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Coastal landuse land cover change and transformations in-between Cuddalore and Nagore, south east coast of India using remote sensing and GIS
11-24Views:146This study was conducted to assess the Land use and land cover (LULC) changes in a dynamic coastal zone; this is also an essential factor of studying the relationships between the human activity and coastal environment. The study region has been suffered from various natural hazards such as cyclone impacts, coastal erosion and rarely tsunamis. LULC changes was studied and reported for the period of 4 decades from 1980 to 2020. The overall accuracy assessment and Kappa coefficient values shows the substantial results of LULC maps. In the study area LULC changes has been classified in the six classes. The result shows reduction in plantations, coastal wetland and fallow land. Whereas improvement found in barren land, built-up land and water body of the study area from 1980 to 2020. Immediate attention is required to the increase the mangrove forest to be as a natural protection from the calamities in coastal wetlands. The information resulting from this study can be used in forthcoming management plans for urbanization and towards the sustainable development of the region. This study can be adapted to the world’s any coastal region to establish a strategic plan of action to protect the coastal communities and the environment.
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Landscape change in Aizawl city: A geospatial approach to assess landscape indices and human-induced transformation
65-81Views:367The change in an area’s natural surroundings is called landscape change. This change may be gradual or accelerated depending on the factors that influence the change. Natural elements such as native animals and birds seldom bring about any modification to the environment. However, human-induced change is devastating and severely transforms the environment. Such environmental transformation can be evaluated with the land use/ land cover assessment through satellite imagery and calculation of landscape indices. This paper attempts to ascertain the direction and the nature of the human-induced change in the city of Aizawl. To this end, the city has been divided into four zones to enable inter-zone comparisons. A northeast and southwest direction of human landscape transformation has been ascertained with the help of GIS and remote sensing techniques and landscape indices in Aizawl city.
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A remote sensing and GIS-based analysis on the impact of dam construction towards the land use land cover pattern of Bakreswar Watershed, India
25-42Views:172The present study evaluates the impact of the dam construction on land use and land cover (LULC) pattern of the Bakreswar Watershed in the Birbhum District, West Bengal, India during 1990-2020. Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI data were used to analyze the LULC pattern during the pre- and post-dam construction periods. Supervised image classification using the maximum likelihood algorithm was done to generate LULC and change detection maps in ArcGIS. LULC dynamic attitude and transfer matrix were prepared based on the LULC maps of four years. The results show that the dam construction significantly influenced the LULC pattern of the region. The highest rate of increase is seen in waterbody (86.37%) during 1990–2000 due to dam construction. Cultivated land also increased by 12.31% during this period. After the dam construction, the conversion rate from fallow land to cultivated land is higher in the downstream area rather than the upstream area. The area under barren land decreased by 53.28% in 1990–2000 and by 41.23% during 2009–2020 due to its conversion to built-up area. The built-up area rapidly increased during the past 20 years, by 34.57% and 45% during 1990–2000 and 2009-2020, respectively. Major change is seen along the Panagarh–Morgram Highway which connects two urban centers, Suri and Dubrajpur. Settlement concentration is also high around the Bakreswar Thermal Power Plant (BkTPP) and BkTPP Township. This study provides a useful approach to understanding the impacts of dam construction on cultivated area change and how transportation facility influences urban agglomeration.
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Land use changes of the riparian landscape in Hungary between 1990 and 2018
82-95Views:211The protection and the restoration of rivers is one of the most important challenges of our time, due to the impact of human activities. The aim of the research was to assess the land use changes in the Hungarian riparian landscape. Several landscape corridors of different (50-100-300-500 m) widths near rivers were analyzed since 1990, using the CORINE Land Cover database. Positive changes in the land use of riparian landscape can be seen: continuous increase in the case of forest areas; and slight decrease in the extent of agricultural land since 1990. Unfortunately, the extent of grasslands and other near-natural areas is reduced; and there has been a steady increase in built-up areas. Examining the changes in built-up areas in more detail, a big increase is shown by the extent of urban green areas. As a continuation of the research, an evaluation methodology is being developed to determine the restoration potential of urban rivers on study area level and on national level. The results presented in this paper on land use changes and land use conditions can be useful for the research about restoration potential at national level.
