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• Expectable changes in the utilization of pastures: Papers of the „Challenges and Aspects in Grassland Management” conference held on 22-23 May 2008.

  9-12

  Ferenc Der

  Jozsef Stefler

  Views:

  39

  Analysing the past and the future facts and figures of the Hungarian pasture management the authors has been found the following: − In the period between 1993 and 2003 it was generally believed, that the total area of pasture will be increasing in the future. This forecasting comes not be true. − In the period between 2004 and 2008 the Hungarian pasture area decreased with 13%. We can realise decreasing in the total yield and the yield to/ha too. At the same time in the National Parks and on other protected pastures the grassland management was improved. − Analysing the estimated stock of grazing animal and the necessary pasture area the authors give the main features of the Hungarian pasture utilization in the period after 2008. 

• The impact of production factors on the yield formation of grasses of various exploitation

  13-18

  Marta Bajnok

  Gabor Torok

  Reinhard Resch

  Karl Buchgraber

  Julianna Tasi

  Views:

  118

  The lawn – following the forest – is the best manner of land use. 10.75 percent of Hungarian territory is grassland. 90-95 percent of the grass’s root system can be found in the upper 10 cm layer of the soil therefore and because of the large evaporating surface the grasses have a great water demand and weather sensitivity. Beside the nutritional ability and some extreme properties of soil (for ex. great salinity) there is an influence on formation of the grass-type and the yield. In our experiments the sites were utilised 2, 3 and 4 times yearly. At two sites for four years (2006-2009) and at one site for two years (2009-2010) the quantity and the distribution of the yield as well as other parameters were examined, which are not reported in this paper. This experiment is a part of a climate research project run at 27 sites in Austria. The laboratory analyses were carried out uniformly in the LFZ Raumberg- Gumpenstein Research Institute. The most important results of this study are the following: The productivity of the grass type formed on the Little Cumania lowland is very limited. In case of drought there was the highest yield decrease and at the same time in case of good precipitation there was the smallest increase of yield. The effect of grass utilization by late first cut at the poorestsoil site was very unfavourable. At the grass sites of better quality, the utilization manner of 3 or 4 growth, resulted in a better adaptation to the climatic extremities. 

• A gyephasznosítás klasszikus és korszerű elvei, technológiái, eszközei

  65-76

  Views:

  42

  Az ezredfordulóval kezdődő modern idők új megvilágításba helyezték a gyephasználat kérdéseit. Napjainkra számottevően bővültek a gyephasznosítási elvárások és lehetőségek:

  – a legeltetés
  – a szilázs készítés, mint erjesztéses tartósítás
  – a szenázs készítés, mint nagyobb szárazanyag tartalmú termék erjesztéses tartósítása.
  Ezeket a megoldásokat követi majd: – a szárításos szálastakarmány tartósítás különböző módszereinek alkalmazása 

• Tájhasználat és gyephasznosítás Natura 2000 területen: – esettanulmány a Balatonkeresztúri rétek példáján –

  31-38

  Views:

  71

  The aim of our study was to describe the actual land use of the Balatonkeresztúri rétek, a Natura 2000 site. We drew a map according to the land use categories. During field studies (in 2013) we recorded the actual land use activities and compared it with the officially registered land use categories. Our results showed that only 42.6% of the meadows and pastures are managed. All of the grasslands should be managed extensively to maintain the diversity of species. The area of grasslands could be extended with the increase of the number of livestock. We expect that the land use will change in a positive way as a result of agricultural supports. The ratio of managed (mowed and/or grazed) grasslands can increase in the future and as a consequence the diversity of grasslands can increase as well.