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Források és módszerek a Debreceni Református Kollégium diáknévsorainak feldolgozásához
39-44Views:90SOURCES AND METHODS FOR PROCESSING STUDENT LISTS OF THE DEBRECEN REFORMIST COLLEGE. In commemoration of the 475th anniversary of the existence of the Debrecen Reformist College a long expected, two volume resource guide was published in 2013 under the title „History sources of the institution int he archive of the Debrecen Reformist College.” It contains student lists between 1588 and 1850 cataloguing 20 000 registrations. his essay summarizes the history of this research and lists the sources used in the process.
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Igazoló eljárások a Debreceni Tudományegyetemen
79-99Views:121SCREENING PROCEDURES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN (1945–46). After the end of the World War II, at the beginning of the rebuilding of Hungary, the irst aim of the new government was the cleaning of the social and political life and the removal of the followers of the former political systems from the public ofices. So in the irst half of 1945, according to the orders and laws of the Provisory Government, People’s Tribunals and political screening committees were formed in every town with the membership of the ive so-called democratic parties (Communist Party, Social Democrat Party, National Peasants’ Party, Bourgeoisdemocrat Party, Small-holders’ Party). It was also necessary to screen the employees of the public institutions, especially the higher education because the “reactionary” and the extreme right ideologies were very strong in these middle-class circles, and many of them were the member of the Hungarian Nazi parties (the Arrow- Cross Movements) and other right radical social associations (Turul Association, Volksbund etc.). his paper presents the working, the judgement and the mistakes of the screening committee of the employees of the University of Debrecen. his committee was formed in May 1945 and inished its work in the end of January
1946. In this short period the committee examined near 700 cases, but only 49 employees (professors, lectors, secretaries, other oicers, etc.) were condemned. he analyses of the working of the screening committee at University of Debrecen expands with new facts the image created about the spirit of the age, the higher education and the society of Hungary in the irst years after the World War II. -
RELIEF IN MEMORIAM OF PROFESSOR ZOLTÁN ZÁBORSZKY, FOUNDER OF THE TRAUMATOLOGY DEPARTMENT IN DEBRECEN.
160-164Views:124A bronze relief was unveiled in the corridor of the Department of Traumatology of the University of Debrecen in memory of Zoltán Záborszky (1927-2020), the founder of the department. Zoltán Záborszky MD was the Head of the Department from 1987 to 1993, but after his retirement he remained active until 2016 as Professor Emeritus. His consistent medical activity, enthusiastic teaching, precision, and benevolent rigor were respected by all. The relief depicting the smiling face of Professor Záborszky was based on donations of the staff of the institute and the Foundations supporting the work of the Department.
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Rugonfalvi Kiss István történelem-professzor, a Debreceni m. kir. Tisza István-Tudományegyetem 1932/33. évi Rector Magnificusa
3-11Views:243Professor of History, István Rugonfalvi Kiss served as Rector Magnificus of the Hungarian Royal István Tisza University of Debrecen in the academic year of 1932-1933. A historian of Székely origin, he first served as the local archivist of the Baron Radvánszky family estate, then he acquired a growing reputation as the chief archivists of Győr County. Starting in 1911, he became college professor of history at the Arts Academy of the Debrecen Protestant College, then from 1914 until his retirement in 1942 he served as professor of Hungarian history of the newly established University of Debrecen. He served as dean several times and he was appointed Rector of the University in the academic year of 1932-1933. In historical scholarship he represented the conservative alternative, thus he was violently opposed to Gyula Szekfű’s view of history. He is the author of work on the last Hungarian uprising of noblemen as well as on the history of the Székely people. After the the Second World War, owing to his previous political activism, he was imprisoned and subsequently he lived in the circle of his family, isolated from professional activity.
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Sass Béla élete és munkássága
5-15Views:98BÉLA SASS REKTOR. His father was a Reformist priest in Albis, Bihar County and the padre of General József Nagysándor in 1848–49. After inishing his theology studies, he worked as a religion teacher at the Debrecen Grammar school for a short period of time. From 1890, he was a teacher of Old Testament readings at the heology Academy of the Debrecen Reformist College. Between 1895–98 he was the Director of the Academy. At the recently established University of Debrecen he worked as the professor of Old Testament readings and related studies from 1914 until his death. Within this time period, he was the Dean of the Faculty of Reformist heology in 1915–16 and in 1926–27, and the Rector in 1921–22. He published numerous essays in relation to the Old Testament and to the history of the Reformist church and wrote philosophy books, as well.
