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• The Investigation Of Heat-Resistant PLA Produced By Additive Manufacturing Technology

  24-29

  Péter Ficzere

  Norbert László Lukács

  Views:

  191

  In recent years, additive manufacturing technologies have been increasingly used in both custom and small-series production. In such cases, the component must remain functional under realistic conditions.. This means that there must also has a load‑bearing capacity. In many cases, materials are already suitable for strength. However, in many cases (machine parts, outdoor use) the models need to operate reliably at higher temperatures. This seems to be solved by the most widespread additive manufacturing technology (FDM), with a new heat-resistant material, HT PLA. In many cases, the use of cooling is essential during manufacture, especially for parts with high overhangs where hardening of the material is required as soon as possible to achieve the correct surface quality. In this paper, we investigated the effect of cooling applied during manufacturing on the mechanical strength

• Analysis of Thermal Degradation in the Annealing Process of Colored Parts Built by Extrusion-Based 3D Printing

  124-133

  Kleber Leonardo Castro Vera

  Leonardo Santana

  Jorge Lino Alves

  Views:

  399

  With the ever-increasing request of light materials, poly lactic (acid) PLA, have got much in consideration. Low-cost PLA materials have risen its use. Those possess some benefits but nevertheless insufficient mechanical strength. The printed PLA objects have a stumbling block for practical applications. Thus, annealing is an interested alternative to make 3D printed objects strong. This thermal treatment can significantly develop investigational studies and offer technical data. Hence the purpose of this paper is study and discuss how to increase the flexural strength through annealing process. Geometry distortions and color degradation will be analyzed. Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Taguchi Method (TM) and variance (ANOVA) were applied as part of the design experiments and analysis. Twenty-seven printed specimens were tested and factors as temperature, time and color were selected.

• Synthesis of Polylactic Acid (PLA) by Polycondensation Method

  286-293

  Tibor Horváth

  Tamás József Szabó

  Kálmán Marossy

  Views:

  367

  The Polylactic acid (PLA) is compostable and natural renewable sourced plastic type. Its mechanical properties quite similar to the PET, therefore the PLA is a good alternative for strongly ruled food industrial application. The PLA only has one critical attribute – the relatively low glass transition temperature. According to the relevant literature the glass transition of PLA is in the range of 40-70°C. In light of this fact, this material can be used only in that segments of food industrial field where the packaging process temperature are under of the lower limit of Tg range. The actual Tg of a material is highly depends on the molar mass and material structure, therefore the molar mass and the structure of material should be designed according to the future requirements of application and procedures.

• Investigating the Effects of Active Cooling in 3D Printing

  39-47

  Péter Ficzere

  Views:

  144

  3D printing is an increasingly widespread manufacturing process. With the development of machines and materials, the technology is becoming more accessible and easier to use. However, the technology's specificities mean that it requires knowledge of manufacturing technology. In some cases, it is necessary to solidify the freshly deposited layers as soon as possible in the event of large overhangs. This can be achieved by active cooling, which in turn can affect the material properties of the part. This research investigates the effects of active cooling during production. 

   

• Application of Additive Technology in Precision Casting

  43-56

  Dávid Halápi

  László Varga

  Views:

  199

  In this paper the surface of the prepared test specimens had been examined with light microscopy and surface roughness measurements. In order to improve the surface smoothness of PLA specimens, application of ethyl acetate was required. After this surface treatment, microscopic images were taken again. The melting and decomposition temperatures of the materials had been determined using derivatography. The chosen method was precision casting with gypsum molding. Also, the plaster molds had been burnt out according to the predefined melting and firing diagram. The measurement series shows that the samples produced by 3D printing can also be used in the field of precision casting. They provide greater freedom of design, more sophisticated pieces, and prototypes can be finished in a shorter amount of time.

• Polylactic Acid as a Potential Alternatives of Traditional Plastic Packagings in Food Industry

  123-129

  Tibor Horváth

  Tamás József Szabó

  Kálmán Marossy

  Views:

  380

  Huge quantity of synthetic polymers is used as packaging materials in different fields of food industries. A significant part of these polymers applied as a primary, direct food contact construction. The scoped application area is the sweet industry. In this field Polystyrol (PS), Polypropylene (PP) and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) have used but during the last fifteen years the usage of PET has been grown. In one hand the price of this material is efficient, form other hand the PET is the one of the most safe (for food industrial applications) petrol chemical plastic that can be used as primary or secondary food contact packaging material. To maximize the customer safety and minimize the environmental impact of traditional PET, a new bio-sourced and bio-degradable alternative polymer aimed to be used in this special food industrial segment. One of the potential alternatives is the Polylactic acid (PLA) that would be a possible substitute as it is compostable and produced from renewable sources and has good physical and mechanical properties [1].