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Pokoly József
16-24Views:82JÓZSEF POKOLY REKTOR. After inishing theology studies, he was the tutor of Count Lajos Tisza (son of Prime Minister Kálmán Tisza) in Geszten, then he was a Reformist priest for a year. He was the teacher of church history at the Reformist heology Academy in Kolozsvár from 1895, and at the heology Academy of the Debrecen Reformist College from 1912. At the University of Debrecen, established in 1914, he became the professor of ancient history at the Faculty of Arts from 1918 on. Between 1922 and 1930, until his retirement, he was the teacher of church history at the Faculty of Reformist heology. During the academic year of 1920–21 he was the Rector of the University. Until his retirement, he was the President of the István Tisza Scientiic Society and he also worked as a senate member of the University. His worked centered around Reformist church history and the history of Hungarian Protestantism in 16–17th centuries.
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KÁROLY ERDŐS, PROFESSOR OF THEOLOGY THE RECTOR MAGNIFICUS OF THE HUNGARIAN ROYAL ISTVÁN TISZA UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN DURING THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1945/46.
4-13Views:123Károly Erdős (1887-1971) began his teaching and research career as a teacher of church history at the Reformed College in Debrecen. After the Faculty of Reformed Theology became part of the university, which began to function in 1914, Erdős became a teacher and later director of the Institute for the Training of Ministers of the Reformed Church. In 1929 he was appointed professor in the New Testament Department of the Tisza István University. As an university professor and pastor, he rendered great service to the city and the Church, both as a teacher and as a scholar. After 1949 he became a professor at the Reformed Theological Academy in Debrecen.
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„Lássatok hozzá, és építsétek föl Istennek, az Úrnak szentélyét” (A Debreceni Református Egyetemi Templom építésének története)
52-70Views:164„Rise up and Build the Sanctuary of the Lord God, so that you may bring the Ark of the covenant of the Lord.” – The History of the Construction of the Reformed University Church in Debrecen. In this essay I try to find the answer to the question of what the main cause of the structure of the University Church was and which were the most relevant stages of the construction. After launching the university in Debrecen, the undergraduates, the professors and the local citizens established a claim to engender a place of worship where they could get an opportunity to inward edification. The negotiations about the church to be constructed began in the 1910’s, after all the quartercentenary of the Reformed College gave the handle for the church’s structure. The University Church was built in vicissitudinous ways and it came up against a lot of difficulties during the second half of the twentieth century. Consequently this fact encumbers the researching of the building’s history. However, the history of construction is trackable by the eight boxfuls of sources of the Archives of the Transtibiscan Reformed Church District.
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The PAPAL RECOGNITION OF THE THE FOUNDING OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NAGYSZOMBAT (TRNAVA) IN 1635
89-125Views:109It is a cornerstone of Hungarian historiography that the foundation of the University of Nagyszombat in 1635 was merely approved by the Emperor. Pope Urban VIII refused to confirm it because of the lack of a medical and legal faculty. The present study establishes that, from the side of the Apostolic See and thus also from the side of canon law, recognition was granted by prior authorization to the foundation of the University of Nagyszombat (Trnava) by Archbishop Peter Pázmány in 1635. It turns out that the failure to obtain immediate papal confirmation of the foundation of the university on 12 May 1635 was due to the objections of the leadership of the Jesuit order. It proves that the Roman Curia's failure to solemnly confirm the founding of the Pázmány was not in fact due to the two-faculty nature of the institution, but rather to its Jesuit character. The reasons for this can be found in the more effective lobbying of the medieval universities and the mendicant orders, and the gradual decline of the Society of Jesus. Despite the subsequent confirmation by the Holy See, and the failure to grant university privileges in the form of a bull, the foundation of the university in 1635 may have been carried out with papal approval because Pázmány received a - preliminary - authorisation to found a university from Orban VIII in May 1632, during his imperial embassy to Rome.
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„Non procul ex proprio stipite poma cadunt”, avagy a „két Kolosváry” élete az egyetemtörténet tükrében
23 - 41Views:209Non procul ex proprio stipite poma cadunt, or the Life of the „two Kolosvárys” in the Mirror of the Univerity History. In my study, I intend to introduce the history of the Faculty. The study outlines the life’s work of father and son, who are closely related to the legal history embedded in the history of the University. They both were closely connected with the city, and in addition to their teaching activities they also played an active role in the social life of Cluj-Napoca: they were chief editors of the papers and presidents of scientific and civil associations. Alexander Kolosváry has played a prominent role in the life of the University and within the Faculty of Law. He was four times the dean of the Faculty and once held the post of rector. In addition, he coproduced the Hungarian translation of Tripartitum and Corpus Juris Hungarici with Professor Clement Óvári. Valentine Kolosváry was considered one of the biggest private lawyers of the century at the time. Valentine Kolosváry was a worthy successor to his father, not only as a head of department at the University but also in the patronage of the Reformed Church of John Calvin and Church Districts and its rights.
