dEjournals Home Page
Acta Agraria Debreceniensis
Current Archives Search Author Guide Submit online
Register Login

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis

No. 1 (2025)
Articles

Cannibalism and its importance in Aquaculture: A review

Published:
2025-06-08
DOI Linkhttps://doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/1/15254
Authors
Zoltán László Hetényi,
Péter István Molnár,
Péter Bársony,
Milán Fehér
View
pdf
Keywords
cannibalism aquaculture larval and juvenile rearing of fish survival size heterogeneity
License

Copyright (c) 2025 by the Author(s)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How To Cite
Selected Style: APA
Hetényi, Z. L., Molnár, P. I., Bársony, P., & Fehér, M. (2025). Cannibalism and its importance in Aquaculture: A review. Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, 1, 43-54. https://doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/1/15254
Received 2024-12-09
Accepted 2025-03-26
Published 2025-06-08
Abstract

Intracohort cannibalism may lead to significant losses during the early life stages of farmed fish. The mechanisms driving cannibalism dynamics are common across many fish species and are closely linked to the factors that influence growth variation within a population. This genetically encoded behaviour allows the individual to eliminate competitors in the competition for resources and increases the chances of survival and reproduction. Many fish species display aggression towards individuals of the same species, which can often lead to cannibalistic behavior. This foraging strategy is also present in intensive aquaculture systems, and its economical, ecological and phylogenetic implications have been debated by many researchers. Many fish species can be produced economically in recirculation aquaculture (RAS) systems, but the efficiency of larval and juvenile rearing remains a bottleneck for most species. The success of initial rearing depends on many factors. In addition to genetic factors, the level of cannibalism is mainly influenced by the applied production and feeding technology. Literature suggests that mortality during larval rearing can be as high as 50%, largely due to aggression. In the case of predatory fish species, the presence or absence of certain husbandry conditions can lead to even higher levels of cannibalism, which significantly reduces production yields by causing mortality and secondary injuries, thus further decreasing the survival rate. This review therefore aims to identify and quantify the effects of biotic and abiotic factors that influence cannibalism.

References
  1. Adamek, J. (2002): Effects of rearing of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) larvae at different stocking densities. Komun. Ryb., 2002 (5), 16–19.
  2. Adams, M.A.; Johnsen, P.B.; Hong-Qi, Z. (1988): Chemical enhancement of feeding for the herbivorous fish Tilapia zillii. Aquaculture, 72: 95–107.
  3. Adron, J.W.; Mackie, A.M. (1978): Studies on the chemical nature of feeding stimulants fornrainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1978.tb04175.x
  4. Akbary, P.; Hosseini S.A.; Imanpoor, M. (2010): Comparison between live food and artificial diet on survival rate, growth and body chemical composition of Oncorhynchus mykiss larvae. Iran J Fish Sci 9:19–32.
  5. Anderson, R.J. (1974): Feeding artificial diets to smallmouth bass. Prog. Fish-Cult., 36: 145–151.doi:10.1577/1548-8659(1974)36[145:FADTSB]2.0.CO;2
  6. Attema, J. (1980): Chemical senses, chemical signals, and feeding behavior in fishes. In: Fish Behavior and its Use in the Capture and Culture of Fishes, (Bardach, J. E., J. J. Magnuson, R. C. May and J. M. Reinhart, Eds.). Manila, Philippines, ICLARM. 57–94.
  7. Babiak, I.; Mandiki, S.N.M.; Ratsinjomanana, K.; Kestemont, P. (2004): Initial weight and its variation in post-larval Eurasian perch affect quantitative characteristics of juvenile cohorts under controlled conditions. Aquaculture. 234, 263–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.12.010
  8. Baras, E. (1999): Functional implications of early sexual growth dimorphism in vundu. J Fish Biol 54:119–124. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1999.tb00616.x
  9. Baras, E.; Fortune´ d’Almeida, A. (2001): Size heterogeneity prevails over kinship in shaping cannibalism among larvae of sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus. Aquat Living Resour 14:251–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0990-7440(01)01118-4
  10. Baras, E.; Hafsaridewi, R.; Slembrouck, J.; Priyadi, A.; Moreau, Y.; Pouyaud, L.; Legendre, M. (2010): Why is cannibalism so rare among cultured larvae and juveniles of Pangasius djambal? Morphological, behavioural and energetic answers. Aquaculture, 305(1–4), 4251. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.04.004 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.04.004
  11. Baras, E.; Jobling, M. (2002): Dynamics of intracohort cannibalism in cultured fish. Aquac Res 33:461–479. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2109.2002.00732.x
