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• Element Content of Herbaceous Plants in the Floodplain Meadows

  55-58

  Krisztina Alapi

  Zoltán Győri

  Views:

  371

  Animals require well-balanced nutrition. The elemental content of the vegetation of meadows is influenced by as many factors such as heat, rainfall, irrigation, soil type and nutrients, meadow types, species, aspects of the vegetation period and cultivation.
  Natural meadows used extensively are common sights on river floodplains. Since chemicals are banned and the species number is high, measuring the elemental composition of plants on these meadows is beneficial. Cenological survey and element content measurements were held on the rich flora of four natural meadows in the year 2001.
  Weeds, in a wider sense, are plants not directly involved in growing, although their nutritional values make them important costituents of feed. Meadows are enriched by their relatively high microelement content.
  On the sampling sites, the ratio deviated from the ideal 2/3 parts monocotyledon and 1/3 part dicotyledon, but this did not mean a Mn deficiency as it would have been assumed.

• The influence of climatic conditions of the harvest year on the wheat quality

  23-25

  Banda Ruska

  Camelia Anisoara

  Views:

  196

  Technological potential of wheat bread depends on the variety, manner and type of fertilizer, irrigation conditions and climatic conditions in their absence. This study was done on two varieties of wheat grown in Bihor county in a place with identical fertilization conditions, for two different years: year 2014 can be characterized by a greater quantity of rainfall during the wheat vegetation period and the year 2015 can be characterized by a drought during the growing wheat on the subject of the study. In the study was examined whether climatic conditions have any influence on the technological potential of wheat, not taking into account the data on quantity produced per hectare in the years studied.

• Drought-induced Losses in Fruit Orchards

  37-40

  István Gonda

  Views:

  173

  Scientists investigating the causes of the extremities of climate that have become quite frequent in the Carpathian Basin over the past few years are quite often in doubts as to whether increased atmospheric warming and the shortage of rainfall are to be seen as recurrent natural phenomena under our climate, or the first signs of global warming. Climate anomalies have, to a certain extent, always been common in the Carpathian Basin. However, statistical data of the past few decades indicate that the rise in temperature and the fall in precipitation have, by now, become a tendency, which requires further in-depth scientific research.
  The series of articles to be published in continuation of this paper endeavors to synthesize the research results and many years of experiences, in order to give an analysis of
  I. The economic effects and the symptoms of drought in tree cultures
  II. The possibilities of reducing the adverse affects of drought

• The irrigation influence under the soil, microclimate and plants in maize from Crişurilor Plain

  180-186

  Cornel Domuta

  Sandor Maria

  Vasile Bara

  Gheorghe Ciobanu

  Ioana Borza

  Cristian Domuta

  Radu Brejea

  Cornelia Ciobanu

  Camelia Bara

  Lucian Bara

  Adrian Vuscan

  Manuel Gitea

  Ana Peres

  Nandor Köteles

  Views:

  214

  The paper is based on the researches carried out in the long term trial placed on the preluvosoil from Oradea in 1976, for establishing
  the soil water balance. In the irrigated variant the soil moisture was determined 10 to 10 days for maintaining the soil water reserve on
  irrigation depth (0 – 50 cm for wheat and bean, 0 – 75cm for maize, sunflower, soybean, sugarbeet, potato and alfalfa 1st year and 0 – 100
  cm for alfalfa 2nd year) between easily available water content and field capacity. Thus, an average irrigation rate of 2560 m³/ha was used
  in the 9 experimental crops. The average of the annual rainfall for the 1976 – 2008 period was of 625.0 mm. The technologies used were
  correlated with the needes of the crops, such as melioration crop rotation, chemical fertilizers in accordance with the chemical export on the
  yield, manure (40 t/ha) was used in potato and sugarbeet. After 33 years of the irrigation use the soil structure degree (38.62%) did not
  decrease when compared to the unirrigated maize – wheat crop rotation (37.01%). Bulk density, total porosity, penetration resistance and
  hydraulic conductivity have worse values than the ones in the unirrigated variant. The humus content is very close to the humus content
  determined in 1976, the phosphorus and the potassium content increased very much in comparison with the initial content (117 ppm vs 22.0
  ppm); (180.0 ppm vs 102 ppm). The use of the adequate fertilization system and of the irrigation water with a good qaulity did not determine
  a decrease of the pH value of the soil. The irrigation determined the improve of the microclimate conditions, the increase of the plant water
  consumption, yield gains very significant statistically and higher protein content of the maize grains.