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• Comparison and evaluation of the efficacy of topical drug formulations containing diclofenac

  Krisztina Bodnár

  Gergő Kis

  Liza Józsa

  Views:

  23

  The choice of dermal dosage form is critical for therapeutic success, as it directly influences drug absorption, bioavailability, and overall efficacy. The skin possesses distinct physiological and anatomical characteristics that determine the performance of topical formulations. In addition to efficacy, the selected dosage form affects patient comfort, treatment adherence, and overall therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, optimizing dermal formulations is essential. This study aimed to compare different diclofenac sodium-containing dermal dosage forms in terms of drug release, bioavailability, cytotoxicity, and anti-inflammatory activity. Three formulations were evaluated: cream, foam and gel. Texture analysis was performed to predict bioavailability. Drug release and membrane penetration were assessed using a Franz diffusion cell combined with UV–VIS spectrophotometry. Biocompatibility was determined by MTT assay on HaCaT human keratinocyte cells. The in vitro anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated by measuring TNF-α and IL-1β levels using ELISA. Franz diffusion studies demonstrated that the foam formulation exhibited the most favorable penetration profile, followed by the cream and gel. MTT results confirmed acceptable biocompatibility for all formulations; however, cream and gel showed a greater reduction in cell viability, likely due to excipients. The foam achieved the greatest reduction in inflammatory markers, while no significant difference was observed between cream and gel. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the foam formulation containing diclofenac sodium is the most advantageous in terms of drug release, bioavailability, toxicity, and anti-inflammatory effect.

• Personalized 3D-Printed Gastroretentive Drug Forms with Metronidazole

  Réka Révész

  Akay Dogan Mengenli

  Mónika Béres

  Petra Arany

  Ádám Haimhoffer

  Views:

  125

  3D printing is increasingly recognized as a versatile manufacturing approach, enabling the production of devices that are difficult or costly to fabricate using conventional methods. In this study, we aimed to develop a hollow, 3D-printed capsule designed for incorporation of a molten matrix containing an active pharmaceutical ingredient, and to evaluate its potential for gastric retention through controlled drug release. Capsule shells were fabricated from polylactic acid using fused deposition modeling and subsequently filled with polyethylene glycol-based melts. Micro-CT was employed to assess internal structure and integrity. Drug release profiles were measured for different matrix compositions, and texture as well as compositional analyses were performed on both filled and unfilled capsules. Our findings demonstrate that the 3D-printed PLA shells provide sufficient mechanical strength and, depending on the matrix composition, enable controlled, zero-order drug release for up to five hours. These results highlight the potential of 3D-printed capsules as a customizable, gastro-retentive drug delivery system, offering opportunities for personalized therapies.