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Feszültségek az egyetemi templom építése körül 1938-ban
125-134Views:67Tensions Involving the Construction of the University Church in 1938. Next to the Main Building of the University of Debrecen stands a Protestant church which for long years in the past accommodated the periodical holdings of the university’s Main Library. However, by now much of the church’s early history has been forgotten. The study demonstrates that the university’s management supported the view, as early as the very beginning of the 1920s, that for a fundamentally Protestant institution of higher education the government authorities should provide a church of its own. This project was delayed by the world economic crisis of 1929 and the fact that the construction of the Main Building itself of the university was not completed until 1932/1933. The management of the university, the Protestant Diocese of the Trans-Tisza District and the Ministry of Religion and Public Education jointly invited tenders for the construction of the building, the winner of which was a contructor of Jewish background. This decision—reflecting the spirit of the age—elicited aversion from right-wing student organizations. Through presenting the standpoints concerning this event, the study provides a graphic description of the relevant contemporaneous attitudes.
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Debreceni Református Kollégium teológiai oktatásának története 1850–1912. A Teológiai Akadémia a Kollégium oktatási rendszerében
30-51Views:169The History of Theological Education at Debrecen Reformed College between 1850 and 1912. The changes in the educational system of Theology at Reformed College of Debrecen were heavily influenced by the political-social events of historic Hungary between 1850 and 1912. The first date signals the introduction of arbitrary rule of the Habsburg monarch who suppressed the Hungarians during the War of Independence in 1848-49. The closing date is the emergence of a new state run university in Debrecen. The study throws light on how the Organisations Entwurf tried to modernize as well as Germanize the education system in the Habsburg Empire. As a result, the traditional education structure at the College was entirely restructured. It brought about the disintegration of humanity and art faculty into a grammar school thereby only the law and theological faculties were left intact for a while. The Reformed Church District strongly protested against the dismantling its more than 300 years old education system. It is the irony of history what the oppressing Austrian could not achieve, it was realized after the Compromise by József Eötvös, the Hungarian minister of culture, religion and education. Needless to say that education at all levels needed to be modernized and standardized. It is clear that it had a positive impact on the curricula of Reformed theological education in the long run. The paper introduces briefly the life of theological professors, their career with a view to their studies abroad and finally their works at various departments of theology.
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PÁKOZDY LÁSZLÓ MÁRTON PROFESSOR OF THEOLOGY AND HISTORY OF RELIGION, BIBLE TRANSLATOR.
75-110Views:92The world-famous theologian professor spent a significant part of his life in Debrecen. Between 1928 and 1932, he studied at the Faculty of Theology of the University of Debrecen, where he graduated, and in 1942 he received his doctorate in theology. At the end of 1945, he was appointed public extraordinary professor at the same faculty, and in the summer of 1949, he was appointed public ordinary professor. In the academic year 1949/50, as Dean of the Faculty of Theology, he was responsible for the establishment of the organizational structure of the Debrecen Theological Academy of the Tiszántúli Church District, which had been separated from the university by government action and had become an independent institution. In 1966, the church leadership transferred Pákozdy and his department from Debrecen to the Reformed Theological Academy in Budapest, where he taught future pastors for about two decades. Professor Pákozdy, a religious historian, has been awarded honorary doctorates by two foreign universities for his scholarly research on the Old Testament and the Dead Sea Scrolls, and for his translation of the Bible into Hungarian. In the twilight of his life, obtaining the Doctor of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences degree was made possible.