  12. Baras, E.; Maxi, M.Y.J.; Ndao, M.; Me´Lard, C. (2000): Sibling cannibalism in dorada under experimental conditions. II. Effect of initial size heterogeneity, diet and light regime on early cannibalism. J Fish Biol 57:1021–1036. doi:10.1006/jfbi.2000.1365
  13. Barnabé, G.; Guissi, A. (1994): Adaptations of the feeding behaviour of larvae of the sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (L.), to an alternating live-food/compound-food feeding regime. Aquacult. Fish. Manage, 25: 537–546.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1994.tb00717.x
  14. Belles-Isles, J.; Cloutier, D.; Fitzgerald, G.J. (1990): Female cannibalism and male courtship tactics in three-spine sticklebacks. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 26, 363–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00171103
  15. Berg, O.K.; Finstad, A.G.; Olsen, P.H. et al. (2010): Dwarfs and cannibals in the Arctic: production of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus (L.)) at two trophic levels. Hydrobiologia 652:337–347. doi:10.1007/s10750-010-0366-9
  16. Blaxter, J.H.S. (1988): Pattern and variety in development. In: Fish Physiology, Volume 11A, (Hoar, W. S. and D. J. Randall, Eds.). New York, Academic Press. 1–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1546-5098(08)60198-3
  17. Bondari, K. (1983): Training and growth of artificially fed largemouth bass in culture tanks. Fish. Manage, 14: 145–149.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1983.tb00064.x
  18. Braid, M.R.; Shell, E.W: (1981): Incidence of cannibalism among striped bass fry in an intensive culture system. Progve Fish Cult. 43, 210-2. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1981)43[210:IOCASB]2.0.CO;2
  19. Brandenburg, A.M.; Ray, M.S.; Lewis, W.M. (1979): Use of carp eggs as a feed for fingerling largemouth bass. Prog. Fish-Cult., 41: 97–98. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1979)41[97:UOCEAA]2.0.CO;2
  20. Brandt, T.M.; Jones Jr., R.M.; Anderson, R.J. (1987): Evaluation of prepared feeds and attractants for largemouth bass fry. Prog. Fish-Cult., 49: 198–203. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1987)49<198:EOPFAA>2.0.CO;2
  21. Breder, C.M. (1927): The fishes of the River Chucunaque drainage, eastern Panama. Bull. Am. Mus. nat. Hist. 57, 91–176.
  22. Britz, P.J.; Pienaar, A.G. (1992): Laboratory experiments on the effect of light and cover on the behaviour and growth of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Pisces: Clariidae). J Zool 227:43–62. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1992.tb04343.x
  23. Brown, J.A.; Minkoff, G.; Puvanendran, V. (2003): Larviculture of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua): progress, protocols and problems. Aquaculture, 227(1-4), 357–372. doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(03)00514-3
  24. Bry, C.; Gillet, C. (1980): Reduction du cannibalisme precoce chez le brochet (Esox lucius) par isolement des fratries. Bull. fr. Piscic. 277, 142–53. https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae:1980010
  25. Carmichael, G.J.; Williamson, J.H. (1986): Intensive production of guadalupe bass. Prog. Fish-Cult., 48: 133–136. https://doi.org/10.1577/15488640(1986)48<133:IPOGB>2.0.CO;2
  26. Carr, W.E.S. (1976): Chemoreception and feeding behavior in the pigfish, Orthopristis chrysopterus: characterization and identification of stimulatory substances in a shrimp extract. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 55A: 153–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(76)90084-0
  27. Carr, W.E.S.; Blumenthal, K.M.; Netherton, J.C. (1977): Chemoreception in the pigfish, Orthopristis chrysopterus: the contribution of amino acids and betaine to stimulation of feeding behavior by various extracts. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 58A: 69–73.
  28. Coulibaly, A.; Koné, T.; Outtara, N.I.; N’Douba, V.; Snoeks, J.; Kouamélan, E.P.; Bi, G.G. (2007): Evaluation of a man/made shelters effects on survival and growth of Heterobranchus longifilis fry under cage culture. Belg. J. Zool. 137, 157–164.
  29. Cuff, W.R. (1980): Behavioural aspects of cannibalism in larval walleye. Stizostedion vitreum. Can. J. Zool. 58, 1504–7. https://doi.org/10.1139/z80-207
  30. Dabrowski, K.; Rusiecki, M. (1983): Content of total and free amino acids in zooplanktonic food of fish larvae. Aquaculture, 30: 31–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(83)90149-7
  31. Davis, T.L.O. (1985): The food of barramundi, Lutes calcarfer (Bloch), in coastal and inland waters of Van Diemen Gulf and the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia. Journal of Fish Biology, 26:669682. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1985.tb04307.x
  32. Degani, G.; Levanon, D. (1983): The influence of low density on food adaptation, cannibalism and growth of eels, (Anguilla anguilla(L.)). Bamidgeh 35(2): 53–60.