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PORTRAIT OF DEZSŐ SZABÓ, PROFESSOR OF HISTORY
38-53Views:61Dezső Szabó was professor of history at the University of Debrecen for 35 years from 1924 to 1959. He graduated from the University of Budapest with a degree in History and Latin. It was at the instigation of his patron, Henrik Marczali, that he began his research on the Hungarian assemblies of the pre-Mohács period. He also wrote his doctoral dissertation on this topic. Thanks to his excellent academic achievements, he graduated from the university with a royal gold ring of honour (sub auspiciis regis). He taught for many years in secondary schools and in 1912 became a privatdocent at the Budapest University of Science. In February 1924, Governor Miklós Horthy appointed him full professor of medieval and modern (universal) history at the University of Debrecen. At that time, his research was already focused on the Urbarium of Maria Theresa. In 1931 he was elected a corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He published relatively little and concentrated his activities on secondary school teacher training. He was the dean of the Faculty of Humanities for four academic years. He made an invaluable contribution to the reorganisation of university education in 1944. Despite this, he was repeatedly persecuted under the new regime and was only able to retain his chair thanks to the intervention of his influential students. He retired at the age of 77. The second and third volumes of his work, A magyarországi úrbérrendezés története Mária Terézia korában, which is considered the major work of his life, are still awaiting publication.
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CHANGE OF REGIME AND REGIME CHANGERS IN THE UNIVERSITY AND NATIONAL LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN: FROM THE CARD CATALOGUE TO THE ONLINE QUERY SYSTEMS
123-142Views:168The work and professional activity of the two recently departed and fondly remembered librarians - Olga Gomba and Klára Koltay, - deservedly mark the 30 year period, which we can definitely label as genuine transition. Not only the emergence of computers had a huge impact, but it has also brought paradigm shifting into the flow of work as well as into the librarians' professional approach. It was in the early 1990s that the higher education libraries reached a position from where it was possible to seriously consider purchasing integrated library systems and replace their card catalogs with online catalogs.
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A Debreceni Nyári Egyetem újraindításának körülményei 1947-ben
45-63Views:97THE RESTART OF THE DEBRECEN SUMMER SCHOOL IN 1947. he essay recalls the process of restarting the Debrecen Summer School after WWII, which operated continously even during the war, and the history of the irst courses organized on the basis of the previous structure. he author describes in detail the heroic struggle of numerous professors in Debrecen, primarily János Hankiss, aiming at reviving the Summer School and putting together the necessary funds for it. he essay elaborates on the obstructive factors and barriers rising immediately after the war and contributing to the complete disintegration of the school.
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Sándor Mihály: DEAC 100- The First Twenty Five Years (1919-1944)
223-227Views:181The history of the Debrecen University Sports Club is closely connected with the sport history of Debrecen.
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Illyefalvi Vitéz Géza jogászprofesszor, a Debreceni M. Kir. Tisza István Tudományegyetem 1926/27. tanévi rector magnificusa
5-16Views:116Géza Illyefalvi Vitéz Law Professor, the Rector Magnificus of István Tisza Hungarian Royal University in Debrecen During the Academic Year of 1926/27. Illyefalvi Vitéz Géza (1871–1931) studied at a university in Budapest, where he obtained a doctorate in law and political sciences. At the end of 1896 he was elected public ordinary professor of the judicial academy in Sárospatak, where he taught administrative law and statistics. He was a professor of the University of Debrecen after its establishment in 1914. In
1921 he was appointed Dean of the Law Faculty and he was re-elected in 1931. Illyefalvi Vitéz Géza was Rector of the Hungarian Royal Tisza István University of Debrecen in 1926/27, the year when the clinic site was inaugurated, and the laying of the foundation stone of the main building took place. We can say that he was a rector at a destiny-shaping period of the University. He effectively represented the interests of the University, with the help of his contemporary higher education policy and the university development plans of Minister of Education Kunó Klebersberg. Illyefalvi wrote fourteen books and monographs, as well as numerous journal articles. These works are grouped in the two major fields of his interests, statistics and public finance. He also wrote university and judicial academy notes and textbooks. -
DEBRECEN UNIVERSITY'S MAIN BUILDING CELEBRATES ITS 90th ANNIVERSARY
267-272Views:99Nevertheless professors and students had to wait for several years to finally occupy the main building of the Hungarian Royal University of Debrecen (founded in 1912), nevertheless it commenced operating in 1914. 90 years ago, following the construction and the inauguration ceremony, the 1932/33 academic year was the first to begin in the Main Building.
