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• Kivonuló, zsugorodó vagy gondoskodó állam? A szociális törvény parlamenti vitájának elemzése a gondozási etika normatív szűrőjén keresztül

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  14

  The 2022 amendment of the Social Act codified the principle of self-care in a stricter form than before, stating that "Everyone is responsible for themselves." The original wording of the bill submitted to Parliament declared even more clearly and sharply that "The individual is primarily responsible for their own social security." Professional organizations dealing with social policy and social work, as well as the independent press and opposition parties, unequivocally interpreted the amendment as a withdrawal of the state, while the ruling party that submitted the bill primarily referred to the principle of subsidiarity. Meanwhile, in recent years, social policy and social professions have increasingly been pushed out of the official state terminology, being replaced by the term "care policy." This study attempts to identify and evaluate the normative framework of legislation (problem definition, declared values and ideologies, conceptions regarding state involvement and human nature) by analysing the parliamentary debate on the amendment. Additionally, the analysis pays special attention to uncovering the meanings of "care policy" used by legislators and "traditional" social policy as presented in opposition speeches. Therefore, as the method of analysis, I chose a normative document analysis method based on the ethical values of care and political-philosophical assumptions. The study consists of three parts. First, I summarize the values that define the ethics of care and introduce the document analysis method called Trace, then follows the analysis of the parliamentary debate on the law, and finally, the evaluation of the normative framework.

• Az Észak-alföldi régió szociális szövetkezeteinek működési sajátosságai

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  101

  In my study I attempted to give a thorough picture of the terminology of social economy, of the evolution of cooperatives in Hungary and of the current situation of social cooperatives both on a national and international level. I focused on the underlying causes of the success or failures of cooperatives. The topic continues to gain importance in the ever more intense economic competition of the present, which in turn results in rapid changes in social inequalities. Intense competition on the market causes increasingly rapid appearances of ever growing numbers of the disadvantaged who no longer possess the resources to break into the primary labour markets. Social cooperatives can be a powerful means to combat these inequalities and to support the integration of their members into the labour market and into wider society. My study aims to analyse the situation of social cooperatives registered in the Northern Great Plain Region of Hungary. I used national databases to focus on and analyse the social cooperatives of the region. My goal was to present the advantages and disadvantages of social cooperatives. To date, I have interviewed the heads of 33 social cooperatives. I processed the findings of my interviews through thematic analysis. I found that considering the low membership of the few available cooperatives within the region the above method would prove the most viable. As part of my work I also aimed to investigate the state of the infrastructure, as well as the leadership, social networks, marketing techniques, financial management, future plans, and the conditions surrounding the formation of each cooperative. My empirical research uncovered a growing dependency on projects and found that working under the local government can lead to violations of principles. On the other hand, cooperation with the local government proved to be beneficial considering the small size of owned capital. Sustainability of social cooperatives is further made more difficult by the negative connotation and biases that came to be attached to the term in the country.

• A nincstelenség konceptualizálása: elméleti megközelítés és gyakorlati relevancia

  Zsolt Temesváry

  Sabrina Roduit

  Matthias Drilling

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  226

  Jelen tanulmány a nincstelenség (destitution)2 újszerű és kifejező társadalomelméleti fogalmát vizsgálja. A nincstelenség tágabb koncepciója alkalmas az esszenciális szegénység és a szélsőséges társadalmi kirekesztés ábrázolására. A nincstelenség újszerű társadalomtudományi megközelítése kihívást jelent a korábbi neoliberális, jövedelem-alapú szegénység vizsgálatokkal szemben, mivel a szegénységet a lakáspiac, a foglalkoztatás, a családi kapcsolatok és az egészség terén megjelenő deprivációk többrétegű kapcsolatrendszerén keresztül mutatja be és nem csupán a materiális tényezőkre összpontosít. Noha a nincstelenség az egyén szintjén megjelenő biológiai és pszichológiai deprivációk mentén is tanulmányozható, írásunk elsősorban a fogalom strukturális, szociálpolitikai dimenziójával foglalkozik és mindenekelőtt két területre összpontosít: a hajléktalan személyek és a papírok nélküli migránsok szociális jogaira és jogosultságaira. A nincstelenség fogalma számos szociológiai, filozófiai, közgazdaságtani és politikai tényezőt foglal magában. Jelen írásunkban a szociális munka és a szociálpolitika elmélete és gyakorlata mentén vizsgáljuk a jelenséget.

