Cannabidiol (CBD), the most extensively studied non-intoxicating phytocannabinoid, has been attracting a lot of interest worldwide owing to its numerous beneficial effects. The aim of this review is to describe the various effects of CBD, since it seems to have several molecular targets, acting at which CBD can modify several pathological conditions. CBD has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, antipsychotic, antidepressant, antidiabetic and anti-obesity effects, furthermore it can affect the functions of the adenosinergic system as well.

Regarding myocardial adenosinergic system, CBD is thought to influence two important targets: the A₁ adenosine receptor and the equilibrative and nitrobenzylthioinosine-sensitive nucleoside transporter (ENT1 or SLC29A1). ENT1 is a main equilibrative adenosine transporter capable of regulating the interstitial level of adenosine, while the A₁ adenosine receptor is a chief protective receptor of the myocardium.