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A debreceni Stomatologiai Klinika története Adler Péter professzor vezetése alatt (1946–1979)
11 - 23Views:439History of the Stomatology Clinic in Debrecen under the Leadership of Professor Péter Adler (1946–1979). With the approaching front of the 2nd World War in October 9, 1944, Professor András Csilléry head of the Stomatology Clinic left Debrecen because of his political views, so the institution remained without a leader until 17th November. Thereafter as a substitute, trainees then Stefánia Morvay Assistant Lecturer under the supervision of Professor Gyula Verzár was the head. From June 20, 1946, Péter Adler was assigned to the lead, which was one of the longest leading positions of the Faculty of Medicine since he was director of the clinic until July 1, 1979. Péter Adler graduated from the University of Vienna, where he specialized in the field of Dentistry and worked at the Department of Orthodontics at the Polyclinic of Vienna, while in spring 1939 he had to return home for political reasons. During the war he worked as a translator and then assigned to forced labor, and after the war, he was placed to the Stomatology Clinic in Debrecen. From 1948 he worked as a chief clinician, in 1952 he became candidate of sciences (CSc), and in 1953 he was appointed as a university professor. He received Doctor of Science (DSc) degree in 1957. He was a member of the editorial board of several foreign professional journals, he was accepted by several international editorial boards, wrote several textbooks. He translated two books written by others into German. He was chairman of the Association of Hungarian Dentists and Editor-in-Chief of the Stomatologica Hungarica. The main topics of the research at the Stomatology Clinic are: examination of hypersensitivity to dental anesthetics, clarification of many details of caries epidemiology, proof of the protective effect of fluoride against caries. Under his leadership there was a dynamic scientific work on the Stomatology Clinic, proven by the fact that between 1945–1980 12 books, 487 publications, book chapters and monographs appeared, which was unique among similar national institutions. He lay down the fundaments of the dental education in 1976 and contributed the architectural and professional requirements of the new Stomatology Clinic in 1981.
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Memorandum az Egyetemi Levéltár szükségességéről: Kivonat a Magyar Felsőoktatási Levéltári Szövetség konferencia előadásaiból (2008–2012)
188-197Views:87MEMORANDUM FOR THE NECESSITY OF THE UNIVERSITY ARCHIVE: EXTRACTS FROM THE PRESENTATIONS AT THE CONFERENCES OF THE ASSOCIATION OF THE HUNGARIAN HIGHER EDUCATION ARCHIVES (2008–2012). he author reported on the development of the documents during the history of the University of Debrecen at several conferences, emphasizing the fact that among all the Hungarian higher education institutions, the one in Debrecen has no separate archive. After a short retrospect, the present status of the document management at the University of Debrecen is introduced showing an odd picture of the situation since the doscument collections, although following the rules of the archive maintenance, are still scattered in separate locations. Parts of the collectionscan be found in the Hajdú-Bihar County Archive, in the Central Archive and in the University Library. he review written in favour of a uniied archive introduces the main subject units of the collections.
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The LEADERS OF THE AGRICULTURAL HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF DEBRECEN BETWEEN 1868 AND 1945
79-88Views:150. In 2018, Debrecen's agricultural higher education celebrated a century and a half since its foundation. In the decades since, it has become the country's leading professional education institute for agriculture. It was born in the post-1867 Reconciliation era, realising the vision of the city's farmer society, in line with the state's engagement, which extended the scope of central power, and gave a new impetus to Hungarian education policy and helped to launch the modernisation of Hungarian agriculture. This special anniversary has inspired the chroniclers of our times to provide an overview of the scholarly teachers of a century and a half who were school founders, who were at the head of the institution for a considerable period of time, and whose activities included enhancing the quality of Hungarian agricultural higher education. The articles in the university history journal, Gerundium, serve this purpose.
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A Debreceni Egyetem díszudvarának panteonja
59-82Views:93THE PANTHEON OF THE FORMAL COURTYARD OF THE UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN. In the plaques of the formal courtyard of the University of Debrecen 23 names are inscribed, which faithfully relect the mentality of the city, as well as its scientiic and scholarly signiicance. he pantheon is a replica of the rich store of Hungarian spirituality, which faithfully renders the speciic heritage of Debrecen and it also comprises within itself the values of Hungarian national culture in the spirit of universitas scientiarum. Based on thorough research, the study is the irst exploration of how the list of names of those chosen was established, and it ofers short biographies of the respective denizens of the pantheon.