  33. Deneff, S.J.; Villars, T.A. (1982): Filial cannibalism and nocturnal illumination in paradise fish, Macropodus opercularis. Behav. Neural Biol. 36, 295-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-1047(82)90927-X
  34. Dominey, J.; Blumer, L.S. (1984): Cannibalism and early life stages of fishes. In G. Hausfater and S. B. Hardy, editors. Infanticide: Comparative and evolutionary perspectives. Aldine, New York, USA. 43–64.
  35. Dominey, W.J. (1981): Anti-predator function of bluegill sunfish nesting colonies. Nature, 290, 586–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/290586a0
  36. Dwyer, D.A.; Bailey, K.M.; Livingston, P.A. (1987): Feeding habits and daily ration of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) in the Eastern Bering Sea, with special reference to cannibalism. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 44, 1972–84. https://doi.org/10.1139/f87-242
  37. Ehrlich, K.F.; Camtin, M-C.; Rust, M.B. (1989): Growth and survival of larval and postlarval smallmouth bass fed a commercially prepared dry feed and/or Artemia nauplii. J. World Aquacult. Soc., 20: 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1989.tb00516.x
  38. Eibl-Eibesfelt, J. (1961): The fighting behaviour of animals. Scientific American, 205: 112–123. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24937167
  39. Eyeson, K.N. (1983): Egg and fry swallowing habits of tilapia. Aquaculture, 32, 415 18. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(83)90240-5
  40. Fahrig, K.P. (1972): New research on fish cannibalism. Aquarium Digest 1, 5.
  41. FAO. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global Production by Production Source 1950–2018 (FishstatJ) [online]. Rome: FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department; 2020. www.fao.org/fishery/stati stics/ softw are/fishs tatj/en. Accessed Feburary 22, 2021.
  42. Fitzgerald, G.J.; Van Havre, N. (1987): The adaptive significance of cannibalism in sticklebacks. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 20, 125–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00572634
  43. Flickinger, S.A.; Anderson, R.J.; Puttmann, S.J. (1975): Intensive culture of smallmouth bass. In: Black Bass Biology and Management, (Stroud, R.H. and H. Clepper, Eds.). National Symposium on the Biology and Management of the Centrarchid Basses, Tulsa. 373–379.
  44. Flickinger, S.A.; Smeltzer, J.F. (1983): Training spotted bass to accept a prepared diet. Prog. Fish-Cult., 45: 185–186. https://doi.org/10.1577/15488659(1983)45[185:TSBTAA]2.0.CO;2
  45. Folkvord, A. (1991): Growth, survival and cannibalism of cod juveniles (Gadus morhua): effects of feed type, starvation and fish size. Aquaculture, 97: 41–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(91)90278-F
  46. Folkvord, A. (1997): Ontogeny of cannibalism in larval and juvenile fishes with special emphasis on Atlantic cod. In: Chambers RC, Trippel EA (eds) Early life history and recruitment in fish population. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 251–278. doi:10.1007/978-94-009-1439-1
  47. Folkvord, A.; Ottera°, H. (1993): Effects of initial size distribution, day length, and feeding frequency on growth, survival, and cannibalism in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.). Aquaculture, 114:243–260. doi:10.1016/0044-8486(93)90300-N
  48. Fox, L.R. (1975): Cannibalism in natural populations. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 6:87–106. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2096826
  49. Fuentes, C.M.; Quiroga, F. (2012): Net feeding in ichthyoplankton samples from the Parana River. J Plankton Res. 34:967–975. doi:10.1093/plankt/fbs055
  50. Giles, N.; Wright, R.M.; Nord, M.E. (1986): Cannibalism in pike fry, Esox lucius L.: some experiments with fry densities. J. Fish BioL 29, 107–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1986.tb04930.x
  51. Gilmore, R.G. (1983): Observations on the embryos of the longfin mako, Isurus paucus and the bigeye thresher, Alopias supercilosus. Copeia, 15, 375–82. https://doi.org/10.2307/1444380
  52. Gisbert, E.; Luz, R.K.; Fernández, I.; Pradhan, P.K.; Salhi, M.; Mozanzadeh, M.T.; Kumar, A.; Kotzamanis, Y.; Castro-Ruiz, D.; Bessonart, M.; Darias, M.J. (2021). Development, nutrition, and rearing practices of relevant catfish species (Siluriformes) at early stages. Reviews in Aquaculture, 14 (1), 73–105. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12586
  53. Harada, K. (1989): Feeding attraction of amino acids and nitrogenous bases for oriental weatherfish. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish., 51: 461–466.
