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• Jövőkép – értelmi sérült emberek perspektívái a család szemszögéből

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  608

  A Magyarországon élő értelmi fogyatékos emberek intézményi léte, főként a gyermekkor és az időskor közötti intézményi űr számos kérdést vet fel az érintett családok életében. A felnőttkori elhelyezés kérdésessége, a lehetőségek szűkössége és az ebből fakadó bizonytalan jövőkép több mint negyvenezer embert érint az országban. A kutatás során a Debrecenben és környékén élő értelmi sérült gyermeket nevelő családok perspektíváit és a jövőhöz kapcsolódó stratégiáit vizsgáltuk, félig strukturált interjúkat alkalmazva. A húsz, különböző fogyatékossági szinttel rendelkező gyermeket nevelő család felnőttkorral bekövetkező kétségeit a következő dimenziók vizsgálatán keresztül végeztük: általános információk; a múltban és jelenleg igénybe vett intézményi forma; a társadalom szerepe; az ellátórendszer értékelése; a felnőttkor alternatívái; jövőkép. Markánsan megmutatkoztak a jövő bizonytalanságából fakadó életvezetési és döntési stratégiák, melyek kiváltképp a jövőre vonatkozó kérdések tagadásával és kizárásával jellemezhetőek. A szülői igények és a rendelkezésre álló lehetőségek közötti konszenzus hiánya, valamint a jövőre vonatkozó elképzelések végletessége mélyen gyökerező problémákat jelez.

• Zsidó közösségek túlélési stratégiái: Középkori gettók és közösségek

  Views:

  345

  Judaism lived in a traditional society, which we call the Kehila, from the time of the Talmud (2nd to 6th centuries) until the European Enlightenment. Even after this time, some Jewish communities continued to live in this traditional community of values and rules, essentially defined by the Hebrew Bible (Tanach) and the Talmud. I would like to briefly describe this traditional Jewish society, the Kehila, highlighting only a few segments of it, which was a typical form of Jewish life between the 16th and 18th centuries. I will then turn to the social role of the family in the context of the Kehila, the traditional Jewish societas. My focus is on the so-called Ashkenazi, European Jewry. My approach is social-historical, and I use the methods of Jewish studies.
  Jewish communities that have existed for thousands of years have survived to the present day despite often brutally hostile environments. In this paper, I want to examine some of the sociological characteristics of medieval Jewish communities. Are there any particular principles or patterns that we can observe and draw general conclusions from? How did Jewish communities survive for thousands of years?
  In addition to presenting the medieval Kehila, the Jewish community, I would like to draw some conclusions. Jewish communities, as I will try to present descriptively, subordinated the individual and even the family to the interests of the community. The survival of the community was more important than the will, happiness, and interests of the individual and/or the family. Everything was subordinated to the interests of the majority. The operating mechanisms of the community implemented the total supremacy of the collective over the institution of the individual and even the family. This may have been one of the secrets of its success.
  The Jews could adapt, their traditional-spiritual way of life predestined them to do so, and their survival was successful.

• A gyermekvédelmi gondoskodásból kikerült felnőttek jövőkép vizsgálata

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  481

  The child is the key to the future, so child protection is a fundamental social issue. To grow up in specialty care and then start out from there, start an independent life for young adults. They are primitive in the absence of minimal governmental grants and support nets. Heroes of our time and real sacrifices, who have been trapped in the trap of specialized authorities, separated most of their lives from their systems of origin and natural resources. Whatever the case of child protection in Hungary, no matter how close to family -friendly character, it cannot provide ready -made answers. There are lack of solution strategies and schemes that would help young adults' lifestyles. Young people who are out of their own fault or for reasons beyond their own fault are difficult to control their lives. They will be able to establish a well -functioning family with much more challenges. We know little about state care about school careers, establishing a family, work and how the system prepared them for their own life. This study attempts to give this problem an empirical picture of capitalized life expectations after being removed from child protection. We do this strictly by systematizing their experience in the light of a study between November 2021 and January 2022.

• A tranzitív változások integratív megközelítése a gerontológia kulcskoncepciói mentén

  Lajos Szabó

  Views:

  923

  This study connecting to the research for inquiry of the hazard about the demographical changes in the society, put the question, that the arriving the big demographical wave of the generation who was born between 1946 and 1964 particularly during the „Ratkó period” of the fifties to the old age, which kind of difficulties comes up in the care system for the older people because of the demographical hazards. According to the starting point of our hypothesis the adverse health conditions and psychosocial problems underlines the importance of the prevention, while the programmes of the primer prevention in the Hungarian care system proves insufficient, and the secondary prevention is unsettled. In the focus of our research programme are the theoretical, methodological questions, and questions about the possibilities of the development of the social service system for the secondary prevention on the field of the elder care. Considering the complexity of this subject, in this study we try to take out of the topic of theoretical background of the transitive changes of aging in scope of „desk-based research” for develop a new conceptual framework of the transitive changes in integrative approach based on key-concepts on modern gerontology.