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STATUE INAUGURATION SPEECH – PROF. DR. GÁBOR SZABÓ
261-263Views:133In October 2020, a statue was unveiled at the University of Debrecen's clinical campus in honour of Prof. Dr. Gábor Szabó, who played a pioneering role in the organisation of medical biology and later medical genetics education in Debrecen and Hungary. The personality of the professor, his main research results and international recognition were mentioned by one of his former students in his speech.
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Orsós Ferenc orvosprofesszor, a Debreceni M. Kir. Tisza István Tudományegyetem 1923/24. tanévi rector magnificusa
16-28Views:116FERENC ORSÓS PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE, THE RECTOR MAGNIFICUS OF ISTVÁN TISZA HUNGARIAN ROYAL UNIVERSITY IN DEBRECEN DURING THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 1923/24. Ferenc Orsós was born in Temesvár, graduated from medical school in Budapest, worked in the Institute of Pathology in Debrecen, and as a hospital commander during the WWI. He was appointed a professor of pathology, and the rector of the University of Debrecen in the academic year of 1923/24. He was the professor of forensic medicine at the Péter Pázmány University from 1936 until 1944 when he leed to the West. Later on, from 1946 until his retirement in 1955 he worked as the teacher of artistic anatomy at the Art Academy in Mainz. he name of Ferenc Orsós is well-known even today, irstly in connection to the excavation of the Katyń mass graves, secondly to his active participation in the senate discussion of the so-called 3rd anti-jewish laws. His scientiic achievements have been acknowledged not just in his time, but also today, since several of his discoveries seem to be futureproof.
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Bernolák Nándor (1880–1951), a Debreceni M. Kir. Tudományegyetem második rektora
13-31Views:95Nándor Bernolák (1880–1951), the Second Rector of the Hungarian Royal University of Arts and Sciences in Debrecen. As second rector of the Hungarian Royal University of Arts and Sciences, Debrecen, which was launched in 1914, Nándor Bernolák played an important role in shaping the events of the first years. He was a nationally recognized theoretical criminal jurist when he was invited to chair the department of penal law in Debrecen. In addition to an outline of his brief, seven-year, university career, a discussion of his previous professional activities is offered, and the events of his life pertaining both to the early history of the university and to his subsequent political and legal career are highlighted. Professor Bernolák’s reformist initiatives pertaining to criminal law as well as his attempts aimed at the renewal of law training are likewise reviewed. In summary it is stated that Nándor Bernolák excelled both as a criminal jurist and as a university manager. As regards his political career, it turned out to be rather brief and controversial. In view of the fact that he turned his back to his university commitments, we are obliged to consider him as one of those university professors who was lost for Hungarian higher education when they assumed political commitments.
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MINISTERIAL INSTRUCTION ABOUT THE CREATON OF MAINTENANCE SURCHARGE IN THE ISTVÁN TISZA UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN.
162-182Views:126The influence of the economic crisis to the system of surcharges was so deep, that the Ministry of Religion and Public Education was forced to make a new surcharge from the first semester of the 1931/32. year. This fee must be paid by every student of the university at the beginning of every semester. The state of the Hungarian government’s budget was so critical, that three years later must be made another maintenance surcharge which was paid based on the measure of the tuition fee exemption. From the first semester of the 1934/35. year every student had to pay this charge in the rate of their tution fee. All these maintenance surcharges were the part of the Hungarian higher education and the part of the surcharges system of the István Tisza University of Debrecen till the end of the first semester of the 1940/41. year.
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JÁNOS BODNÁR, PROFESSOR OF MEDICAL CHEMISTRY, RECTOR MAGNIFICUS OF ISTVÁN TISZA HUNGRIAN ROYAL UNIVERSITY DURING THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 1943-44.
3-10Views:198János Bodnár as professor and chair of the Institute of Medical Chemistry taught not only the first year medical students but, as a subject lecturer– owing to the lack of faculty of natural sciences – at the faculty of humanities he also took part in natural sciences teacher training of the teacher candidates. In addition, he also offered courses to those students who intended to obtain a doctoral degree.
In the academic year of 1943–44 he served as rector of the University of Debrecen, which was hard work because of the wartime climate and existence. In the following academic year, 1944 – 1945, he again took part in the management of the university as deputy rector since the newly appointed rector, János Hankiss got stuck in Budapest because of the war events. He concentrated on the temporary reconstruction of the war damages and he endeavoured to ensure the availability of the facilities of education.