  54. Harwood, J.A.; Metcalfe, B.N.; Griffiths, W.S.; Armstrong, C.J. (2002): Intra and inter-specific competiti on for winter concealment habitat in juvenile salmonids. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 59, 1515–1523. DOI: 10.1139/f02-119
  55. Hecht, T.; Appelbaum, S. (1988): Observations on intraspecific aggression and coeval sibling cannibalism by larva and juvenile Clarias gariepinus (Clariidae: Pisces) under controlled conditions. Journal of Zoology, London 2 14:2144. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1988.tb04984.x
  56. Hecht, T.; Pienaar, A.G. (1993): A review of cannibalism and its implications in fish larviculture. J World Aquac Soc. 24:246–261. doi:10.1111/j.1749-7345.1993.tb00014.x
  57. Heltonika, B.; Sudrajat, A.O.; Zairin, M.J.; Widanarni.; Suprayudi, M.A.; Manalu, W.; Hadiroseyani, Y. (2022): Cannibalistic behavior and way of predation among the fry of Asian redtail catfish Hemibagrus nemurus at different stocking densities. AACL Bioflux, 15(3), 1154–1161.
  58. Hoelzer, G. (1988): Filial cannibalism in a non-brood cycling marine fish. Env. BioL Fishes, 21, 309–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00000378
  59. Holm, J.C.; Walther, B.T. (1988): Free amino acids in live freshwater zooplankton and dry feed: possible importance for first feeding in Atlantic salmon fry (Salmo salar). Aquaculture, 71: 223–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(88)90261-X
  60. Hunter, J.R.; Kimbrell, C.A. (1980): Egg cannibalism in the northern anchovy, Engraulis mordux. Fishery Bulletin, 78(3):811–816.
  61. Ikeda, I.; Hosokawa, H.; Shimeno, S.; Takeda, M. (1988): Identification of feeding stimulants for jack mackerel in its muscle extract. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish., 54: 229–233.
  62. Jones, J.S. (1982): Of cannibals and kin. Nature, 299, 202–3.
  63. Kamler, E. (2005): Parent-egg-progeny relationships in teleost fishes: an energetics perspective. Rev. Fish Biol. Fish. 15, 399–421. doi:10.1007/s11160-006-0002-y
  64. Karasiova, E.M. (1986): Cannibalism in blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou (Risso)) during the spawning period. ICES-CM-1987-H-29 (mimeo).
  65. Katavi, I.; Jug-Dujakovi, J.; Glamuzina, B. (1989): Cannibalism as a factor affecting the survival of intensively cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fingerlings. Aquaculture, 77: 135–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(89)90197-X
  66. Keenleyside, M.H.A.; Bailey, R.C.; Young, V.H. (1990): Variation in the mating system and associated parental behaviour of captive and free-living Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum (Pisces, Cichlidae). Behaviour, 112, 202–21.
  67. Keshavanath, P.; Gangadhar, B.; Ramesh, T.; van Dam, A.; Beveridge, M.C.; Verdegem, M.C. (2004): Effects of bamboo substrate and supplemental feeding on growth and production of hybrid red tilapia fingerlings (Oreochromis mossambicus×Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture, 235(1–4), 303–314. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.12.017
  68. Kestemont, P.; Jourdan, S.; Houbart, M. (2003): Size heterogeneity, cannibalism and competition in cultured predatory fish larvae: biotic and abiotic influences. Aquaculture, 227:333–356. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00513-1
  69. Kipling, C.; Frost, W.E. (1970): A study of the mortality, population numbers, year class strengths, production and food consumption of pike (Esox lucius) in Windermere from 1944–1962. Journal of Animal Ecology, 39:115–158. https://doi.org/10.2307/2892
  70. Kodric-Brown, A. (1983): Determinants of male reproductive success in pupfish (Cyprinodon pecosensis). Anim. Behav. 31, 128–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-3472(83)80180-8
  71. Kohbara, J.; Hidaka, I.; Morishita, T.; Miyajima, T. (1993): The feeding-stimulatory effectiveness of L-lactic acid on the young yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish., 59:183.
  72. Kozłowski, J.; Poczyczyński, P. (1999): The effect of light and stocking density on the results of rearing of European catfish (Silurus glanis L.) larvae. Archives of Polish Fisheries, 7(2), 297–306.
  73. Kramer, D.L. (1973): Parental behaviour in the blue gourami, Trichogaster trichopterus (Pisces: Belontiidae) and its induction during exposure to varying numbers of conspecific eggs. Behaviour, 47, 14–32. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853973X00256
  74. Krasteva, V.; Yankova, M. (2021): Intracohort cannibalism in European catfish (Silurus glanis L.) larvae under controlled rearing conditions at different stocking densities. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 27 (2), 379–384.
  75. Krise, W.F.; Meade, J.W. (1986): Review of the intensive culture of walleye fry. Prog. Fish-Cult., 48: 81–89. https://doi.org/10.1577/15488640(1986)48<81:ROTICO>2.0.CO;2
  76. Krol, J.; Zielinski, E. (2015): Effects of stocking density and weaning age on cannibalism, survival and growth in European perch Perca fluviatilis larvae. Pol J Nat Sci. 30:403–415.
  77. Kubitza, F. (1995): Intensive Culture of Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides: Production of Advanced Juveniles and Food-Size Fish. Ph.D. Dissertation. Auburn University, Alabama, USA, 145 p.
