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• ADDITIONAL FEES IN THE ISTVÁN TISZA UNIVERSITY. THE CHANGES OF THE STUDY COSTS ABOVE THE TUTION FEE IN DEBRECEN BETWEEN THE TWO WORLD WARS

  151-174

  Sándor Király

  Views:

  57

  There were two types of study costs in the universities between the two World Wars, one of them was the tution fee, and the other one was the additional fee. The tution fee had been part of the Hungarian educational system since the middle of the 19th century. Those university students whose parents were in low social status with low income could get tution fee discount or exemption because of their financial situation. But in the case of the different kind of additional fees, there were not any discount or excemption because these fees required for the maintenance of several university institution, like university canteen, patient care fund, or the provision fund of the University Council. The system of these additional fees was different in the Hungarian universities, some additional fees were the same, some not. There were difference in the amount of the additional fees too. In this study, we can see the changes of the additional fee system in Debrecen between the two World Wars. All of the additional fees will be presented, for example canteen fee, patient care fund, and the two type of maintenance surcharges which were made due to the influence of the great economic crisis.

• A budapesti tudományegyetem Orvostudományi Karának története 1872–1945

  Views:

  149

  A tanulmány célja, hogy bemutassa a budapesti tudományegyetem Orvostudományi Karának történetét
  1872-től kezdve egészen 1945-ig. A tanulmányi rendszer korszerűsítésnek bemutatása után rátérünk az infrastruktúra bővítésére, elsősorban a klinikák rendszerének kiépítésére. Az egyetem nagy hangsúlyt fektetett a személyi állomány fejlesztésére, létrejött a „pesti orvosi iskola”, új tanszékeket hoztak létre (pl. közegészségügy),
  nagy tantárgyakból párhuzamos tanszékeket hoztak létre, jelentősen növekedett a hallgatói létszám.
  Az első világháborúban tanárok és diákok is vállaltak frontszolgálatot. Az országban állandósult az
  orvoshiány, ezt a női hallgatók felvételével próbálták ellensúlyozni. A háború után a frontról visszatérő
  hallgatók, illetve a pozsonyi és kolozsvári menekült egyetemek hallgatóinak elhelyezése okozott nehézséget.
  A numerus clausus a nők és az alkalmatlan hallgatók létszámának csökkentését érte el. Az 1929-es gazdasági
  válság komoly megszorításokat hozott, ami a létszámcsökkenésben és tanszékek bezárásában mutatkozott
  meg. A két világháború közötti időszak mégis sikeres volt, mert nemzetközileg elismert iskolák működtek
  itt. Ebben az időszakban jöttek létre az egyetemi bajtársi szövetségek is. A második világháború alatt
  részben kiürítették a klinika telepeket és vidékre költöztették azokat. Budapest ostromát az egyetemi épületek,
  a diákság és a tanárok is megsínylették.

• Inscrutable Students.Searching for Enemy in Hungarian Universities at the Beginning of Fifties

  Petra Polyák

  Views:

  175

  „Unknowable Students”. „Searching for the Enemy” at the Hungarian Universities in the Beginning of the Fifties. The Communist Party organization of Hungarian universities, in order to fulfil one of their main tasks, i.e. to “unmask the enemy”, attempted to gather a lot of information about the students. They collected data through admission procedures about their class-origin, which was reckoned as basic indicator of their political reliability, while functionaries tried to force them to verbalize their opinion and to comment daily political events in obligatory courses of Marxism-Leninism and in other formal and informal discussions. Besides the identification of the “enemy”, the forcing of political statements had the purpose to get the chance to correct them. However, the overstraining of political issues, the circulating process of re-learning the same parts of Communist ideology over and over again, along with the overreaction of functionaries to politically “incorrect” opinions led to an unwanted effect. Reports on the effectiveness of contemporary practices of indoctrination stated several times that the ideological dissemination of knowledge does not provide some students with a world view, but rather a practical knowledge: the students, instead of revealing their real thoughts “learned to speak Marxism”.