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Bruckner Győző (1877–1962)
15-24Views:72Győző Bruckner (1877–1962). Between the two world wars, the director and prominent teacher of the Augustan Evangelical Academy of Law—which was moved to Miskolc after Preşov was annexed to Czechoslovakia— was Győző Bruckner, who came from a German-Saxon Zipser family. His primary fields of professional interest were the cultural history of the Uplands region, the history and legal relations of the Spiş mining towns. hese interests of his remained enduring and he published a number of fundamental
studies and monographs pertaining to these subjects. Bruckner is, however, known not only for his work in legal and cultural history, but he also played a signiicant role in the life of the evangelical church, and he had a crucial role in the development of the legal academy of Miskolc. In addition, he published a series of books and a periodical in support of the work of the college he headed. He lived to see the closing-down of his beloved legal academy, of which, after he retired in pension, he himself wrote a history -
Sass Béla élete és munkássága
5-15Views:78BÉLA SASS REKTOR. His father was a Reformist priest in Albis, Bihar County and the padre of General József Nagysándor in 1848–49. After inishing his theology studies, he worked as a religion teacher at the Debrecen Grammar school for a short period of time. From 1890, he was a teacher of Old Testament readings at the heology Academy of the Debrecen Reformist College. Between 1895–98 he was the Director of the Academy. At the recently established University of Debrecen he worked as the professor of Old Testament readings and related studies from 1914 until his death. Within this time period, he was the Dean of the Faculty of Reformist heology in 1915–16 and in 1926–27, and the Rector in 1921–22. He published numerous essays in relation to the Old Testament and to the history of the Reformist church and wrote philosophy books, as well.
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Ferenc Balogh, the Supervisor Professor of the College Choir (Kántus) between 1880-1898
90-105Views:111Ferenc Balogh, the internationally renowned professor of church history served as the supervisor of the Male Choir (Kántus) of the Reformed College of Debrecen for nearly two decades in a period of crucial changes. He devoted his agile activity into two directions. He supported the permanent employment of first long-term conductor of the choir, Sándor Mácsai, and he founded the historical researches of the choir, also giving a historical perspective
to its identity. He accumulated the necessary financial support for the teacher-conductor’s position through his beautifully composed ceremonial speeches for which his students admired him. These speeches
also served as the referential points of confidence for the young singers. This essay analyses his speeches and presents the actions that followed the rhetorical masterpieces. -
Wittenbergben vásárolt Kálvin-kötetekről – Kísérlet a peregrináció-kutatás továbbfejlesztésére
114-126Views:80On Calvin Volumes bought in Wittenberg. An Experiment for Improvement of the Peregrination Research. This paper represents a further step towards the exploitation and extension of the current achievements related to the research of peregrination with the help of Book History. The main focus is on those volumes of John Calvin, which were bought by Hungarian or Transylvanian students in Wittenberg during the 16th century and in present they are being located in Transylvanian collections. Analyzing the dates of
the acquisitions it is revealed that during the 1570’s 32 volumes got to inland owners. This represents 15% of the records being available to our disposal, and one third of the volumes of John Calvin arriving in the 16th century. About 60% of the owners are Transylvanian Saxons. Their purchase of books reflects on the one hand the crypto-Calvinist-Melanchtonian intellectuality at the University of Wittenberg before 1575, and the theological disputes present at the church of the Transylvanian Saxons on the other. -
Az oktatás megindulásának 100 év előtti emlékei
102-116Views:80SCHOOL YEAR OPENING IN 1914. he irst oicial school year opening of the Hungarian Royal University of Debrecen was organized on October 1, 1914 in the Great Church. he event was reported by several newspaper of the time. he detail history of the establishment of the Universiy of Debrecen was irst written by dr. Béla Kun (later known as Béla Szentpéteri Kun) in the Almanach of the Hungarian Royal University of Debrecen in 1914, and published in printed format only in 1916. he third chapter of the essay is available in full text.
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Coetus Ungaricus – A wittenbergi magyar diáktársaság (1555–1613)
79-88Views:100Coetus Ungaricus. Hungarian student body in Wittenberg (1555–1613). At the University of – Wittenberg, in 1555, the Hungarian students – with Philipp Melanchthon’s support – founded a student society (in Latin: a coetus) which existed until 1613. Its important documents are the university records, now kept in Halle, and the society’s register-book can be found in Debrecen. The most important documents of the university archive (to be found also in Halle nowadays), due to the stormy historical events only a fragmental one, can be reached today in a printed form. The Hungarian scholars started to deal with the history of the coetus in the first half of the 20th century, but those publications are not accurate enough according to the modern norms. The majority of the students arrived from the rural layers of Hungarian society, from villages or small towns, and this fact can be witnessed in their family names. An element of which was generally the very name of their native settlement. (See: Gáspár Károlyi, who was born in Nagykároly, etc.) In certain periods some young men from the smaller nobility, or even aristocracy appeared in this community. Most of the Hungarians studied in Wittenberg only for one-two years, and couldn’t reach an M.A, degree, but some of them spent a long time abroad, in several countries. After their arrival the served as professors, and later ministers of the Hungarian protestant churches, some of them became superintendents, bishops of our Reformed Church.