  78. Kubitza, F.; Lovshin, L. (1999): Formulated Diets, Feeding Strategies, and Cannibalism Control during Intensive Culture of Juvenile Carnivorous Fishes. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 7:1, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/10641269991319171
  79. Kucharczyk, D.; Mamcarz, A.; Kujawa, R.; Skrzypczak, A. (1998): Development of cannibalism in larval northern pike, Esox lucius (Esocidae). Italian Journal of Zoology, 65(1), 261–263. https://doi.org/10.1080/11250009809386829
  80. Kynard, B.E. (1978): Breeding behaviour of a lacustrine population of threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.). Behaviour, 67, 178–207. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4533929
  81. Lazard, J.; Cacot, P.; Slembrouck, J.; Legendre, M. (2009): La pisciculture des Pangasiidae. Cah. Agric 18 (2–3), 164–173. https://doi.org/10.1684/agr.2009.0284
  82. Li, S.K., Owings, D.H. (1978): Sexual selection in the three-spined stickleback: II. Nest raiding during the courtship phase. Behaviour, 64, 298–304. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853978X00071
  83. Li, S.K.; Mathias, J.A. (1982): Causes of high mortality among cultured larval walleyes. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 111, 710–21. https://doi.org/10.1577/15488659(1982)111<710:COHMAC>2.0.CO;2
  84. Liao, I.C.; Su, H.M.; Chang, E.Y. (2001): Techniques in finfish larviculture in Taiwan. Aquaculture 200:1–31. doi:10.1016/ S0044-8486(01)00692-5
  85. Loadman, N.L.; Moodie, G.E.E.; Mathias, J.A. (1986): Significance of cannibalism in larval walleye (Stizostedium vitreum). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 43: 613–618. https://doi.org/10.1139/f86-073
  86. Loekle, D.M.; Madison, D.M.; Christian, J.J. (1982): Time dependency and kin recognition of cannibalistic behaviour among poeciliid fishes. Behav. Neural Biol. 35, 315–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-1047(82)90749-X
  87. Loiselle, P.V. (1983): Filial cannibalism and egg recognition by males of the primitively custodial teleost Cyprinodon macularius californiensis Girard (Atherinomorpha: Cyprinodontidae). Ethol. Sociobiol. 4, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0162-3095(83)90002-X
  88. Lorenz, K. (1966): On aggression. Bantam Books, New York, New York, USA. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003209249
  89. Lovshin, L.L.; Rushing, J.H. (1989): Acceptance by largemouth bass fingerlings of pelleted feeds with a gustatory additive. Prog. Fish-Cult., 51: 73–78. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1989)051<0073:ABLBFO>2.3.CO;2
  90. Luz, R.K.; Portella, M.C. (2005): Effects of feeding frequency on larval rearing of trairao (Hoplias lacerdae). Rev Bras Zootec 34:1442–1448. DOI: 10.1590/S1516-35982005000500003.
  91. Mackie, A.M. (1982): Identification of the gustatory feeding stimulants. In: Chemoreception in Fishes, (Hara, T. J., Ed.). New York, Elsevier Publishing Company. 275–291.
  92. Mackie, A.M.; Adron, J.W.; Grant, P.T. (1980): Chemical nature of feeding stimulants for the juvenile Dover Sole, Solea solea. J. Fish Biol., 16: 701–708. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1980.tb03749.x
  93. Magyar Akvakultúra és Halászati Szakmaközi Szervezet (2023): Jelentés a Szervezet működésének 2022. évi eredményeiről.https://mahal.hu/wpcontent/uploads/pdf/Feh%C3%A9r%20k%C3%B6nyv%202022.pdf.pdf
  94. Malhotra, Y.R.; Munshi, S. (1984): Cannibalism among early larval stages of Puntius conchonius (Ham.) (Cyprinidae). Oikoassay 1(1&2): 1–4.
  95. Malison, J.A.; Held, J.A. (1992): Effects of fish size at harvest, initial stocking density and tank lighting conditions on the habituation of pond-reared yellow perch (Perca flavescens) to intensive culture conditions. Aquaculture, 104: 67–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(92)90138-B
  96. Manley, C.B.; Rakocinski, C.F.; Lee, P.G.; Blaylock, R.B. (2015): Feeding frequency mediates aggression and cannibalism in larval hatchery-reared spotted seatrout, Cynoscion nebulosus. Aquaculture. 437:155–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.11.012
  97. Martins, M.I.C.; Aanyu, M.; Schrama, W.J.; Verreth, J.A.J. (2005): Size distribution in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) affects feeding behaviour but not growth. Aquaculture 250, 300–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.05.034.
