anti-allergenic, ie they do not fear the risk of developing allergies. In terms of openness to balneo cosmetics, there is an open and an open group for balneo cosmetics, and an open group that cannot be called open for all factors examined. The practical applicability of the research is to make medicinal waters as widely known as possible in relation to both spas and balneo cosmetics.
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Institutional and consumer market aspects of regional tourism development along the Lower-Ipoly
8-19Views:265Depending on the macro-level management of tourism, whether a top-down or a bottom-up or integrated tourism development method is applied, the assessment of the organizational and consumer market is an integral part of the status quo analysis. Coordination the stakeholders of the organizational market could be the task of a TDM, however, the linear extent and network of settlements, the specific location, and the unfavourable demographic characteristics raise a number of problems. The study summarizes the results of a research to make foundation for a tourism development concept, outlining the similarities and differences between the two stakeholder groups regarding the tourism needs of the given area. It also covers the preferred types of tourism and the services that make up each tourism product (absolute value, ranking and the ratio to the average). The Lower-Ipoly region can occupy a special position in the tourism market in some aspects (water, bicycle and ecotourism) by combining special product and destination development, as well as experience management and perhaps visitor management elements. Although the limited resources of the organizational market confine the realization of consumer ideas, the success of development is influenced by the demarcation of boundaries, which is a qualitative rather than a quantitative issue and is related to segmentation and differentiated supply. The organizational functions of the destination management are performed by the leading organization of the project currently being implemented. Thus, due to the overlapping maintenance periods, if the projects are sufficiently coordinated, continuous tourism coordination will take place even in the absence of a TDM organization. The results of the consumer market research show that solving the problems arising from limited natural resources requires a significant change in market behaviour not only for tourism service providers, but also for tourists.
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Establishing and maintaining successful business relationships at the University of Debrecen: the importance of communication between institutions
27-34Views:137In the B2B sector, communication between individual organizations has undoubtedly always played a significant role. However, the changes of recent years have also significantly changed the structure and operation of certain higher education institutions, which has brought with it an increase in openness to the business world. Communication is one of the pillars of establishing successful business relationships, but traditional communication models are not always able to meet the dynamic needs of the modern business environment. Not only universities can benefit from improving communication processes and tools adapted to these expectations, but it can also be beneficial for students participating in higher education. In this research, we set the objective to explore what communication processes are currently taking place between institutions. In order to achieve our goal, we conducted qualitative research, as this allowed us to gain deeper insight into the position represented by companies on the topic. We conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with the partner institutions of the University of Debrecen in the second half of 2024 and in January 2025. During the discussions, the effectiveness of communication platforms in terms of maintaining contact with the university and other business actors was explored. The interviews highlighted that partners primarily consider the website and email to be the most reliable sources of information, while social media platforms (such as Facebook and LinkedIn) also play a significant role in day-to-day communication. In addition, personal meetings and networking events remain indispensable for building trust, and the importance of connections based on trade fairs and recommendations was also confirmed when it comes to reaching new partners. The findings clearly reveal both a need for and an openness towards developing new, multi-channel and targeted communication models that align with the specific characteristics of the domestic and international B2B sector. Alongside traditional tools (e.g., phone, email), the more conscious and strategic use of modern digital platforms may contribute to managing future relationships more effectively and strengthening the institution’s image.
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Evaluation of demographic processes and their effects in Szabolcs Szatmár Bereg county in the last two decades
35-45Views:321Our research would like to draw attention to some specific aspects of demographic processes and their effects in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county. Among the demographic processes, we highlighted the study of the population by age groups, internal migration and changes in the birth rate. From among the impact mechanisms of demographic processes, we dealt in detail with the assessment of the state of education. In Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in addition to the analysis of the qualitative changes that have taken place in the last twenty years, we considered it important to examine the connections between education, employment and the labour market, as well as the connections between education and urbanization. We found that among the phenomena subject to traditional demography, the largest change in domestic migration has occurred in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county since 2001. In the last twenty years, the migration loss has almost quadrupled, which is the highest among the domestic counties. In addition, there was a significant change in the proportions of the population by age groups. Since 2001, in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, the proportion of the 0-14 age group in the population has decreased one and a half times faster than the proportion of the oldest age group. These unfavourable processes have a significant negative effect – which are not favourable anyway – on the educational processes of the studied area.