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Studying floodplain roughness in an Upper Tisza study area
85-90Views:347Floods slowing down due to the significant decrease of the gradient have considerable sediment accumulation capacity in the floodplain. The grade of accumulation is further increased if the width of the floodplain is not uniform as water flowing out of the narrow sections diverge and its speed is decreased. Surface roughness in a study area of 492 hectares in the Upper Tisza region was analysed based on CIR (color-infrared) orthophotos from 2007. An NDVI index layer was created first on which object-based image segmentation and threshold-based image classification were performed. The study area is dominated by land cover / land use types (grassland-shrubs, forest) with high roughness values. It was concluded that vegetation activity based analyses on their own are not enough for determining floodplain roughness.
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Landslide Susceptibility mapping using the Analytical Hierarchy Process and GIS for Idukki District, Kerala, India
11-32Views:352This study demonstrates the application of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) technique for landslide susceptibility mapping of Udumbanchola and Devikulam taluk of Idukki district (Kerala, India). The landslide conditioning factors, such as lithology, geomorphology, slope angle, slope aspect, relative relief, drainage properties, land use/ land cover, and lineament characteristics,are derived using remote sensing data and GIS. The landslide susceptibility of the region is estimated using the weights derived by the AHP method. The analysis indicates the controls exerted by the structural and fluvial process and relief characteristics on the landslide activity of the region. The landslide susceptibility map of the region suggests that the high and severe susceptible zones cover about 10.68% of the area, and another 9.40% falls under the moderate susceptibility zone. The results highlight the significance of implementing various structural and non-structural measures in the moderate to severe susceptibility zones to mitigate the impacts of landslides.
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Urbanization induced land use/land cover change and its impact on land surface temperature in Bhubaneshwar city, India
43-62Views:250The study was conducted in Bhubaneswar City, the capital of the Indian state of Odisha. The impact of the increase in surface temperature on the city was studied by retrieving LST, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDBI) values of Bhubaneswar using Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 data for 2001, 2011, and 2021. The surface urban heat island (SUHI) effect was also studied to identify temperature changes and hotspots in the city. There was a rise of 3.93℃ and 1.55℃ in the maximum and minimum LST in Bhubaneshwar city from 2001 to 2021. The heating effect of the built-up and cooling effect of vegetation was ascertained through correlation analysis between LST and NDBI (positive) and between LST and NDVI (negative). The results of this study will help the government and urban planners to identify heat stress and vulnerable areas, thereby contributing to better monitoring and future planning of the city. Thus, this will lead to efficient heat strategies and action plans such as developing green spaces in and around the city.
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Land use change detection along the Pravara River basin in Maharashtra, using remote sensing and GIS techniques
71-86Views:205In the past few decades there has been an increasing pressure of population all over the world, especially in India, resulting in the utilization of every available patch of available land from woodlands to badlands. The study area represents a basin which is economically growing fast by converting the fallow lands, badlands and woodlands to agricultural land for the past few decades. IRS (Indian Remote sensing Satellites) 1 C – LISS III and IRS 1 C PAN and IRS P6 – LISS III and IRS 1 D PAN Images were merged to generate imageries with resolution matching to the landscape processes operating in the area. The images of the year 1997, 2000, 2004 and 2007 were analyzed to detect the changes in the landuse and landcover in the past ten years. The analysis reveals that there has been 20% increase in the agricultural area over the past ten years. Built up area also has increased from 1.35% to 6.36% of the area and dense vegetation also has marginally increased. The remarkable increase in the agricultural area occurs owing to the reclaim of the natural ravines and fallow lands. Presently the area looks promising, but it is necessary to understand the sedimentological and geomorphological characteristics of the area before massive invasion on any such landscapes because the benefit may be short lived.
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Time series analysis of major land resources using Landsat images in a part of district Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
41-57Views:132Space born technology, with its repetitive nature, uses electromagnetic energy to capture digital data from the Earth's surface by remote sensing systems. The purpose of this research is to track changes in land resources with six time series (2003-09, 2003-15, 2003-21, 2009-15, 2009-21 and 2015-21) over a period of 18 years. Multi-date Landsat images of 2003, 2009, 2015 and 2021 have been used to monitor the changing pattern. Level – I classification scheme composed by NRSC/ ISRO and supervised Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC) techniques were used to identify and classify land use/ land cover features located in Jhansi Tehsil. The findings show that there have been significant changes in land resources over the years. The area under agriculture land, built-up and waterbodies were increased by 48.83%, 53.53% and 106.73% while forest/ tree outside forest and wastelands were reduced by 59.74% and 38.68% respectively It is concluded that, the expansion of key land resources indicates the growth in population and socio-economic activities whereas the loss in some land resources might be due to human induced progressive activities.