  98. Mcintyre, D.B.; Ward, F.J., Swanson, G.M. (1987): Factors affecting cannibalism by pond-reared juvenile walleyes. Prog. Fish-Cult., 49: 264–269. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1987)49<264:FACBPJ>2.0.CO;2
  99. Mckaye, K.R.; Barlow, G.W. (1976): Chemical recognition of young by the midas cichlid, Cichlasoma citrinellum. Copeia. 1976, 276–82. https://doi.org/10.2307/1443947
  100. Mousseau, T. (1998): The adaptive significance of maternal effects. Trends Ecol Evol 13:403–407. doi:10.1016/S0169-5347(98)01472-4
  101. Mrowka, W. (1987): Filial cannibalism and reproductive success in the maternal mouthbrooding cichlid fish Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 21, 257–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00292507
  102. Munilla-Moran, R.; Stark, J.R.; Barbour, R. (1990): The role of exogenous enzymes in digestion in cultured turbot larvae (Scophthalmus maximus L.). Aquaculture, 88: 337–350. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(90)90159-K
  103. Nagel, T. (1976): Intensive culture of fingerling walleye on formulated feeds. Prog. Fish-Cult., 38: 90–91. https://doi.org/10.1577/15488659(1976)38[90:ICOFWO]2.0.CO;2
  104. Naumowicz, K.; Pajdak, J.; Terech-Majewska; Szarek, J. (2017): Intracohort cannibalism and methods for its mitigation in cultured freshwater fish. Review in Fish Biology and Fisheries 27: 193–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-017-9465-2
  105. Nelson, J.S. (1984): Fishes of the world, 2nd edition. John Wiley & Sons, New York, New York, USA.
  106. Nelson, J.T.; Bowker, R.G.; Robinson, J.D. (1974): Rearing pellet-fed largemouth bass in a raceway. Prog. Fish-Cult., 36: 108–110. https://doi.org/10.1577/15488659(1974)36[108:RPLBIA]2.0.CO;2
  107. Nishank, S.S.; Swain, S. (2017): Cannibalism in animals. Science Horizon, 2019, 4: 33–39.
  108. Olsén, K.H. (1989): Sibling recognition in juvenile Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.). J. Fish BioL 34, 571–81. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1989.tb03336.x
  109. Paller, M.H.; Lewis, W.M. (1987): Effects of diet on growth depensation and cannibalism among intensively cultured larval striped bass. Prog. Fish-Cult., 49: 270–275. https://doi.org/10.1577/15488640(1987)49<270:EODOGD>2.0.CO;2
  110. Pantatisco, J.B.; Dangilan, M.M.A.; Eguia, R.V. (1988): Cannibalism among different sizes of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry/fingerlings and the effect of natural food. In Pullin, R.S.V., Bhukaswan, T., Tonguthai, K. and Maclean, J.L., eds. The Second International Symposium on Tilapia in Aquaculture, ICLARM Conference Proceedings. Manila, pp. 465–8.
  111. Patriquin, D.G. (1967): Biology of Gadus morhua in Ogac Lake, a landlocked fjord on Baffin Island. J. Fish Res. Bd Can. 24, 2573–94. https://doi.org/10.1139/f67-207
  112. Pereira, L.S.; Agostinho, A.A.; Winemiller, K.O. (2017): Revisiting cannibalism in fishes. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 27(3), 499–513. doi:10.1007/s11160-017-9469-y
  113. Persson, L.; Bystro¨m, P.; Wahlstro¨m, E. (2000): Cannibalism and competition in Eurasian perch: population dynamics of an ontogenetic omnivore. Ecology. 81:1058–1071. doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2000)081[1058: CACIEP]2.0.CO;2
  114. Petersen, C.W. (1990): The occurrence and dynamics of clutch loss and filial cannibalism in two Caribbean damselfishes. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol. 135:117–133. doi:10.1016/0022-0981(90)90011-Z
  115. Pienaar, A.G. (1990): A study of coeval sibling cannibalism in larval and juvenile fishes and its control under culture conditions. Masters thesis. Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa.
  116. Pine, W.E. III; Ludsin, S.A.; DeVries, D.R. (2000): First-summer survival of largemouth bass cohorts: is early spawning really best? Trans Am Fish Soc. 129:504–513. doi:10.1577/1548-8659(2000)129504
  117. Polis, G.A. (1981): The evolution and dynamics of intraspecific predation. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 12:225–51. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2097111
  118. Polis, G.A.; Myers, C.A. (1985): A survey of intraspecific predation among reptiles and amphibians. Journal of Herpetology, 19:99–107. https://doi.org/10.2307/1564425
  119. Potongkam, K.; Miller, J. (2006): Manual on Catfish Hatchery and Production. A Guide for Small to Medium Scale Hatchery and Farm Producers in Nigeria. Rome: FAO; 2006.