• A szociális munkás és a hatalom – válasz Krémer Balázs cikkére

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  265

  The article responds to Balázs Krémer's article "From the Social Worker of Power to the Power of Social Work - Discussion Paper on the Crisis of Social Work" and the related online professional debate. In my article, I summarize my views on the historical and social embeddedness of social work in Hungary, including the apparent contrast between social policy and person-oriented social work, the contrast between improvisational and standardized social work, the phenomenon of client management, and the empowerment to interpret the social profession.

• Beszámoló az International Federation of Social Workers (IFSW) prágai küldöttgyűléséről és konferenciájáról

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  183

  Report on the annual delegate meeting and professional conference of the European region of the IFSW (International Federation of Social Workers) held in Prague in May 2023. The Hungarian Association of Social Workers (HASW) participated in the event with 4 people in person and online. The article summarizes the professional topics and proposals around which the conference was organized.

• Gondolatok a szociális törvény módosításáról

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  28

  In November 2022, the Hungarian Parliament adopted the amendment to the Social Law. The amendment deals with the levels of responsibility of the social care system in a new approach, strengthening the role of the individual and relegating the state to the background. In this study, I present the antecedents of the amendment, the most important events related to its adoption, and the basic principles of the new approach in comparison with the basic principles of social work. I will cover the most important critical points that arise during practical application.

• Mire jó egy szegénytelep a város közepén? - avagy tágabb kontextusok a segítő szemszögéből egy városi szegregátum kapcsán

  Bulcsú Mihály

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  304

  The article examines the existence of the famous slum in the city centre, the functions of it in the local social policy from the viewpoint of an NGO field worker. Gans’ functionalist method and the wilder context may explain the fact that there is no plan for the liquidation of the settlement since two years, although the money is given. The article analyses how became the stigma of the slum useful by the media, art, charity actions through political aims and how this special situation reinforced by the COVID–19.

• The usefulness of the sources of formal and informal support in the context of the needs of families with children with disabilities

  Ondrej Botek

  Nadezda Kovalcikova

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  190

  Background: A child’s disability changes the family and has an impact on the quality of life of all its members. Consequently, the family’s needs change as well, especially when it comes to their need for support.

  Goal: The goal of this study was to map how families with children with disabilities perceive the usefulness of the sources of formal and informal support in the context of family needs, as very important feedback for social work and social policy as major actors in formal support.

  Methods: The study was conducted using a quantitative research strategy. The relevant data was acquired using two standardized questionnaires – The Family Support Scale (FSS) by authors Dunst, Jenkins and Trivette (1984) and The Family Needs Survey by authors Bailey and Simeonsson (1988). The sample of respondents was comprised of 493 parents of children with disabilities, out of which there was a much larger number of women – mothers (N= 427) than men – fathers (N= 66).

  Results: The results of the study suggest that for families with children with disabilities, the most dominant need is the support from their relatives, while they also feel an increased need for finances. In terms of the perception of the usefulness of sources, informal support was more dominant, and the support of a husband / wife / partner and close relatives was determined the most useful. The study proved the existence of various statistically significant links, such as the link between informal support in the form of parent groups, financial needs, and the need for support from the community.

  Conclusion: The study proved an important fact – that whichever kind of formal, but mainly informal support has a direct influence on the extent of the satisfaction of needs. The presence and usefulness of sources of support positively impacts the satisfaction of family needs.

• Az egyházi térnyerés dilemmái a szociális ágazatban

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  934

  The ecclesiastical takeover of the public services sector has been particularly strong over the last ten years. This change in the structure of the public sector raises several problems and dilemmas which are rarely discussed (openly) in professional circles. The expansion of churches has not come about organically but is the result of government measures. It is primarily ideological rather than professional factors that are at play, and in many areas, this is leading the care system in a questionable professional direction. This paper discusses the historical background to the emergence of the social care system, the differences in the way the domestic care system is funded depending on the type of provider, the pro-church restructuring of the service sector and the professional and ethical dilemmas of church-based service delivery.