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Fejezetek, arcképvázlatok a DEAC labdarúgó szakosztályának történetéből
145 - 171Views:200Chapters and Sketches of Portraits pertaining to the History of the Soccer Division of the Debrecen University Athletic Club. The Athletic Club of the University of Debrecen (DEAC) was established on the first day of August, 1919, by the University’s managers, professors and various renowned public figures with the primary objective of ensuring sporting opportunities and facilities for the student body, the educators and other employees of the University. The soccer club of DEAC achieved the peak of its development in the 1960s and 1970s, when the University’s team managed to qualify to play in the second division of the national football league (NB II). In those days the team attracted large crowds. Each team member was a student and they also were successful as students. Besides offering a survey of tangible successes in football, the present discussion also highlights the subsequent careers of the respective members of the team. A number of these successful soccer players also achieved outstanding professional careers, some of them became professors, well-known medical doctors, school pricipals, and sports managers of international rank The survey also introduces those university managers who supported and promoted the quality sporting activities of the students. The essay is a much-needed elaboration adding substantially to a better understanding of the scope, the past and present of the University of Debrecen. It is both a history of sport and the history of an institution.
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Hüttl Tivadar (1884-1955) Debrecen klinikaalapító és iskolateremtő sebész professzora
117-123Views:120HÜTTL TIVADAR (1884–1955), PROFESSOR SURGEON, FOUNDER OF A SCHOOL AND CLINIC IN DEBRECEN. After inishing his studies, Tivadar Hüttl worked in the Institute of Pathology at the Budapest University besides Professor Antal Genersich, later int he Clinic of Surgery besides Professor Tibor Verebély. From 1921 he worked as Deputy director of the forming Faculty of Medicine at the Tisza István University in Debrecen, in 1922 he was appointed as the full professor of Surgery and the Director of the Clinic of Surgery. During his leadership he established several departments which became clinics later on. He created a truly scientiic school environment, professors, hospital directors became his students. In the academic year of 1930–40 he was the Rector of the university. He was wrongfully accused in 1945 and he was divested of his professor title. Later he worked as the head physician of the State Institute of Oncology.
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Az egyetemi testnevelés kialakulása és fejlődése Debrecenben a két világháború között
32-40Views:118The Formation and Development of Physical Education at the University of Debrecen Between the Two World Wars. This study offers an overview of the beginnings, formation, as well as the production of the institutional and human resources of university-level physical education. The reader is provided with information pertaining to the difficulties relating to the introduction of mandatory university-level physical education and the role Debrecen—and Debrecen’s Gymnastics Association: DTE—played in securing
accommodation for the gymnastics lessons. Thus, we can learn about the changes and shifts, from optional to obligatory, of the university physical education of female students. We can also receive information as to who the first physical education instructors at the university were and additional information concerning those university educators who were the chief supporters of the systematic exercise of students and of university-level sports. It was due to the dedication of these people that it was in Debrecen that a position for sports physician was first created. The duties of the sports physician included the health check-up of students who participated in the gymnastics exercises. In addition, the study also includes information pertaining to how the university sports centre was created and extended as well as how the interest of the student body in exercise was enhanced by the University Athletic Club of Debrecen (DEAC) -
Debrecen szülötte, egyetemünk diákja és tanára, a 20. század kiemelkedő geológusa
126-146Views:136Native of Debrecen, Student and Professor of our University, Significant Geologist of the 20th Century: Dr. Vilma Fux Székyné (1916–2006). Dr. Vilma Széky-Fux, an exceptional scientist of the 20th century, geologist and professor with Széchenyi Prize was born in Debrecen 100 years ago and passed away in Budapest 10 years ago. She carried out successful education and research at two universities contributing to geology and expert training with useful inventions and valuable works at a time of war and regime
changes. She was member of numerous national and several international scientific boards and her results were recognised abroad as well. She worked hard in aspiring student research and refereeing the results of colleagues working for scientific degrees. Her activity as an organizer, presenter and leader in the Hungarian Geological Society was outstanding. Her work was always highly respected as reflected by her prizes. The life and works of Professor Széky-Fux should stand as an example for all of us. -
Debreceni zenetörténet – Az évfordulók tükrében
196-210Views:88MUSIC HISTORY OF DEBRECEN – IN REFLECTION OF ANNIVERSARIES. he study provides an extensive review of the 50 year history of professional music education in Debrecen. Special attention is put on the changes in the institutional structure of the training from the foundation of vocational school of music arts in 1966 to the present Music Faculty of the University of Debrecen. he writing relects not only on the spaces, forums of the daily teaching and artistic work, the living areas of the students, the international relations, but also on the important role the Faculty plays in the cultural life of the city.