  120. Quinn, T.P.; Busack, C.A. (1985): Chemosensory recognition of siblings in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorynchus kisutch). Ani. Behav. 33, 51–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-3472(85)80119-6
  121. Quyến, N.N.; Tâm, N.T.; Pha, T.A.; Thuật, L.A.; Lợi, N.N.; Quyên, N.T.T., et al.(2025): Optimisation of controlled reproduction protocol in broadhead catfish (Clarias macrocephalus Günther, 1864) using OvopelTM: Effect of different hormonal treatment methods on reproductive traits. Aquac Reports. Mar;40:102551. DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102551
  122. Rahmadiah, T.; Zairin, M.J.; Alimuddin.; Diatin, I. (2019): Aggressive and cannibalistic behavior of African catfish larvae: effect of different doses of methyltestosterone injecting to female broodstock and larval stocking densities. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia, 18, 182–192. https://doi.org/ 10.19027/jai.18.2.182-192
  123. Ridgway, M.S.; Mcphail, J.D. (1988): Raiding shoal size and a distraction display in male sticklebacks (Gasterosteus). Can. J. Zool. 66, 201–5. https://doi.org/10.1139/z88-028
  124. Rohwer, S. (1978): Parent cannibalism of offspring and egg-raiding as a courtship strategy. AM. Nat. 112, 429–40. https://doi.org/10.1086/283284
  125. Rønnestad, I.; Yúfera, M.; Ueberschär, B.; Ribeiro, L.; Sæle, Ø.; Boglione, C. (2013): Feeding behaviour and digestive physiology in larval fish: current knowledge, and gaps and bottlenecks in research. Rev Aquacult. 5: S59–S98. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12010
  126. Rudolf, V.H.W. (2006): The influence of size-specific indirect interactions in predator–prey systems. Ecology. 87:362–371. doi:10.1890/05-0961
  127. Sargent, R.C. (1992): Ecology of filial cannibalism in fish: theoretical perspectives. In: Elgar MA, Crespi BJ (eds) Cannibalism: ecology and evolution among diverse taxa. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 38–62. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198546504.003.0003
  128. Shirahata, S. (1964): On "cannibalism" in the rainbow trout fingerling, Salmo gairdneri irideus. Jap. J. Ecol. 14, 25–32. https://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.14.1_25
  129. Shirota, A. (1978): Studies on the mouth size of fish larvae. II. Specific characteristics of the upper jaw length. Bull. Jap. Soc. Scient. Fish. 44, 1171–7.
  130. Slavík, O.; Maciak, M.; Horký, P. (2012): Shelter use of familiar and unfamiliar groups of juvenile European catfish Silurus glanis. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 142(1–2), 116–123. doi: 10.1016/j.applanim.2012.09.005
  131. Sloane, M.B. (1993): Performance of Training and Grow-Out Diets for Largemouth Bass. M.S. Thesis. Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA, 66 p.
  132. Sloman, K.A.; Armstrong, J.D. (2002): Physiological effects of dominance hierarchies: laboratory artefacts or natural phenomena? J. Fish. Biol. 61:1–23. doi:10.1111/j.10958649.2002.tb01733.x
  133. Smith, C. (1989): An investigation into the problem of conspecific predation among the fry of the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1757) in an intensive culture system. MSc thesis, Plymouth Polytechnic. 134 pp.
  134. Smith, C.; Reay, P. (1991): Cannibalism in teleost fish. Rev Fish Biol Fish 1:41–64. doi:10.1007/BF00042661
  135. Snow, J.R. (1960): An exploratory attempt to rear largemouth black bass fingerlings in a controlled environment. In: Proceedings of the 14th Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Association of Game and Fish Commissioners, Biloxi, Mississippi. 253–257.
  136. Snow, J.R. (1963): Results of further experiments on rearing largemouth bass fingerlings under controlled conditions. In: Proceedings of the 17th. Annual Conference of the Souhteastern Association of Game and Fish Commissioners, Hot Springs, Arkansas. 191–203.
  137. Solomon, R.; Udoji, F. (2011): Canibalism among cultured African catfishes (Heterobranchus longifillis and Clarias gariepinus). Natural Science, 9(9), 1–13.
  138. Svenning, M-A.; Borgstrøm, R. (2005): Cannibalism in Arctic charr: do all individuals have the same propensity to be cannibals? J Fish Biol. 66:957–965. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2005.00646.x
  139. Szkudlarek, M.; Zakes, Z. (2007): Effect of stocking density onsurvival and growth performance of pikeperch, Sanderlucioperca (L.), larvae under controlled conditions. Aquaculture International, 15(1), 67–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-006-9069-7
  140. Takaoka, O.; Takii, K.; Nakamura, M.; Kumai, H.; Takeda, M. (1990): Identification of feeding stimulants for marbled rockfish. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish., 56: 345–351.
  141. Takeda, M.; Takii, K.; Matsui, K. (1984): Identification of feeding stimulants for juvenile eel. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish., 59: 645–651. https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.50.645
  142. Tamazouzt, L.; Chatain, B.; Fontaine, P. (2000): Tank wall colour and light level affect growth and survival of Eurasian perch larvae (Perca fluviatilis L.). Aquaculture 182:85–90. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(99)00244-6.
