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• The role of precision farming in crop production’s adaptation to climate change

  Zsófi Kudlacsek

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  15

  As a result of climate change, agricultural production is facing ever-greater challenges, including rising temperatures, changes in the distribution and quantity of precipitation, and an increase in the frequency of extreme weather events. The aim of this study is to outline the role of precision farming in adapting to climate change, with a particular focus on remote sensing, drone-based data collection, water and soil management, and the application of vegetation indices. The methodological basis of the research is a comprehensive review of relevant domestic and international literature. The study carries out a comparative assessment of the climate adaptation technologies and practical applications of precision farming, drawing on scientific publications, book chapters, doctoral theses, as well as statistical and specialist data sources. Following a review of the literature, it can be concluded that precision technologies contribute to the continuous monitoring of cropland, the implementation of site-specific interventions and the more efficient use of resources. Vegetation indices – in particular the NDVI, GNDVI, NDRE, NGRDI (VIGreen) and the leaf area index (LAI) – have proved to be particularly important in practical application, as they provide objective information on the current condition of the crop and support evidence-based decision-making regarding cultivation techniques. When combined with an appropriate agronomic approach and state-of-the-art digital technologies, precision farming can significantly increase the adaptability of agriculture, thereby contributing to the realisation of sustainable crop production. From a practical perspective, the findings of this review can facilitate the more targeted selection and application of precision technologies and vegetation indices, thereby directly supporting farmers’ data-driven decision-making, increasing resource efficiency, and mitigating production risks arising from climate change.

• Effects of solar radiation and night temperature on potential maize yield in two different crop years

  Zoltán Bódi

  János Nagy

  Views:

  309

  Hungary's climate is undergoing change, and the heat unit (GDD) values have increased annually in the past nearly 50 years. In this study, we evaluate the performance of a maize hybrid in normal (2021) and drought (2022) crop years, along with the optimal agrotechnical factors (drip irrigation and high nutrient). In the potential experiment, we obtained a yield of 20.65t/ha in 2021 and 13.8t/ha in 2022. We examined the reasons for the large (33%) yield difference between the two years. By breaking down the weather data daily, it can be determined that the solar radiation (SR) and sunshine duration during the V6-V8 stage have an effect, and cloud cover affects the development of the reproductive organs of maize (ear differentiation). In the two years studied, we measured a significant difference in the SR value in the V6-V12 development stages (36% and 30% less SR was measured in 2022 vs 2021). The higher temperature (R1-R6) (2022) accelerated the phenological development of maize, so maize reached the black layer formation faster. The results indicate that in the future, we must also address the responses of maize to temperature changes with different levels of solar radiation and their dry matter incorporation dynamics.