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“Carry each other’s burdens” Children’s aid missions in the Netherlands
223-237Views:46In the 20th century the Dutch government and the Dutch people undertook the mission of helping socially deprived children on several occassions. The Hungarian and the Dutch Reformed churches have been tied by a close, brotherly bond for several centuries. The major organizer of the children’s holiday scheme was László Pap, Reformed minister, professor of theology in Budapest. 500 children on board of the first train traveled to the Netherlands on July 12th, 1948 and on January 19th, 1949 they arrived home. All the children are perfectly happy in their host families. The children are more than satisfied with their host families and vice versa. They had also found many friends, brothers and sisters, and had become family members.
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De Nederlandse vertaling van Ferenc Pápai Páriz’ Rudus redivivum (1701)
95-137Views:58Ferenc Pápai Páriz, Professor at the Reformed College of Nagyenyed in Transylvania published his work ‘Rudus redivium’ on church history in Hungary and Transylvania in 1684 in Nagyszeben. The Dutch physician and literary man, Abraham van Poot brought out another book entitled ‘Korte historie van de reformatie der kerken van Hongaryen en Sevenbergenʼ (Short history of the Reformation in Hungary and Transylvania) in 1701 in Amsterdam. Text analysis indicates that the Dutch book is a complete translation of the work of Pápai Páriz. A letter published at the end of the appendix of the Dutch work proves that the author and the translater knew each other. A unique copy of the Dutch book is preserved in the Metropolitan Ervin Szabó Library, Budapest.
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De krokodil en de verdronken dienstmaagd: Székely-Lulofs in Deli en Boedapest
123-132Views:41Between the first own household of Madelon Székely-Lulofs – the well-known writer from the Dutch East Indies – in the arable region of Deli (on the east coast of Sumatra) and her home, later on, in the centre of Budapest one can notice a number of striking parallels. In both places the grinding lack of money, the care for the right food, her contact with the servants and a huge crocodile played a prominent role.
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In de dienst van de VOC: Een voorlopige inventarisatie van Hongaren in dienst van de Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie (1602-1795)
25-108Views:178This paper presents a preliminary survey of people coming from Hungary who were employed for the Dutch East India Company (VOC) between 1602 and 1795, drawing some conclusions from the point of view of national identity, education, social class and ethnic background. The survey was conducted using the database of sea-voyagers of the Dutch National Archive, containing detailed information of the background of the people who entered the service of the VOC. There has never been done a detailed survey of Hungarian immigrants coming to the Dutch Republic in the Early Modern period. So far, only students coming from Hungary to the Netherlands have been studied, but the majority of them have returned to their home country after university and did not stay here. The aim is to introduce the source material and its context in general, which can be the basis of further investigations. So far, almost 118 Hungarians have been identified. The majority of the Hungarians occupied modest positions on the ships and did not return from the east.
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Een trouwe vriend van Hongarije: Ds. Han Munnik (1884–1969)
37-52Views:99From 1921 on, the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands had a study fund, especially for Hungarian students. Until the Second World War, about 40 students studied with funding from that scholarship, neatly distributed between the Free University and the Theological School in Kampen. The chairman of the fund was Prof. F.W. Grosheide (1881–1972) of the Free University, its secretary was Rev. H.A. Munnik (1884–1969), from Zwolle. Both were involved in the fund from 1921 on, Grosheide retired in 1952, Munnik a few years later. Munnik became an honorary member of the Association of Hungarian Pastors and Honorary Professor in Debrecen (1938), Grosheide became Honorary Doctor in Sárospatak (1931), Debrecen (1938), and Budapest (1946). This indicates their significance for the Hungarian ministerial corps and for the contacts between Hungary and the Netherlands in those years.
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Een groot Nederlander: J.P.Ph. Clinge Fledderus (1870-1946)
131-148Views:120This article dives into a part of the life and personal history of J.P.Ph. Clinge Fledderus (1870-1946), consul of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, who played a crucial role in organizing relief for Hungary in the Interbellum and the organization of the possibilities for Hungarian children to recover from the effects of post-war famine and malaise after the First World War by giving them a holiday of some months in the Netherlands. A commemorative marble plaque for him still can be found on the front of the building at the Üllői út 4 in Budapest.
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1956 at Ten and Beethoven’s Tenth: Edward Alexander and Hungary, 1965-66
185-199Views:131This article looks at Edward Alexander, an American diplomat who served in Hungary between 1965 and 1969, and his various writings. An Armenian-American man of letters, Alexander served in psychological warfare in World War II, then joined cold war radios and later the Foreign Service. Our focus is on the years 1965-67, when he served as Press and Cultural Affairs Officer at the Budapest Legation. Available sources include his official diplomatic reports, his rather large Hungarian state security file, a lifetime interview conducted under the aegis of the State Department in the late 1980s, a book on Armenian history, and a semi-autobiographical intelligence thriller he penned in 2000. These sources allow for a complex evaluation of his performance in Hungary and of his writing skills on account of his attempt to fictionalize his own exploits.
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Relations architecturales entre le château de Hunedoara et le Palais des Ducs de Bourgogne de Dijon au milieu du XVè siècle particulierement en matière des naissances des voûtes*
65-87Views:55The large-scale similarity of two historical buildings or their ornamental elements tends to raise the question of the relation and transfer of their master builders. Besides the decoration, if the designing and constructing principles of the structural elements represent analogies, this question is of even higher relevance. Regarding the medieval history of architecture of Hungary, the cooperation of foreign masters, the import of Western European knowledge and practice can be considered as frequently general. Royal or noble residential buildings of political partners are likely to show the architectural effects of cultural relations as well. Several structural points of the 15thcentury governor palace of János Hunyadi in Hunedoara are parallel to those of the palace and tower of Philippe the Good, Duke of Burgundy in Dijon. Among these structural elements, the question of the shoulder of the vaulting (tas-de-charge) is of high importance. The personal touch of the two contemporaneous personalities cannot be proved by historical sources, that could confirm their artistic relation suggested by their residential buildings, it is quite sure, however, that the mutual direction of their political intentions could have established their sympathy.