  143. Teng, S.K.; Akatsu, S.; Al-Abdul-Elah, K.M.; El-Zahr, C.R.; Downing, N.; Al-Marzouk, A.; Chazal, N. (1982): Spawning, fingerling production and market-size culture of sobaity (Acanthopagrus cuvieri) in Kuwait. A. Res. Rep. Kuwait Inst. Sci. Res. 1981, 66–70.
  144. Tucker, J.W. (1988): Growth of juvenile spotted seatrout on dry feeds. Progressive Fish Culturist, 50: 39–41. https://doi.org/10.1577/15488640(1988)050<0039:GOJSSO>2.3.CO;2
  145. Valdes, E.S.; Shelton, P.A.; Armstrong, M.J.; Field, J.G. (1987): Cannibalism in South African anchovy: egg mortality and egg consumption rates. S. Afr. J. mar. Sci. 5, 613–22. https://doi.org/10.2989/025776187784522595
  146. Vallon, M.; Grom, C.; Kalb, N. (2016): You eat what you are: personality-dependent filial cannibalism in a fish with paternal care. Ecol Evol. 6:1340–1352. doi:10.1002/ece3.1966. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1966
  147. Van Damme, P.; Appelbaum, S.; Hecht, T. (1989): Sibling cannibalism in Koi carp, Cyprinus carpio L., larvae and juveniles reared under controlled conditions. J. Fish Biol. 34, 855–63. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1989.tb03369.x
  148. Venturelli, P.A.; Tonn, W.M. (2006): Diet and growth of northern pike in the absence of prey fishes: initial consequences for persisting in disturbance-prone lakes. Trans Am Fish Soc. 135:1512–1522. doi:10.1577/T05-228.1
  149. Verga, D.V.; Bohm, J. (1992): The effect of freeze-dried zooplankton as a dry feed additive for Danube salmon (Hucho hucho L.) fry. Aquaculture, 108: 155–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(92)90325-F
  150. Vickery, W.L.; Whoriskey, F.G.; Fitzgerald, G.J. (1988): On the evolution of nest raiding and male defensive behaviour in sticklebacks. (Pisces: Gasterosteidae). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 22, 185–93. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00300568
  151. Walford, J.; Lam, T.J. (1993): Development of digestive tract and proteolytic enzyme activity in seabass (Lates calcarifer) larvae and juveniles. Aquaculture, 109: 187–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(93)90215-K
  152. Wattendorf, R.J. (1979): Cannibalism in elvers. Progve Fish Cult. 41, 218. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1979)41[218:CIE]2.0.CO;2
  153. Whoriskey, F.G.; Fitzgerald, G.J. (1985): Sex, cannibalism and sticklebacks. Behav. Ecol. SociobioL 18, 15–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00299233
  154. Willis, D.W.; Flickinger, S.A. (1982): Common carp eggs as a starter diet for the intensive culture of smallmouth bass fry. Prog. Fish-Cult., 44: 28–29. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1982)44[28:CCEAAS]2.0.CO;2
  155. Wocher, H.; Harsanyi, A.; Schwarz, F.J. (2011): Husbandry condition in burbot (Lota lota L.): impact of shelter availability on stocking density and behaviour. Aquaculture 315, 340–347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.01051
  156. Wourms, J.P. (1977): Reproduction and development in chondrichthyan fishes. Am. Zool. 17, 379–410. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3882103
  157. Yag˘ci, M.A.; Alp, A.; Yag˘ci, A.; Uysal, R. (2014): Diet and prey selection of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca Linnaeus, 1758) population in Lake Eg˘irdir (Turkey). Arch Biol Sci. 66:1515–1527. doi:10.2298/ABS1404515Y.
  158. Yang, S.; Yang, K.; Liu, C. (2015): To what extent is cannibalism genetically controlled in fish? A case study in juvenile hybrid catfish Silurus meridionalis-asotus and the progenitors. Aquaculture 437:208–214. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.12.005
  159. Zairin, M.J.; Furukawa, K.; Aida, K. (2002):. Reproductive endocrinology of the tropical walking catfish, Clarias batrachus. Fisheries Science, 2, 4857. https://doi.org/10.2331/fishsci.68.sup1_690
Most read articles by the same author(s)
László Kovács, Ádám Simon, Dániel Minya, Dávid Homoki, Attila Kertész, Milán Fehér, László Stündl, Péter Bársony, Influence of 17-alpha methyl testosterone on the production parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) fry Acta Agraria Debreceniensis: No. 75 (2018)
Milán Fehér, Edina Baranyai, Edina Simon, Péter Juhász, Éva Csorvasi, Péter Bársony, László Stündl, The use of essential trace elements in the juvenile rearing of barramundi (Lates calcarifer Acta Agraria Debreceniensis: No. 57 (2014)
<< < 1 2 3 > >>