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Keresési eredmények

• ISMERETLEN ADATTÖRMELÉKEK A 17. SZÁZAD MÁSODIK FELÉNEK UNITÁRIUS ISKOLA- ÉS PEREGRINÁCIÓTÖRTÉNETÉHEZ

  Szigeti Molnár Dávid

  Megtekintések száma:

  158

  A kolozsvári unitárius iskola, a szentháromság-tagadók egyetlen „küldő intézménye” az 1660-as évek elején erősen hanyatlóban volt (tűzkár, pestis, a fegyelem meglazulása), s ezek folytán átmenetileg az unitárius peregrináció is „beszűkülő tendenciát mutatott”. Az 1670-es évektől azonban – a kolozsvári egyházközség költségén – ismét rendszeresen kezdtek unitárius diákokat külföldi tanulmányútra küldeni, viszont a peregrinusoknak indulásuk előtt már – más felekezeteknél sem ismeretlen – kötelezvényt, úgynevezett reverzálist kellett kiállítaniuk az eklézsia számára, melyben elsősorban hithűségre és engedelmességre kötelezték magukat. Ezeket a reverzálisokat – egyébként nagyon helyesen – formuláknak szokták tartani, időnként azonban nagyon érdekes konkrétumokat is találhatni bennük, így például a folyósított „ösztöndíj” összegét, a tanulmányok időtartamát vagy épp a kötelezően tanulandó nyelvek megnevezését. A tanulmány ezeket a konkrétumokat igyekszik rendszerezve tárgyalni.

• A magyar protestáns peregrináció a 16–18. században

  71-78

  Szögi László

  Megtekintések száma:

  291

  Hungarian protestant peregrination in the 16th–18th century. Thanks to the researches of the last two decades nowadays we are able to nearly precisely determine the foreign educated Hungarian university students’ numbers and denominational affiliations. In the article I primary examined the order of magnitude of the catholic and protestant peregrination in the marked 3 centuries. In that era, the denominational characters of the different universities determined which students could attend their educations. Naturally, a few „tolerant” universities like Padova accepted students from every religion. In the research, we used the word „protestant” as generic term, because in the beginning of the 17th century it is nearly impossible to separate the Lutheran, Reformed and Unitarian students in the historical documents. The data of matriculations indicate that the protestant students represented a higher number in the Hungarian peregrination in every century however this fact was especially true for the 17th century. Namely, because the protestants usually matriculated at many different universities during their educations. Although, if we examine the summarized number of students who attended foreign education we gain nearly equal numbers about the Protestants and Catholics.

• Unitáriusok egyetemjárása a 16. és 17. században – Narratívák és a Bessenyei-probléma

  136-146

  Lovas Borbála

  Megtekintések száma:

  274

  Unitarian Peregrination in the 16th and 17th century: Narratives and the Bessenyei-problem. This paper provides a fresh examination of the peregrination of Transylvanian Unitarian students in the 16 th and 17th century. Focusing on keyexamples, putting the details into a more accurate context, the question of the choice of university – Wittenberg, Frankfurt, Padua, Rome, Vienna, or Dutch universities – among different generations becomes more nuanced. Bookentries, inscriptions, marginalia, letters, diaries, and travelentries are used to identify new names in the matriculas, and to refine knowledge of student networks: social circles (and patrons), contacts, and relations. This study examines members of the Kornis and Haller families, and provides a clearer identification of two Wittenberg students: Jakab Bessenyei and Péter Bessenyei.

• Krakkótól Wittenbergig Magyarországi hallgatók a krakkói, bécsi és wittenbergi egyetemeken a 16. században

  23-50

  Kelényi Borbála

  Megtekintések száma:

  202

  From Krakow to Wittenberg. Students from the Hungarian Kingdom at the Universities of Krakow, Vienna and Wittenberg in the 16th Century. This paper aims at collecting the students from the Hungarian Kingdom at the universities of Krakow, Vienna and Wittenberg in the 16th century. According to the medieval traditions, the majority of the students attended the university of Vienna and Krakow (90%) in the first quarter of the 16th century. After the battle of Mohács (1526), the situation changed
  basically, and in the second period up to 1550, the University of Wittenberg started to rise, however, the total number of the peregrinating students decreased significantly. After 1550 the peregrination from the Hungarian Kingdom started to increase, however, its magnitude reached the level of the beginning of the 16th century again only in the 17th century. The heyday of the University of Wittenberg dates back to the second part of the 16th century, when the university of Krakow was hardly attended by any students of the Hungarian Kingdom. Whereas the universities of Vienna and Krakow attracted the students originated from the institutions’ neighbourhood, the university of Wittenberg was attended by the Saxons and it was also popular with the burghers of Debrecen. All the three universities had an organization for the students who came from the Hungarian Kingdom. However, the one of Vienna (Natio Hungarica) was not a national college in its modern sense; the one of Krakow (Bursa Hungarorum) was considereda national community in the first half of the 20th century. On the other hand, it seems more acceptable, that those students were its members, who originated far from Krakow. The college of Wittenberg (Coetus Ungaricus) was considered a national community, but its students must have chosen it because of their religious convictions, since many of them were engaged in the new ideas of the Reformation. Meanwhile, the most-known reformers from the 16th century attended these three universities, mainly   Wittenberg. Both the first Hungarian Calvinist bishop, Márton Sánta Kálmáncsehi (Krakow 1523) and ‘the Hungarian Luther’, Mátyás Bíró Dévai (Krakow 1523, Wittenberg, 1528), moreover Ferenc Dávid (Wittenberg 1545), the founder and the first bishop of the Unitarian Church of Transylvania appeared at these universities.