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• Criminal offences that infringe on individual freedom versus restrictions imposed during the pandemic to guarantee access to education

  12-22.

  Views:

  127

  In the study we propose as follows, we will look at differences in perception between the pandemic constraints imposed by the governmenst of countries affected by the pandemic in view of managing the pandemic and society’s perception that governments have deprived citizens of their freedom by restricting their mobility and imposing restrictions with regard to travel, including in order to attend educational activities. In some cases, the communities affected by the restrictive measures have gone further, accusing governments of the crime of “Illegal Deprivation of Freedom”, which is included by the legislator in the criminal codes of countries. We consider that the accusations brought against the authorities are unfounded, exaggerated, and thoroughly wrong. We believe that they are due to communication gaps in the public domain, the differences in perception of community members in the context of changing paradigms and the insufficient legal education, which leads to confusion between illegal deprivation of freedom and limitations or restrictions. Although, in the legislation, the articles that provide for the criminal offences relevant to the matter are included in the criminal (penal) codes, for example, in the Romanian legislation in Article 205 of the Criminal Code, with the marginal name “Offences against Individual Freedom” of Title I, which bears the marginal name “Offences against the Person”, and falls within the area of ​​interest of legal sciences, we will analyze the effects in relation to the limitations and restrictions imposed by the authorities for the management of the pandemic. To this end, on the one hand we will highlight the aspects of material criminal law necessary for the legal classification of a deed as offence of illegal deprivation of freedom, in accordance with the provisions of the Criminal Codes of Romania, Hungary, Republic of Italy, Greece, and on the other hand, we will present some aspects regarding the management of the coronavirus crisis in the area of ​​education.

• A személyes szabadsághoz való jog érvényesülése a Bűnvádi Perrendtartásban

  Views:

  76

  In this study, first of all I am dealing with the question, how the right to personal liberty prevails in the Bűnvádi Perrendtartás, however at the beginning I would like to introduce how the law for the personal liberty formed and how it appeared in Hungary and in the international documents, so in the British, American and French law as well.

  The most serious barrier of the personal liberty is the criminal law, so i find it especially important to examine that for this reason what kind of safeguards were placed into the Bűnvádi Perrendtartás.

  In general it can be said that the most important guarantees of the personal liberty are found in the principles of the criminal law, for example presumption of innocence, and through this it prevails in the Bűnvádi Perrendtartás' system.

  Firstable the limitation of the personal liberty has to be looked in the coercive measures, so I studied the pre-trial detention institution, that besides the basic principle what kind of safeguards were brought in by the legislature.

  In the end, it can be said that the right to personal liberty influences the whole Bűnvádi Perrendtartás, and in the cases where there were limitations, they always solved it with a safeguard.

• A beteg kapcsolattartási jogáról

  Views:

  106

  Man is a social animal, it is important for colleagues to meet, create a relationship with them, to communicate, ideas, exchanging information. Human relationships are determined by the identity of a specific person, place in society, so it should be a fundamental right for all people in contact with the law. However, in certain life situations exercising these rights is necessarily limited, undermined, need frameworks. One of those situations in life with participation in health care in which the patient has to adapt in health care provider operating schedule, however, the Trustee is required to ensure the exercise of the right contacts.

  The most prominent of patients' rights to human dignity, which is inferred from a mother right, from which a number of other important rights. One of these is the right to self-determination, which guarantees freedom of action of the human as an individual incapacity depending autonomous. For patient care recipients should be subject to the fundamental distinction that whether it is inpatient or outpatient care. In the latter case, it also suffers from significant limitations on the patient's right to self-determination , including personal freedom, opportunities for contact with other people. The right to self-determination in a specific part of the realization of rights is thus involved in the regulation of the contact, as during inpatient care plays an important role.

  In today's modern society, the means of communication, networks of past explosive development, get more involved in the exercise of the right to life, human relations than before, with the elimination of the technical obstacles the spatial and temporal obstacles easily can be prevented. Life situation of the theme chosen exercise of the right of communication is of particular importance, because the patient's recovery depends not only on only physical but also mental condition, recovery can define what social relations, quality, intensity. The correspondence law of the health care law more the privileges include such other persons entitled to take the patient's inpatient sanitation place either in writing or orally to maintain contact, to receive visitors, the people he set out to exclude the visit , prohibit the fact of his treatment or the other information related to medical treatment reveals other.

  The context of the law of correspondence can be said that relatively little addressed by legislators and by expanding the scope of the practice of law in the content, but would consider appropriate where more attention is added. It would be good detailed arrangements for the exercise of creating the right framework for the so - to clarify the scope of everyday objects, to establish rules for their use of health services that are appropriate for the task to allow the exercise of these rights - the first line telecommunications.

• Das Recht auf Freiheit durchsetzen

  127-152

  Edina Ágnes Tass

  Views:

  94

  Die Studie befasst sich mit den wichtigsten Urlaubsregelungen, um Arbeitnehmern und Arbeitgebern ein besseres Verständnis der Urlaubsgewährung zu ermöglichen. Die Studie befasst sich mit der Frage, was mit dem bis zum Jahresende nicht genommenen Urlaub geschehen soll, ob das wirtschaftliche Interesse des Arbeitgebers die Unterbrechung rechtfertigen kann, ob und wann er in bar abgelöst werden kann und wie lange der Anspruch geltend gemacht werden kann, d. h. wann die Verjährungsfrist gilt. Außerdem wird erläutert, wie mit Fällen von Beendigung des Arbeitsverhältnisses umzugehen ist, in denen ein Arbeitnehmer weniger oder mehr Urlaub genommen hat, als er anteilig hätte nehmen müssen, wobei der Schwerpunkt darauf liegt, wer was zu beweisen hat, um eine erfolgreiche Klage zu erheben, und wie wichtig die Aufzeichnungspflicht des Arbeitgebers ist. Neben den EU-Vorschriften und den nationalen Vorschriften über die Freizügigkeit wurden in die Studie auch einige wichtige Entscheidungen des Gerichtshofs der Europäischen Union und der Kurie einbezogen, die zu dem Schluss führen, dass die Gerichte versuchen, in den ihnen vorliegenden Einzelfällen eine korrekte Rechtsauslegung vorzunehmen, die aufgrund ihres Präzedenzcharakters für andere Fälle verbindlich ist.