• ZOLTÁN VARGA, PROFESSOR OF HISTORY RECTOR MAGNIFICUS OF LAJOS KOSSUTH UNIVERSITY DURING THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1955-1957

  János Barta

  Views:

  14

  Zoltán Varga, professor of history, had been the rector of Lajos Kossuth University in a quite controversial period. Although, the easing political tensions following Stalin’s death in the Soviet Union could be felt in Hungary as well, the Communist leadership’s insistence on power has prevented any substantial change. The reform-proposals of the university bodies remained ineffective against the political leadership. The lecturers and students thus assumed a leading role in the local events of the October 1956 revolution in Debrecen. University Rector Zoltán Varga - who was removed from his position by the revolutionary leadership – following the aftermath of the revolution, returned to his post and worked hard to save his colleagues and students from reprisals. However, due to his illness, he resigned from his post in the spring of 1957.

• The STUDENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NAGYSZOMBAT IN THE LIGHT OF MORE CONTEMPORARY SOURCES

  146-181

  László Szögi

  Views:

  103

  . The University of Nagyszombat, established in 1635, is Hungary's first, continously operating university. It's successors are the Eötvös Loránd University of Budapest and the Pázmány Péter Catholic University. A significant part of the university's archival resources were destroyed in a fire at the Hungarian National Archives during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. Therefore it is extremely difficult to  compile a list of the students who studied at the first Hungarian university. Recently, in Esztergom, new, previously unknown sources emerged about the students of the university. In this article we summarise the findings that can be drawn from the new documents regarding the students that studied at the Faculty of Arts and Theology of the University. The article analyses the university's geographical area, the evolution of the number of students and the social stratification of the student population and nationality, the proportion of foreign and national students.

• The UNIVERSITY THEATRE IN FRENCH

  201-215

  Ádám László Kiss

  Views:

  67

  At the University of Debrecen, French-language student acting began with the drama courses held by Judit Lukovszki at the Department of French Studies. As a result of the growing interest the group, whose members were mainly French major students, was given a name in 1985: École des Bouffons. The Bouffons set at least one play on stage every year, made guest appearances at domestic and foreign theatre festivals, and undertook the organization of four theatre meetings between 1998 and 2002 in Debrecen. The Bouffons, apparently at the height of its success, ceased to exist in 2002, the year of the last theatre meeting, due to the lack of the students’ interest. In addition to an outline of the group's history, this paper intends to commemorate the former players

• FENCING AT EUROPEAN UNIVERSITIES AND ACADEMIES IN THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD. THE IMPORTANCE OF LEARNED FENCING: In honor of Várnay Ernő

  74-132

  Béla P.Szabó

  Views:

  151

  Combining the history of universities, history of mentalities and history of sport, this study seeks to answer the question of the role of fencing in the lives of students at European universities in the early modern period, and how universities dealt with the issue of students' weapons and armed disorder. After the initial prohibitions, fencing instruction was gradually introduced into the curricula of universities and academies, and the 'regulated' fencing thus acquired contributed significantly to the consolidation of a culture of behaviour among university students who considered themselves a privileged social class.

• An Undeservedly Forgott en Publication Series. The Studies of the Teacher Training Institute of the Reformed Colleges of Debrecen

  126-141

  János Győri L.

  Views:

  107

  The Calvinist Teacher Training Institute of Debrecen was modelled after the Eötvös Collegium of Budapest. It trained teachers for Hungarian Calvinist secondary schools between 1925 and 1952 by means of supplementary courses. The students of the Institute got significant impulses for their academic research from their tutors. Many of them became determining figures of Hungarian culture and education by the middle of the 20th century. The publication series published their doctoral theses and other academic papers on the 3000 pages of the 28 volumes between 1936 and 1943. This study aims to present the circumstances of the beginning, the termination and the intellectual profile of the series titled „Acta Instituti Paedagogici Collegii Debreceniensis”.